Lithium Orbital Hybridization Chemistry to Stimulate Oxygen Redox with Reversible Phase Evolution in Sodium-Layered Oxide Cathodes.

Searching for high energy-density electrode materials for sodium ion batteries has revealed Na-deficient intercalation compounds with lattice oxygen redox as promising high-capacity cathodes. However, anionic redox reactions commonly encountered poor electrochemical reversibility and unfavorable structural transformations during dynamic (de)sodiation processes. To address this issue, we employed lithium orbital hybridization chemistry to create Na-O-Li configuration in a prototype P2-layered Na43/60Li1/20Mg7/60Cu1/6Mn2/3O2 (P2-NaLMCM') cathode material. That Li+ ions, having low electronegativity, reside in the transition metal slabs serves to stimulate unhybridized O 2p orbitals to facilitate the stable capacity contribution of oxygen redox at high state of charge. The prismatic-type structure evolving to an intergrowth structure of the Z phase at high charging state could be simultaneously alleviated by reducing the electrostatic repulsion of O-O layers. As a consequence, P2-NaLMCM' delivers a high specific capacity of 183.8 mAh g-1 at 0.05 C and good cycling stability with a capacity retention of 80.2% over 200 cycles within the voltage range of 2.0-4.5 V. Our findings provide new insights into both tailoring oxygen redox chemistry and stabilizing dynamic structural evolution for high-energy battery cathode materials.

Organocatalyzed Asymmetric Michael Addition of 3-Fluorooxindole to Vinylidene Bisphosphonates.

Both the 3-fluorooxindole and germinal bisphosphonate structural motifs are prevalent in bioactive molecules because of their associated biological activities. We describe an approach to accessing 3,3-disubstituted 3-fluorooxindoles bearing a geminal bisphosphate fragment through a highly enantioselective Michael addition reaction between 3-fluorooxindoles and vinylidene bisphosphonates. These reactions are catalyzed by a commercially available cinchona alkaloid catalyst, have a broad substrate scope concerning 3-fluorooxindoles, and provide the corresponding addition products in a yield of up to 95% with an enantiomeric excess of up to 95%. A reasonable reaction pathway to explain the observed stereochemistry is also proposed.

Monolithic Interphase Enables Fast Kinetics for High-Performance Sodium-Ion Batteries at Subzero Temperature.

In spite of the competitive performance at room temperature, the development of sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) is still hindered by sluggish electrochemical reaction kinetics and unstable electrode/electrolyte interphase under subzero environments. Herein, a low-concentration electrolyte, consisting of 0.5M NaPF6 dissolving in diethylene glycol dimethyl ether solvent, is proposed for SIBs working at low temperature. Such an electrolyte generates a thin, amorphous, and homogeneous cathode/electrolyte interphase at low temperature. The interphase is monolithic and rich in organic components, reducing the limitation of Na+ migration through inorganic crystals, thereby facilitating the interfacial Na+ dynamics at low temperature. Furthermore, it effectively blocks the unfavorable side reactions between active materials and electrolytes, improving the structural stability. Consequently, Na0.7Li0.03Mg0.03Ni0.27Mn0.6Ti0.07O2//Na and hard carbon//Na cells deliver a high capacity retention of 90.8 % after 900 cycles at 1C, a capacity over 310 mAh g-1 under -30 °C, respectively, showing long-term cycling stability and great rate capability at low temperature.

Treating Asthenopia from the Perspective of “the Liver is the Basis of Resistance to Fatigue” / 中医杂志

By exploring the theory of “the liver is the basis of resistance to fatigue”， it is believed that liver with its physiological function of storing blood and governing the free flow of qi plays an important role in the body's tole-rance to physical fatigue and mental fatigue， and it is also related to the physiological activities of eyes and tendons. The formation of asthenopia is related to the dysfunction of liver， spleen and kidney. The liver plays a key role in the occurrence and development of asthenopia. The deficiency of liver blood and liver dysfunction will cause the abnormal circulation of qi and blood， which leads to the loss of malnutrition of eyes and affects the normal physiological function of eyes. During treatment， we pay attention to nourishing the blood and soothing the liver to nourish the spirit， regulating and tonifying liver qi to stimulate the liver yang， strengthening the spleen and soothing liver to replenish qi and promoting yang， nourishing the liver and kidney to harmonize yin and yang， which are meant to restore the physiological characteristics of liver being yin in form but yang in function， so as to cure asthenopia.

