Effect of Educational Training to Promote Awareness Regarding Corneal Donation: Comparison of Students Enrolled in Health Care Versus Non-Health Care Curriculums at a Turkish University.

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to determine the awareness of university students enrolled in health care versus nonhealthcare curriculums, to study knowledge on corneal donation before and after education. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted at a university for 5 months, from January 2020 to May 2020. A team of researchers reviewed the literature and prepared a questionnaire consisting of 22 points of information, to assess the participants'knowledge and perceptions of corneal transplant. The questionnaire was used for face-to-face interviews conducted with the participants at 3 time points: before the educational training, immediately after the educational training, and 4 to 6 weeks after the educational training. The research sample consisted of 276 students. Data were analyzed with SPSS software (version 22.0). This study complies with the Helsinki Congress and Istanbul Declaration. RESULTS: Although the average score before the educational training was 10.93, we observed an average score of 20.79 points immediately after the educational training and an average score of 19.65 points 4 to 6 weeks after the educational training, which demonstrated a significantincrease in students' knowledge level. The mean score achieved by the nursing students from the questionnaire before and after the educational training was found to be significantly higher than the mean score of the physical education and sports students. The willingness of nursing students to donate their own cornea was significantly higher before and immediately after education, and the willingness to donate a relative's cornea was found to be significantly higher just before education. CONCLUSIONS: Greater awareness of corneal donation was associated with higher levels of education, suggesting that social awareness can increase when all health care professionals are informed about corneal donation via online platforms or face-to-face methods.

The Relationship of Evidence-Based Nursing Attitudes of Nurses Working in Surgical Wards With Patient-Centered Care Competencies.

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the evidence-based nursing attitudes of nurses working in surgical wards and their patient-centered care competencies. DESIGN: This was a prospective, correlational, and cross-sectional study. METHODS: The sample for this study included 209 surgical nurses working in the surgical clinics of a research hospital. Data were collected between March and July 2020 using the Nurses' Descriptive Characteristics form, Evidence-Based Attitude Toward Nursing Scale (EATNS) and the patient-centered care competency of the nurses, Patient-Centered Care Competency Scale (PCCS). Descriptive statistics and correlation analysis were conducted to analyze the data. FINDINGS: The mean total EATNS was moderate (53.93 ± 7.18, out of 75), and their approach to patient-centered care behaviors was high (69.46 ± 8.64, out of 85). CONCLUSIONS: We found a medium level of positive correlation and a significant relationship between the attitudes toward evidence-based nursing and patient-centered care competencies of the nurses participating in the study (r = 0.507, P < .05).

Colostomy and ileostomy care in nursing education: Which is more effective: Synchronous or asynchronous?

OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of synchronous and asynchronous training on the academic achievements and e-learning attitudes of nursing student trained in colostomy and ileostomy care. METHODS: The quasi-experimental, descriptive study was conducted at the Nursing Department of a health facility after approval from the Tekirdag Namik Kemal University, Tekirdag, Turkey, from May to June 2020, and comprised nursing students who were divided in intervention group A and control group B. Those in group A were given synchronous training on colostomy and ileostomy care using active learning techniques on an online platform, while those group B received their training only asynchronously. Data was collected using Colostomy and Ileostomy Knowledge Test, and the e-Learning Attitude Scale at baseline and post-intervention. Data was analysed using SPSS 17. RESULTS: Of the 154 students, there were 77(50%) in each of the two groups. Overall, 53(34.4%) students were in 2nd grade, 60(39%) in 3rd, and 41(26.6%) in 4th grade of their training. The mean age of the sample was 21.50±1.10 years. Post-intervention mean scores for knowledge and e-learning tendency were significantly higher in both the groups compared to the baseline (p<0.01). Mean score for e-learning avoidance was significantly lower and mean knowledge score was significantly higher in group A than group B (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The application of active learning activities among students was found to have a positive effect on nursing education compared to asynchronous teaching.

Safety and Adverse Effects of Inactive SARS-Cov-2 Vaccine (CoronaVac) in Health Care Professionals.

