Research status and trends of physical activity on depression or anxiety: a bibliometric analysis.

Background: Anxiety and depression are prevalent mental disorders. As modern society continues to face mounting pressures, the incidence of anxiety and depression is on the rise. In recent years, there has been an increasing breadth of research exploring the relationship between anxiety, depression, and physical activity (PA). However, the current research progress and future development trends are unclear. The purpose of this study is to explore the research hotspots and development trends in this field, and to provide guidance for future studies and to provide some reference for clinicians. Methods: We searched the relevant literature of Web of Science Core Collection from the establishment of the database to August 15, 2023. CiteSpace, VOSviewer and Bibliometrix Packages based on the R language were used to analyze the number of publications, countries, institutions, journals, authors, references, and keywords. Results: A total of 1,591 studies were included in the analysis, and the research in the field of PA on anxiety or depression has consistently expanded. The USA (304 publications), Harvard University (93 publications), and the journal of affective disorders (97 publications) were the countries, institutions, and journals that published the highest number of articles, respectively. According to the keywords, students and pregnant women, adult neurogenesis, and Tai Chi were the groups of concern, physiological and pathological mechanisms, and the type of PA of interest, respectively. Conclusion: The study of PA on anxiety or depression is experiencing ongoing expansion. Clinicians can consider advising patients to take mind-body exercise to improve mood. In addition, future researchers can explore the mind-body exercise and its impact on anxiety or depression, PA and anxiety or depression in specific populations, and adult neurogenesis of various exercise in anxiety or depression.

Supplements for cognitive ability in patients with mild cognitive impairment or Alzheimer's disease: a protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.

INTRODUCTION: Considering the increasing incidence of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) worldwide, there is an urgent need to identify efficacious, safe and convenient treatments. Numerous investigations have been conducted on the use of supplements in this domain, with oral supplementation emerging as a viable therapeutic approach for AD or MCI. Nevertheless, given the multitude of available supplements, it becomes imperative to identify the optimal treatment regimen. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Eight academic databases and three clinical trial registries will be searched from their inception to 1 June 2023. To identify randomised controlled trials investigating the effects of supplements on patients with AD or MCI, two independent reviewers (X-YZ and Y-QL) will extract relevant information from eligible articles, while the risk of bias in the included studies will be assessed using the Rob 2.0 tool developed by the Cochrane Collaboration. The primary outcome of interest is the overall cognitive function. Pair-wise meta-analysis will be conducted using RevMan V.5.3, while network meta-analysis will be carried out using Stata 17.0 and ADDIS 1.16.8. Heterogeneity test, data synthesis and subgroup analysis will be performed if necessary. The GRADE system will be employed to assess the quality of evidence. This study is scheduled to commence on 1 June 2023 and conclude on 1 October 2023. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: Ethics approval is not required for systematic review and network meta-analysis. The results will be submitted to a peer-reviewed journal or at a conference. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO (CRD42023414700).

The effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress in animal models of vascular dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Growing evidence showed that acupuncture may improve cognitive function by reducing oxidative stress, key to the pathogenesis in vascular dementia (VaD), but this is yet to be systematically analysed. This study aimed to summarize and evaluate the effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress in animal models of VaD. METHOD: Eight databases including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane library, CNKI, Wan Fang, CBM, and VIP were searched since their establishment until April 2023, for studies that reported the effect of acupuncture on oxidative stress in VaD animal models. Relevant literature was screened, and information was extracted by two reviewers. The primary outcomes were the levels of oxidative stress indicators. The methodological quality was assessed via the SYRCLE Risk of Bias Tool. Statistical analyses were performed using the RevMan and Stata software. RESULTS: In total, 22 studies with 747 animals were included. The methodology of most studies had flaws or uncertainties. The meta-analysis indicated that, overall, acupuncture significantly reduced the expression of pro-oxidants including reactive oxygen species (standardized mean differences [SMDs] = -4.29, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -6.26, -2.31), malondialdehyde (SMD = -2.27, 95% CI: -3.07, -1.47), nitric oxide (SMD = -0.85, 95% CI: -1.50, -0.20), and nitric oxide synthase (SMD = -1.01, 95% CI: -1.69, -0.34) and enhanced the levels of anti-oxidants including super oxide dismutase (SMD = 2.80, 95% CI: 1.98, 3.61), glutathione peroxidase (SMD = 1.32, 95% CI: -0.11, 2.76), and catalase (SMD = 1.31, 95% CI: 0.05, 2.58) in VaD animal models. In subgroup analyses, acupuncture showed significant effects on most variables. Only partial modelling methods and treatment duration could interpret the heterogeneity of some outcomes. CONCLUSION: Acupuncture may inhibit oxidative stress to improve cognitive deficits in animal models of VaD. Nevertheless, the methodological quality is unsatisfactory. More high-quality research with a rigorous design and further experimental researches and clinical trials are needed to confirm these findings. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION: This study was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023411720).