Heterogeneous catalytic oxidation of glycerol over a UiO-66-derived ZrO2@C supported Au catalyst at room temperature.

The catalytic conversion of biomass-derived glycerol into high-value-added products, such as glyceric acid (GLYA), using catalyst-supported Au nanoparticles (Au NPs) at room temperature presents a significant challenge. In this study, we constructed a series of supported Au catalysts, including Au/ZrO2@C, Au/C, Au/ZrO2, and Au/ZrO2-C, and investigated their effectiveness in selectively catalytic oxidizing glycerol to GLYA at room temperature. Among these catalysts, the Au/ZrO2@C catalyst exhibited the best catalytic performance, achieving a glycerol conversion rate of 73% and a GLYA selectivity of 79% under the optimized reaction conditions (reaction conditions: 30 mL 0.1 M glycerol, glycerol/Au = 750 mol mol-1, T = 25 °C, p(O2) = 10 bar, stirring speed = 600 rpm, time = 6 h). Physical adsorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and other characterization methods were employed to analyze the texture properties of the catalyst. The findings indicated that the support structure, the strong metal-support interactions between Au NPs and the support, and the presence of small metallic Au NPs were the primary factors contributing to the catalyst's high activity and selectivity. Moreover, the reusability of the Au/ZrO2@C catalyst was investigated, and a probable reaction mechanism for the oxidation of glycerol was proposed.

O3-Type Na0.95Ni0.40Fe0.15Mn0.3Ti0.15O2 Cathode Materials with Enhanced Storage Stability for High-Energy Na-Ion Batteries.

O3-type layered oxides with high initial sodium content are promising cathode candidates for Na-ion batteries. However, affected by the undesired transition metal slab sliding and reaction with H2O/CO2, their further application is typically hindered by unsatisfactory cycling stability upon charging to high voltage and poor storage stability under humid air. Herein, we demonstrate a Fe/Ti cosubstitution strategy to simultaneously enhance the electrochemical performance and storage stability of pristine O3-NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2 cathode material, via employing high redox potential and inactive stabilized dopants. The resultant Fe/Ti cosubstituted Na0.95Ni0.40Fe0.15Mn0.3Ti0.15O2 undergoes highly reversible O3-P3-OP2 phase transitions with a small cell volume change of 2.8%, instead of complex O3-O'3-P3-P'3-P3'-O1 phase transitions in NaNi0.5Mn0.5O2. Consequently, the cathode displays a high specific capacity of 161.6 mAh g-1 with an average working voltage of 3.28 V and 81.8% capacity retention after 200 cycles at 5C. Furthermore, the cathode material remains very stable after exposure to air for 7 days and even after soaking in water for 1 h, owing to the prohibition of sodium losing by elevating redox potential and contracting sodium layer spacing. This work proposes an effective method to enhance the electrochemical performance and storage stability of O3-type layered oxide cathodes and promises advancing Na-ion batteries toward large-scale industrialization.

Injectable Temperature-Sensitive Hydrogel Loaded with IL-36Ra for the Relief of Osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is an inflammatory disease accompanied by synovial joint inflammation, and IL-36 plays an important role in this process. Local application of IL-36 receptor antagonist (IL-36Ra) can effectively control the inflammatory response, thereby protecting cartilage and slowing down the development of OA. However, its application is limited by the fact that it is rapidly metabolized locally. We designed and prepared a temperature-sensitive poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) hydrogel (IL-36Ra@Gel) system carrying IL-36Ra and evaluated its basic physicochemical characteristics. The drug release curve of IL-36Ra@Gel indicated that this system could slowly release the drug over a longer period. Furthermore, degradation experiments showed that it could be largely degraded from the body within 1 month. The biocompatibility-related results showed that it had no significant effect on cell proliferation compared to the control group. In addition, the expression of MMP-13 and ADAMTS-5 was lower in IL-36Ra@Gel-treated chondrocytes than in the control group, and the opposite results appeared in aggrecan and collagen X. After 8 weeks of treatment with IL-36Ra@Gel by joint cavity injection, HE and Safranin O/Fast green staining showed that the degree of cartilage tissue destruction in the IL-36Ra@Gel-treated group was less than those in other groups. Meanwhile, the joints of mice in the IL-36Ra@Gel group had the most intact cartilage surface, the smallest thickness of cartilage erosion, and the lowest OARSI and Mankins score among all groups. Consequently, the combination of IL-36Ra and PLGA-PLEG-PLGA temperature-sensitive hydrogels can greatly improve the therapeutic effect and prolong the drug duration time, thus effectively delaying the progression of degenerative changes in OA, providing a new feasible nonsurgical treatment for OA.