OBJECTIVE: To assess adverse effects post-vaccination in healthcare professionals in the first vaccinated group against coronavirus disease-2019. METHODS: The retrospective study was conducted at the Indus Hospital, Badin, The prospective study was conducted at the vaccination unit of a university hospital in Tekirdag, Turkey, from January to February 2021, and comprised healthcare professionals who came for receiving the second dose of the coronavirus disease-2019 inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine 28 days after the first dose. Data was analysed using SPSS 18. RESULTS: Of the 1088 subjects, 714(65.6%) were female with mean age 29.85±9.2 years and 374(34.4%) were male with mean age 29.57±9.85 years. Overall, local pain in the vaccinated area 495(45.5%), fatigue 266(24.4%), headache 261(23.9%) and muscle pain 197(18.1%) were very common adverse effects. CONCLUSIONS: Inactivated severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 vaccine was found to be safe.

The impact of two distinct endotracheal tube fixation on the formation of pressure ulcer in the intensive care unit: A randomised controlled trial.

The most common pressure ulcer associated with medical devices in the ICU is pressure injury associated with the endotracheal tube. We aimed to scrutinise the effects of two different techniques of endotracheal tube securement used in the ICU on the occurrence of pressure ulcers. This randomised clinical trial was conducted in 60 patients, 30 of which were intervention and 30 experimental, admittedin the ICU of a training and research hospitaldata were collected using the descriptive and clinical characteristics from the Braden Scale for predicting Pressure Sore Risk, the Pressure Ulcer Scale for healing, The International Staging System for Pressure Injuries and the Eilers Oral Assessment Guide. Based on the Braden Scale scores of the patients, we found that 98.3% of the cases were in the high-risk group before and after the intervention. We also found that the recovery was higher among patients in whom the bandage fixation method was applied compared to those in whom the fixation was done with an endotracheal tube holder.

Adaptation of the Competencies for Disaster Nursing Management Questionnaire: Turkish Version.

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to carry out the validity and reliability study for the adaptation of the Competencies for Disaster Nursing Management Questionnaire (CDNMQ), which was developed by Al Thobaity and others in 2016, (https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26778698/) to Turkish, and to be able to use in the nursing literature. METHOD: This study was conducted in a methodological approach. The scale used in this study was a 10-point Likert scale with 43 items and 3 subfactors. The questionnaire was applied to 450 nurses. The validity and reliability of the scale were evaluated using the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis. The content validity index was measured within the scope of the internal consistency measurements, and the Pearson's product-moment correlation coefficient was examined for the test-retest. RESULTS: The content validity index score was found to be 0.98. As a result of the confirmatory factor analysis of the CDNMQ, it was found that the 3-factor structure of the scale was valid and the goodness of fit tests was appropriate. CONCLUSION: The findings have shown that the CDNMQ study is similar to the original scale and an adequate measurement tool in determining competencies in disaster nursing management.

Diabetes Risk Assessment and Awareness in a University Academics and Employees.

Objectives: Screening of the community for diabetes is generally costly and imposes a significant financial burden. Therefore, some non-invasive measures such as the Finnish Diabetes Risk Score (FINDRISK) Scale have been developed and are generally recommended for screening of people, particularly those with a high risk of diabetes. However, the screening of the university employees including academics with FINDRISK scale has not been performed so far. Therefore, in this study, we intended to assess the risk of diabetes by FINDRISC among the academics and other employees of a university as well as to make diabetes awareness among them. Methods: 442 subjects were included in this study. "Diabetes awareness meetings" were organized, posters with awareness themes were displayed and brochures were distributed to academics and employees of our university. The FINDRISK was used for diabetes risk assessment. Participants' height, weight, waist circumference, and body mass indexes were measured and were recorded. Results: The mean age of the participants was 36.76±9.05. About 62%, 67%, and 32% of the participants were females, married, and academic staff, respectively. The mean waist circumference and body mass index of the participants were 84.71±14.49 cm and 26.8±4.91 kg/m2, respectively, and the median FINDRISK score was 7 (3-10). The 10-year risk of developing diabetes, assessed by FINDRISK score was very high and high, moderate, mild, and low in 8, 10.6, 32.4, and 43.9% of the participants, respectively. Significant differences were found between FINDRISK scores according to gender, age, marital status, smoking status, and occupational positions of the participants (p<0.001 for all parameters). However, the FINDRISK scores of the academics were significantly higher than in other groups. Conclusion: Our study results suggest that the 10-year risk of developing diabetes is higher in academics compared to the other employees. Therefore, to raise awareness among people, diabetes prevention training is of paramount importance, regardless of the education levels of the people, to prevent or delay the development of diabetes.

