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1.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 9749, 2021 05 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33980877

ABSTRACT

Conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is an isomer of linoleic acid (LA). The predominant dietary CLA is cis-9, trans-11-CLA (c-9, t-11-CLA), which constitutes up to ~ 90% of total CLA and is thought to be responsible for the positive health benefits associated with CLA. However, the effects of c-9, t-11-CLA on Alzheimer's disease (AD) remain to be elucidated. In this study, we investigated the effect of dietary intake of c-9, t-11-CLA on the pathogenesis of an AD mouse model. We found that c-9, t-11-CLA diet-fed AD model mice significantly exhibited (1) a decrease in amyloid-ß protein (Aß) levels in the hippocampus, (2) an increase in the number of microglia, and (3) an increase in the number of astrocytes expressing the anti-inflammatory cytokines, interleukin-10 and 19 (IL-10, IL-19), with no change in the total number of astrocytes. In addition, liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and gas chromatographic analysis revealed that the levels of lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) containing c-9, t-11-CLA (CLA-LPC) and free c-9, t-11-CLA were significantly increased in the brain of c-9, t-11-CLA diet-fed mice. Thus, dietary c-9, t-11-CLA entered the brain and appeared to exhibit beneficial effects on AD, including a decrease in Aß levels and suppression of inflammation.


Subject(s)
Alzheimer Disease/diet therapy , Amyloid beta-Peptides/metabolism , Cytokines/metabolism , Dietary Fats, Unsaturated/therapeutic use , Linoleic Acids, Conjugated/therapeutic use , Alzheimer Disease/metabolism , Alzheimer Disease/pathology , Amyloid beta-Peptides/analysis , Animals , Cytokines/analysis , Disease Models, Animal , Humans , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL
2.
PLoS One ; 9(5): e98108, 2014.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24847970

ABSTRACT

A one-step SYBR Green I real-time RT-PCR assay was developed for the detection and quantification of a broad range of murine noroviruses (MNVs). The primer design was based on the multiple sequence alignments of 101 sequences of the open reading frame (ORF)1-ORF2 junction of MNV. The broad reactivity and quantitative capacity of the assay were validated using 7 MNV plasmids. The assay was completed within 1 h, and the reliable detection limit was 10 copies of MNV plasmid or 0.063 median tissue culture infective doses per milliliter of RAW264 cell culture-propagated viruses. The diagnostic performance of the assay was evaluated using 158 mouse fecal samples, 91 of which were confirmed to be positive. The melting curve analysis demonstrated the diversity of MNV in the samples. This is the first report of a broadly reactive one-step SYBR Green I real-time RT-PCR assay for detecting of MNVs. The rapid and sensitive performance of this assay makes it a powerful tool for diagnostic applications.


Subject(s)
Norovirus/isolation & purification , Organic Chemicals/chemistry , Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods , Animals , Base Sequence , Benzothiazoles , Cell Line , DNA Primers , Diamines , Feces/virology , Mice , Mice, Inbred C57BL , Molecular Sequence Data , Norovirus/genetics , Open Reading Frames , Plasmids , Quinolines , RNA, Viral/genetics , Reproducibility of Results , Temperature , Time Factors
3.
J Virol Methods ; 204: 17-24, 2014 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24717164

ABSTRACT

Murine norovirus (MNV) has considerable genetical and biological diversity and is recognized worldwide as the most common contaminant in laboratory mouse colonies. This study developed a reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) method with the potential to detect a broad range of MNV. RT-LAMP, using a set of five primers containing mixed bases, obtained results under isothermal conditions at 62°C for 90min. Sensitivity of RT-LAMP was 50-fold less than that of two-step TaqMan real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan RT-PCR). Diagnostic performance of RT-LAMP on RNA extracted from mouse fecal specimens was compared with TaqMan RT-PCR and nested RT-PCR. MNV was detected in 54 of 120 mouse fecal specimens by RT-LAMP, and RT-LAMP had an estimated sensitivity and specificity of 96.4% and 100% compared with TaqMan RT-PCR, and 94.7% and 100% compared with nested RT-PCR. RT-LAMP, which does not require expensive instruments, might be useful for the screening of mice actively or persistently infected with MNV.


Subject(s)
Caliciviridae Infections/veterinary , Norovirus/isolation & purification , Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques/methods , Reverse Transcription , Rodent Diseases/diagnosis , Rodent Diseases/virology , Animals , Caliciviridae Infections/virology , DNA Primers/genetics , Feces/virology , Mice , Norovirus/genetics , Sensitivity and Specificity , Temperature , Time Factors
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