Multi-Objective Neural Evolutionary Algorithm for Combinatorial Optimization Problems.

There has been a recent surge of success in optimizing deep reinforcement learning (DRL) models with neural evolutionary algorithms. This type of method is inspired by biological evolution and uses different genetic operations to evolve neural networks. Previous neural evolutionary algorithms mainly focused on single-objective optimization problems (SOPs). In this article, we present an end-to-end multi-objective neural evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition and dominance (MONEADD) for combinatorial optimization problems. The proposed MONEADD is an end-to-end algorithm that utilizes genetic operations and rewards signals to evolve neural networks for different combinatorial optimization problems without further engineering. To accelerate convergence, a set of nondominated neural networks is maintained based on the notion of dominance and decomposition in each generation. In inference time, the trained model can be directly utilized to solve similar problems efficiently, while the conventional heuristic methods need to learn from scratch for every given test problem. To further enhance the model performance in inference time, three multi-objective search strategies are introduced in this work. Our experimental results clearly show that the proposed MONEADD has a competitive and robust performance on a bi-objective of the classic travel salesman problem (TSP), as well as Knapsack problem up to 200 instances. We also empirically show that the designed MONEADD has good scalability when distributed on multiple graphics processing units (GPUs).

Fidelity in acupuncture-moxibustion clinical research: application and reflection / 中国针灸

As an indicator that measures the degree of implementation of intervention measures during the implementation process, fidelity could be used for monitoring and quality evaluation of the completion degree of intervention measures, and plays an important role in improving the degree of intervention implementation and clarifying the factors that affect intervention implementation. This article aims to introduce the connotation and significance, measurement, control, and current application status of fidelity, as well as the current application status of fidelity in acupuncture-moxibustion clinical research and its inspiration for future research. Meanwhile, based on the existing evaluation tool development methods of fidelity and the characteristics of acupuncture-moxibustion clinical research, a preliminary fidelity evaluation framework is proposed. Introducing fidelity into acupuncture-moxibustion clinical research could improve the implementation quality and compliance of acupuncture-moxibustion in clinical research, increase the credibility and effectiveness of clinical research results, and promote the transformation of acupuncture-moxibustion experience into easily learnable and promotable treatment plans.

Clinical characteristics of children infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant combined with allergic disease / 中华儿科杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of children with allergic diseases suffering from SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant strains. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. A total of 43 pediatric patients with allergic diseases infected by SARS-CoV-2 from April 25, 2022 to June 8, 2022 in Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine were selected as the allergic disease group, while 114 cases without underlying diseases and 16 cases with other underlying diseases were selected as control groups diagnosed at the same period. Clinical data including clinical features, laboratory tests, duration of hospitalization, and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid were collected and analysed. Kruskal-Wallis H test, chi-square test or Fisher exact test were used for comparison among three groups. Results: Among the 43 patients with allergic diseases, 28 were males and 15 were females, with an age of 4.4 (2.1, 8.2) years on admission, including 32 mild cases and 11 common cases. The allergic disease group included 20 cases (46.5%) of atopic dermatitis and eczema, followed by 14 cases (32.6%) of rhinitis, 8 cases (18.6%) of food allergies, 7 cases (16.3%) of asthma, 4 cases (9.3%) of allergic conjunctivitis and 2 cases (4.7%) of drug allergy. Among the 114 cases without underlying diseases, 57 were males and 57 were females, with an age of 2.8 (1.2, 5.6) years on admission, including 93 mild cases and 21 common cases. Among the 16 cases with other underlying diseases, 9 were males and 7 were females, with an age of 3.0 (2.6, 10.8) years on admission, including 13 cases mild and 3 cases common cases. Children with allergic diseases had higher frequency of sore throat and vomiting than those without underlying diseases (10 cases (23.3%) vs.9 cases (7.9%), 14 cases (32.6%) vs. 11 cases (9.6%), χ²=6.93, 12.24, both P<0.05). The lymphocyte count of patients with allergic disease was lower than those without underlying disease (1.1 (0.7,1.7)×109 vs. 1.6 (1.1,2.7)×109/L, H=-28.00,P=0.005). There were no significant differences in age, gender, typing of SARS-CoV-2, the duration of hospitalization, cycle threshold values of SARS-CoV-2 and the time to negative turn of novel coronavirus nucleic acid among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions: Children with allergic diseases may suffer from sore throat and vomiting more frequently when infected with SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant. The combination of allergic diseases hardly influenced the disease course of SARS-CoV-2 in children.

Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills Improve Quality of Life and Cardiovascular Prognoses of CHD Patients after PCI with Anxiety or Depression (GLAD Study): A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Study / 中国结合医学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To assess the efficacy and safety of Guanxin Danshen Dripping Pills (GXDS) in the treatment of depression or anxiety in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).@*METHODS@#From September 2017 to June 2019, 200 CHD patients after PCI with depression and anxiety were included and randomly divided into GXDS (100 cases) and placebo control groups (100 cases) by block randomization and a random number table. Patients in the GXDS and control groups were given GXDS and placebo, respectively, 0.4 g each time, 3 times daily for 12 weeks. The primary outcomes were scores of Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), Generalized Anxiety Scale (GAD-7) and the Seattle Angina Pectoris Scale (SAQ). The secondary outcomes included 12 Health Survey Summary Form (SF-12) scores and the first onset time and incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs). Other indices including blood pressure, blood lipids, microcirculation and inflammatory-related indices, etc. were monitored at baseline, week 4, and week 12.@*RESULTS@#In the full analysis set (200 cases), after treatment, the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scores in the GXDS group were considerably lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). Compared with the baseline, the total PHQ-9 scores of the experimental and control groups decreased by 3.97 and 1.18, respectively. The corrected mean difference between the two groups was -2.78 (95% CI: -3.47, -2.10; P<0.001). The total GAD-7 score in the GXDS group decreased by 3.48% compared with the baseline level, while that of the placebo group decreased by 1.13%. The corrected mean difference between the two groups was -2.35 (95% CI: -2.95, -1.76; P<0.001). The degree of improvement in SAQ score, SF-12 score, endothelin and high-sensitive C-reactive protein levels in the GXDS group were substantially superior than those in the placebo group, and the differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Similar results were obtained in the per protocol population analysis of 177 patients. Three cases of MACES were reported in this study (1 in the GXDS group and 2 in the placebo group), and no serious adverse events occurred.@*CONCLUSIONS@#GXDS can significantly alleviate depression and anxiety, relieve symptoms of angina, and improve quality of life in patients with CHD after PCI. (Registration No. ChiCTR1800014291).

Pathologically triggered in situ aggregation of nanoparticles for inflammation-targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation

Uncontrolled and persistent inflammation is closely related to numerous acute and chronic diseases. However, effective targeting delivery systems remain to be developed for precision therapy of inflammatory diseases. Herein we report a novel strategy for engineering inflammation-accumulation nanoparticles via phenolic functionalization. Different phenol-functionalized nanoparticles were first developed, which can undergo in situ aggregation upon triggering by the inflammatory/oxidative microenvironment. Phenolic compound-decorated poly (lactide-co-glycolide) nanoparticles, in particular tyramine (Tyr)-coated nanoparticles, showed significantly enhanced accumulation at inflammatory sites in mouse models of colitis, acute liver injury, and acute lung injury, mainly resulting from in situ cross-linking and tissue anchoring of nanoparticles triggered by local myeloperoxidase and reactive oxygen species. By combining a cyclodextrin-derived bioactive material with Tyr decoration, a multifunctional nanotherapy (TTN) was further developed, which displayed enhanced cellular uptake, anti-inflammatory activities, and inflammatory tissue accumulation, thereby affording amplified therapeutic effects in mice with colitis or acute liver injury. Moreover, TTN can serve as a bioactive and inflammation-targeting nanoplatform for site-specifically delivering a therapeutic peptide to the inflamed colon post oral administration, leading to considerably potentiated in vivo efficacies. Preliminary studies also revealed good safety of orally delivered TTN. Consequently, Tyr-based functionalization is promising for inflammation targeting amplification and therapeutic potentiation of nanotherapies.