Examining the associations between children's receptive language skills and developmental domains in the United States and Turkey.

This study examined the relations between receptive language development and other developmental domains of preschoolers from low-income families, through an inter-cultural perspective involving the United States and Turkey. A total of 471 children and their caregivers participated in Turkey, while 287 participated in the United States. Children's development was assessed using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire for both samples. Different versions of the Peabody Picture Vocabulary Test were used for Turkish and US samples, to measure receptive language development. Results revealed similar patterns, with some differences, between the two countries. Receptive language predicted only communication and personal-social scales in the Turkish sample, while the US children's receptive language skills were associated with communication, problem solving, personal-social, and fine and gross motor development scales. These results were discussed in the context of each country, and the comparative conclusions contribute to the extant literature by illustrating the importance of language for three domains.

Examining the Association Between Executive Functions and Developmental Domains of Low-Income Children in the United States and Turkey.

This study examined the relations between executive functions and developmental domains of preschool children from low-income families through an intercultural perspective in the U.S. and Turkey. A total of 471 children and their primary caregivers participated in the Turkey part of the study, while 286 children and their parents engaged in U.S. sample. Regression analyses revealed that fine motor, problem solving, and executive functions of children between two contexts were significantly different from each other. In the U.S., executive functions predicted communication, problem solving, and fine motor development, whereas in the Turkish sample, executive functions did not predict domain scores. Child gender predicted four of five developmental outcomes in the U.S., whereas maternal education predicted two of five outcomes in Turkey. In addition, invariance testing demonstrated that predictors to outcomes were not significantly different between the two countries. Country differences from the first set of outcomes were explained in the context of the research sites, children's socialization, and cultural expectations surrounding child development. This study raises questions about relations between executive functions and developmental domains for future research.

The effect of total hysterectomy on sexual function and depression.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: To investigate whether the operations of Type 1 hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy performed for benign reasons have any effect on sexual life and levels of depression. METHOD: This is a multi-center, comparative, prospective study. Healthy, sexual active patients aged between 40 and 60 were included into the study. Data was collected with the technique of face-to-face meeting held three months before and after the operation by using the demographic data form developed by the researchers i.e. the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and the Beck Depression Scale (BDS). RESULTS: In the post-operative third month, there was an improvement in dysuria in terms of symptomatology (34% and 17%, P<0.001), while in FSFI (41.47±25.46 to 34.20±26.67, P<0.001) and BDS (12.87±11.19 to 14.27±10.95, P=0.015) there was a deterioration. For FSFI, 50-60 age range, extended family structure; and for BDS, educational status, not working and extended family structure were statistically important confounding factors for increased risk in the post-operative period. CONCLUSION: While hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy performed for benign reasons brought about short-term improvement in urinary problems after the operation for sexually active and healthy women, they resulted in sexual dysfunction and increase in depression. The age, educational status, working condition and family structure is also important.

The Impact of Facial Aesthetic and Reconstructive Surgeries on Patients' Quality of Life.

The aim of the present prospective and descriptive study was to assess the impact of facial aesthetic and reconstructive surgeries on quality of life. Ninety-one patients, of whom 43 had aesthetic surgery and 48 had reconstructive surgery, were analysed. The data were collected using the patient information form, body cathexis scale, and short form (SF)-36 quality of life scale. There were significant differences between before and after the surgery in both groups in terms of body cathexis scale and quality of life (p < 0.05 for both). It was observed that problems regarding the body image perception were encountered more, and the quality of life was poorer in both aesthetic and reconstructive surgery patients before the surgery. However, the problems were decreased, and the quality of life was enhanced after the surgery. Among the parameters of SF-36 quality of life scale, particularly the mean scores of social functioning, physical role functioning, emotional role functioning, mental health, and vitality/fatigue were found low before the surgery, whereas the mean scores were significantly improved after the surgery. The results revealed that facial aesthetic and reconstructive surgical interventions favourably affected the body image perception and self-esteem and that positive reflections in emotional, social, and mental aspects were effective in enhancing self-confidence and quality of life of the individual.

The Evaluation of Nursing Care Satisfaction and Patient Learning Needs in day Case Surgery.

