Evaluation of Structural Retinal Layer Alterations in Retinitis Pigmentosa.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze retinal layers in the macular region using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Additionally, we examined the retinal vascular plexus densities of the eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A), specifically in patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP). Methods: In the study, 36 eyes from patients with retinitis pigmentosa (RP) and 36 eyes from healthy controls were included. Measurements involved assessing the thicknesses of each retinal layer at the central fovea, parafoveal, and perifovea using spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Moreover, the study involved the evaluation of retinal capillary plexus densities (RCPD), encompassing deep capillary plexus density values, superficial capillary plexus, and radial peripapillary capillary plexus. This assessment was performed using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Results: No statistically significant difference in retinal thickness was found in the central fovea between the two groups. The thicknesses of the INL, OPL, and PRL in the parafoveal regions as well as the RPE in the perifoveal regions increased in the RP group. Nonetheless, the ONL, IPL, GCL, and RNFL demonstrated reduced thickness in both the perifoveal and parafoveal areas. The OCT-A findings indicated that patients with RP exhibited lower values for all RCPD. Conclusion: The retinal layers and RCPD were significantly impacted at varying rates of RP. It is essential to acknowledge that this alteration may be significant in the context of the retinal findings in patients with RP. Abbreviations: SD-OCT = Spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, OCT-A = Optical coherence tomography angiography, RP = Retinitis pigmentosa, ETDRS = Early Treatment Diabetic Retinopathy Study, SD = standard deviation, TRT = Total Retinal Thickness, IRT = Inner Retinal Thickness, ORT = Outer Retinal Thickness, RNFL = Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer, GCL = Ganglion Cell Layer, IPL = Inner Plexiform Layer, INL = inner nuclear layer, OPL = Outer Plexiform Layer, ONL = Outer Nuclear Layer, PRL = Photoreceptor layer, RPE = Retinal Pigment Epithelium, µm = micrometer, PaFoSu = parafovea superior, PeFoSu = perifovea superior, PaFoNa = parafovea nasal, PeFoNa = perifovea nasal, PaFoTe = parafovea temporal, PeFoTe = perifovea temporal, PaFoIn = parafovea inferior, PeFoIn = perifovea inferior.

Evaluation of anterior segment structures with Scheimpflug camera in patients undergoing sutureless scleral fixation by modified Yamane technique.

PURPOSE: To evaluate anterior segment parameters in patients undergoing sutureless scleral fixation intraocular lens implantation with the modified Yamane technique (SSF-IOL-MY) by using Scheimpflug camera system. METHODS: Each group of 25 patients was included for aphakia undergoing SSF-IOL-MY and for senile cataract undergoing uneventful phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation (Phaco+IOL). Anterior chamber depth (ACD), iridocorneal angle (ICA), anterior chamber volume (ACV) and keratometric values were evaluated by Scheimpflug camera (Sirius, CSO, Italy) system. RESULTS: It was seen that the ACD, ICA and ACV display wider structures in patients with SSF-IOL-MY group compared to Phaco+IOL group. However, the ACD (p = 0.828) and ICA (p = 0.219) have not a statistically significant difference, while ACV (p = 0.007) has a statistically significant difference. In terms of keratometric values of the patients, there was no statistically difference in K1, K2 and Kmax values (p = 0.348, p = 0.106, p =0.269, respectively). Although there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of anterior corneal astigmatism, posterior corneal astigmatism was statistically higher in the Phaco+IOL group (p = 0.192, p = 0.031, respectively). CONCLUSION: SSF-IOL-MY surgery affects anterior segment parameters similar to the Phaco+IOL method, which is the gold standard in cataract surgery. In this surgery, it was approached to the gold standard method in terms of IOL position with the ACD, ACV and ICA values and the results of the corneal incision with the keratometric values.