Drug resistance and molecular typing of diarrheagenic escherichia coli from the diarrhea clinics in Qingpu District, Shanghai / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To analyze the drug resistance and multilocus sequence typing of five types of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) isolated from diarrhea outpatients of diarrhea comprehensive monitoring designated hospital in Qingpu District, Shanghai from 2015 to 2019. Methods: From January 2015 to December 2019, five types of DEC, isolated and identified from diarrhea outpatient cases' anal swabs of the Qingpu branch of Zhongshan Hospital were collected to determine the minimal inhibitory concentration by using the micro broth dilution susceptibility test. The strains, resistant to the third-generation cephalosporins or carbapenems, or producing ESBLs, were selected based on the results of sensitivity tests and determined by WGS. The MLST typing of DEC was analyzed based on the WGS technology and the minimum spanning tree was constructed by BioNumerics 7.6 software to analyze the local dominant flora. Results: A total of 513 strains of DEC were detected and isolated from 4 494 anal swabs, with a detection rate of 11.42%. About 500 strains were tested for drug sensitivity to nine antibiotics in four classes, including 330 strains of enterotoxigenic E.coli (ETEC), 72 strains of enteroaggregative E.coli (EAEC), 95 strains of enteropathogenic E.coli (EPEC), 1 strain of enterohemorrhagic E.coli (EHEC), and 2 strains of enteroinvasive E.coli (EIEC). From 2015 to 2019, the resistance rate of cefotaxime-clavulanic acid was significantly different (P<0.05). The resistance rate of virulence types of DEC to nalixic acid was significantly different (P<0.05). About 71 strains of DEC were determined by WGS, and 77 drug-resistant genes were detected. Strains were classified into 32 ST subtypes, with the dominant genotypes being ST-1491 (29.6%, 21/71) and ST-10 Complex (23.9%, 17/71). All ST-1491 produced ESBLs, which were blaCTX-M gene mutant strains. The dominant type of ST-10 complex was ST-218 (35.3%, 6/17). In addition, 8 strains of EAEC, 14 strains of EPEC and 49 strains of ETEC were classified into 7, 14 and 18 ST subtypes, respectively. Conclusion: The drug resistance of DEC strains from the diarrhea outpatient case of Qingpu District is serious. The ST types of EAEC and EPEC are highly polymorphic. The dominant ST types of DEC are basically consistent with the common genotypes in southeast China.