Patients in surgical service units have higher expectations for treatment and care. The aims of this study were to determine nursing care satisfaction and information requirements at the time of discharge of patients from a day surgery unit and to assess the effects of demographics. The study was conducted on 291 patients undergoing day case surgery. Patient perception scale for nursing care (PPSN) and the patient learning needs scale (PLNS) were used and total and sub-dimension points averages were calculated and then compared with demographic data using the Kruskal-Wallis test. The results were evaluated at the p < 0.05 significance level with 95 % confidence intervals. Of the patients, 58.8 % (n = 171) were females and the average age was 49.5 ± 15.3 years. PPSN and PLNS total point averages were 68.16 ± 10.17 and 178.53 ± 27.59, respectively. A significant difference was determined in PPSN total point average with regard to previous hospitalisations; the PPSN total point average was higher for patients with prior hospitalisations (p < 0.001). Significant differences were determined between PLNS total point average and age group, marital status, receiving discharge training, and education level (p = 0.008, 0.006, <0.001, and 0.015, respectively). Differences were found in the PLNS sub-dimension point averages between groups, especially with regard to age group and educational level. We showed that patient satisfaction and patient information requirements could change according to demographic features of the patients at a day case surgery unit. In this respect, healthcare providers should offer healthcare services by evaluating the personal characteristics of patients because this is important for their satisfaction.

Effect of standard versus patient-targeted in-patient education on patients' anxiety about self-care after discharge from cardiovascular surgery clinics.

We compared standard and patient-targeted in-patient education in terms of their effect on patients' anxiety. One hundred and ninety-eight patients who were hospitalised for coronary artery bypass surgery were given standard education (group 1) or individualised education (group 2) on the management of their healthcare after discharge. Patients in group 2 were assessed on the patient learning needs scale and were given education according to their individual needs. The level of anxiety was measured by the state-trait anxiety inventory. Anxiety scores were significantly lower in group 2 than group 1 after education (p < 0.001). While state anxiety did not change after education in group 1 (p = 0272), it decreased significantly in group 2 (p < 0.001). For cardiovascular surgery patients, patient-targeted in-patient education was more effective than standard education in decreasing anxiety levels, therefore the content of the education should be individualised according to the patient's particular needs.

Is nocturia of young adulthood a remnant of childhood nocturnal enuresis?

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Nocturia and nocturnal enuresis (NE) share similar aetiopathological factors, and may represent two different situations involving the same underlying issue. In this study, we tried to evaluate the relation between NE of childhood and nocturia of young adulthood. METHODS: A total of 577 female university students aged 17-24 years were included in the survey. A face-to-face questionnaire was administered concerning present nocturia and past NE history. A non-validated questionnaire, created by the authors, was used to evaluate the presence and the frequency of childhood NE and present nocturia. All participant data were checked by telephone contact with their parents. RESULTS: The overall prevalence rates of nocturia and history of nocturnal enuresis in the study population were 8.6 % and 15 % respectively. Sixteen per cent of nocturics and 15 % of non-nocturics had a history of childhood NE (p = 0.837). The childhood NE was graded as severe or infrequent. The presence of nocturia was compared between participants with severe NE and infrequent NE, and no significant difference was observed (11.1 % vs 7.8 %, p = 0.713). Nocturia frequency was compared with the history of childhood NE and we found that as the nocturia frequency increased, the rate of childhood NE also increased. CONCLUSIONS: There was no relation between young adulthood nocturia and childhood NE in our study population, but as the severity of nocturia increased, the relation between nocturia and NE became more relevant.

Effect of Standard Versus Patient-Targeted In-Patient Education on Patients' Anxiety about Self-Care after Discharge from Cardiovascular Surgery Clinics : Cardiovascular Topic

Abstract: We compared standard and patient-targeted in-patient education in terms of their effect on patients' anxiety. One hundred and ninety-eight patients who were hospitalised for coronary artery bypass surgery were given standard education (group 1) or individualised education (group 2) on the management of their healthcare after discharge. Patients in group 2 were assessed on the patient learning needs scale and were given education according to their individual needs. The level of anxiety was measured by the state-trait anxiety inventory. Anxiety scores were significantly lower in group 2 than group 1 after education (p 0.001). While state anxiety did not change after education in group 1 (p