HbA1c comparison and diagnostic efficacy analysis of multi center different glycosylated hemoglobin detection systems / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: Compare and analyze the results of the domestic Lanyi AH600 glycated hemoglobin analyzer and other different detection systems to understand the comparability of the detection results of different detectors, and establish the best cut point of Lanyi AH600 determination of haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) in the diagnosis of diabetes. Methods: Multi center cohort study was adopted. The clinical laboratory departments of 18 medical institutions independently collected test samples from their respective hospitals from March to April 2022, and independently completed comparative analysis of the evaluated instrument (Lanyi AH600) and the reference instrument HbA1c. The reference instruments include four different brands of glycosylated hemoglobin meters, including Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong. Scatter plot was used to calculate the correlation between the results of different detection systems, and the regression equation was calculated. The consistency analysis between the results of different detection systems was evaluated by Bland Altman method. Consistency judgment principles: (1) When the 95% limits of agreement (95% LoA) of the measurement difference was within 0.4% HbA1c and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was good; (2) When the measurement difference of 95% LoA exceeded 0.4% HbA1c, and the measurement score was≥80 points, the comparison consistency was relatively good; (3) The measurement score was less than 80 points, the comparison consistency was poor. The difference between the results of different detection systems was tested by paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test; The best cut-off point of diabetes was analyzed by receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC). Results: The correlation coefficient R2 of results between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument in 16 hospitals is≥0.99; The Bland Altman consistency analysis showed that the difference of 95% LoA in Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180) was -0.486%-0.325%, and the measurement score was 94.6 points (473/500); The difference of 95% LoA in the Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant II) was -0.727%-0.612%, and the measurement score was 89.8 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.231%-0.461%, and the measurement score was 96.6 points; The difference of 95% LoA in the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT) was -0.469%-0.479%, and the measurement score was 91.9 points. The other 14 hospitals, Lanyi AH600, were compared with 4 reference instrument brands, the difference of 95% LoA was less than 0.4% HbA1c, and the scores were all greater than 95 points. The results of paired sample T test or Wilcoxon paired sign rank sum test showed that there was no statistically significant difference between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument Arkray HA8180 (Z=1.665,P=0.096), with no statistical difference. The mean difference between the measured values of the two instruments was 0.004%. The comparison data of Lanyi AH600 and the reference instrument of all other institutions had significant differences (all P<0.001), however, it was necessary to consider whether it was within the clinical acceptable range in combination with the results of the Bland-Altman consistency analysis. The ROC curve of HbA1c detected by Lanyi AH600 in 985 patients with diabetes and 3 423 patients with non-diabetes was analyzed, the area under curve (AUC) was 0.877, the standard error was 0.007, and the 95% confidence interval 95%CI was (0.864, 0.891), which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The maximum value of Youden index was 0.634, and the corresponding HbA1c cut point was 6.235%. The sensitivity and specificity of diabetes diagnosis were 76.2% and 87.2%, respectively. Conclusion: Among the hospitals and instruments currently included in this study, among these four hospitals included Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital in Jiangsu Province (reference instrument: Arkray HA8180), Tibetan Traditional Medical Hospital of TAR (reference instrument: Bio-Rad Variant Ⅱ), the People's Hospital of Chongqing Liang Jiang New Area (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), and the Taihe Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine in Anhui Province (reference instrument: Huizhong MQ-2000PT), the comparison between Lanyi AH600 and the reference instruments showed relatively good consistency, while the other 14 hospitals involved four different brands of reference instruments: Arkray, Bio-Rad, DOSOH, and Huizhong, Lanyi AH600 had good consistency with its comparison. The best cut point of the domestic Lanyi AH600 for detecting HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes is 6.235%.

Clinical study of intercondylar fossa formation to prevent intercondylar fossa impingement after high tibia osteotomy / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To observe the clinical efficacy of intercondylar fossa plasty in preventing intercondylar fossa impingement syndrome after high tibial osteotomy.@*METHODS@#From August 2018 to August 2020, 84 patients with inverted knee osteoarthritis were treated by arthroscopy combined with high tibial osteotomy, and were divided into two groups with 42 cases in each group according to different surgical methods. In the intercondylar fossa plasty group, there were 13 males and 29 females, age ranged from 52 to 67 years old with an average of(58.27±4.32) years old, and arthroscopic intercondylar fossa plasty was performed first, and then high tibial osteotomy. In the arthroscopic cleansing group, 16 males and 26 females, age ranged from 50 to 71 years old with an average of (59.02±5.14) years old, underwent arthroscopic cleansing and then high tibial osteotomy. Postoperative treatment was evaluated using visual analogue scale(VAS), hospital for special surgery (HSS) score for the knee, and the occurrence of intercondylar percussa impingement.@*RESULTS@#All 84 patients were followed up, the duration ranged from 12 to 18 months with an average of (14.1±1.6) months. The VAS and HSS score of knee joint at 6, 12 and 18 months after surgery were significantly improved compared with preoperative period, and there was no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05), but the incidence of intercondylar fossa index and intercondylar fossa impact between the two groups was significantly compared 18 months after surgery (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Intercondylar fossa plasty can effectively prevent the incidence of intercondylar fossa impact after high tibial osteotomy, and has a more significant effect on postoperative knee pain and function improvement.

Self-reported quality of life in patients with coronary heart disease and analysis of the associated factors / 中华内科杂志

Objective: To investigate the quality of life and associated factors in patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) in China. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 25 provinces and cities in China was performed from June to September 2020. A questionnaire was used to collect the socio-demographic and clinical information of patients with CHD, while the European Five-dimensional Quality of Life Scale (EQ-5D) was used to assess the quality of life. Multiple linear regression model was performed to analyze the associated factors. Results: The median age of the 1 075 responders was 60 (52, 67) years, and 797 (74.1%) were men. The EQ-5D and EQ-VAS indices were 0.7 (0.5, 0.8) and 60.0 (40.0, 80.0). Among the five dimensions in the quality of life scale, the frequency of anxiety/depression was the highest (59.8%), while problems in self-care was the lowest (35.8%). In the multiple linear regression model, female, increasing age, obesity, comorbidity(ies), anxiety/depression, social media channels, and receiving the CABG therapy were associated with the lower EQ-5D index (all P<0.05). In addition, increasing age, obesity, comorbidity (ies), depression, anxiety and depression, social media channels, and receiving the CABG therapy were associated with lower EQ-VAS index (all P<0.05). Conclusion: Over half of the patients with CHD in China have a low quality of life, which is related to gender, age, obesity, treatment pathway, the presence or absence of comorbidity (ies), and psychological state. In addition to managing the adverse effects of traditional socio-demographic factors on the quality of life, clinical practices should pay attention to the psychological state of patients. Moreover, establishing a WeChat group for doctor-patient communication could improve the quality of life of CHD patients.

Research progress on the blood-protective effects of tranexamic acid in the pediatric perioperative period / 临床麻醉学杂志

Perioperative bleeding and blood product transfusion can increase the incidence of com-plications and mortality in patients.Optimizing blood management strategies can reduce perioperative risks,improve outcomes,and reduce healthcare costs.Prophylactic use of tranexamic acid(TXA)is an important component of perioperative blood management(PBM)strategies.TXA is an antifibrinolytic agent that com-petitively inhibits the activation of plasminogen,reducing surgical or traumatic bleeding and subsequently the amount of transfused blood during the perioperative period.It has been widely used in various types of surgeries in adults.However,experience in using TXA in the perioperative period in children is mostly based on adult data,and there are fewer pharmacokinetic studies on the use of TXA in children.The precise use of TXA in children has not yet been fully clarified.This article focuses on children and provides a review of TXA's pharmacological properties,methods of use in the perioperative period in children,and adverse re-actions.It aims to provide guidance on how to use TXA in perioperative blood protection in children and re-duce its complications.

A Scd1-mediated metabolic alteration participates in liver responses to low-dose bavachin / 药物分析学报

Hepatotoxicity induced by bioactive constituents in traditional Chinese medicines or herbs,such as bavachin(BV)in Fructus Psoraleae,has a prolonged latency to overt drug-induced liver injury in the clinic.Several studies have described BV-induced liver damage and underlying toxicity mechanisms,but little attention has been paid to the deciphering of organisms or cellular responses to BV at no-observed-adverse-effect level,and the underlying molecular mechanisms and specific indicators are also lacking during the asymptomatic phase,making it much harder for early recognition of hepatotoxicity.Here,we treated mice with BV for 7 days and did not detect any abnormalities in biochemical tests,but found subtle steatosis in BV-treated hepatocytes.We then profiled the gene expression of hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells at single-cell resolution and discovered three types of hepatocyte subsets in the BV-treated liver.Among these,the hepa3 subtype suffered from a vast alteration in lipid metabolism,which was characterized by enhanced expression of apolipoproteins,carboxylesterases,and stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1(Scd1).In particular,increased Scd1 promoted monounsaturated fatty acids(MUFAs)syn-thesis and was considered to be related to BV-induced steatosis and polyunsaturated fatty acids(PUFAs)generation,which participates in the initiation of ferroptosis.Additionally,we demonstrated that mul-tiple intrinsic transcription factors,including Srebf1 and Hnf4a,and extrinsic signals from niche cells may regulate the above-mentioned molecular events in BV-treated hepatocytes.Collectively,our study deciphered the features of hepatocytes in response to BV insult,decoded the underlying molecular mechanisms,and suggested that Scd1 could be a hub molecule for the prediction of hepatotoxicity at an early stage.

Advances in Animal Aging Models / 实验动物与比较医学

With the increasing severity of global aging, aging-related issues have become the hotspot in the field of health. In recent years, animal aging models have been widely developed and applied, which is of great significance in the study of aging mechanism. Animals with short life span, such as Caenorhabditis Elegans and Drosophila Melanogaster, have natural advantages in the study of aging. Various rat and mouse aging models have been used in aging studies. In recent years, new animal aging models have been developed, such as the African turquoise killifish. The authors reviewed main animal models used in the study of aging, and analyzed the establishment methods, evaluation indexes, advantages and disadvantages of each model in order to provide reference for related research.