[In vitro study on cytotoxicity, osteogenic potential and antibacterial activity of silicate root canal sealers].

PURPOSE: To evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility and antibacterial activity of a new type of strontium silicate-based C-Root SP root canal sealer, and to provide a reference for clinical selection of sealers. METHODS: C-Root SP, iRoot SP and AH Plus extracts were prepared, L929 cells and MC3T3-E1 cells were cultured in vitro, and the cytotoxicity and osteogenic potential of the three sealers were compared. Fresh sealers were mixed with Enterococcus faecalis solution and the antibacterial activity of the sealer was determined by direct contact text (DCT). SPSS 25.0 software package was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: At 24, 48, and 72 h, the cytotoxicity of the sealers in each group were significantly different (P＜0.01). Compared with AH Plus, the cytotoxicity of C-Root SP was lower (P＜0.01). C-Root SP was superior to AH Plus in promoting the activity of alkaline phosphatase(ALP) (P＜0.01). iRoot SP was the strongest in promoting the formation of mineralized nodules, followed by C-Root SP, and the weakest was AH Plus(P＜0.01). C-Root SP inhibited the growth of Enterococcus faecalis, and its antibacterial rate was significantly higher than AH Plus(P＜0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The strontium silicate root canal sealer C-Root SP has low cytotoxicity, certain osteogenic potential and antibacterial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, so it can be used for root canal filling.

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for postpartum hypogalactia: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis.

INTRODUCTION: Breast milk is recognised as the best natural food for neonates, but many women experience postpartum hypogalactia (PH). Randomised trials have found that acupuncture exert therapeutic effect on women with PH. However, systematic reviews on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture are still lacking; therefore, this systematic review aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PH. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: Six English databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, EBSCO, Scopus, and Web of Science) and four Chinese databases (China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wan-Fang, Chinese Biomedical Literature and Chinese Scientific Journal) will be systematically searched from their establishment to 1 September 2022. Randomised controlled trials of the efficacy of acupuncture for PH will be reviewed. The study selection, data extraction and research quality evaluation will be conducted independently by two reviewers. The primary outcome is the change in serum prolactin level from baseline to the end of treatment. Secondary results include milk secretion volume, total effectiveness rate, degree of mammary fullness, rate of exclusive breast feeding, and adverse events. A meta-analysis will be performed using RevMan V.5.4 statistical software. Otherwise, a descriptive analysis will be conducted. The risk of bias will be assessed using the revised Cochrane risk-of-bias tool. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This systematic review protocol does not require ethical approval because it does not include private information/data of the participants. This article will be published in peer-reviewed journals. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42022351849.

Efficacy and safety of acupuncture for polycystic ovary syndrome: An overview of systematic reviews.

BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the primary cause of anovulatory infertility, bringing serious harm to women's physical and mental health. Acupuncture may be an effective treatment for PCOS. However, systematic reviews (SRs) on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCOS have reported inconsistent results, and the quality of these studies has not been adequately assessed. OBJECTIVE: To summarize and evaluate the current evidence on the efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCOS, as well as to assess the quality and risks of bias of the available SRs. SEARCH STRATEGY: Nine electronic databases (Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database, and China Biology Medicine disc) were searched from their establishment to July 27, 2022. Based on the principle of combining subject words with text words, the search strategy was constructed around search terms for "acupuncture," "polycystic ovary syndrome," and "systematic review." INCLUSION CRITERIA: SRs of randomized controlled trials that explored the efficacy and (or) safety of acupuncture for treating patients with PCOS were included. DATA EXTRACTION AND ANALYSIS: Two authors independently extracted study data according to a predesigned form. Tools for evaluating the methodological quality, risk of bias, reporting quality, and confidence in study outcomes, including A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews 2 (AMSTAR 2), Risk of Bias in Systematic Reviews (ROBIS), Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses for Acupuncture (PRISMA-A), and the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE), were used to score the included SRs. RESULTS: A total of 885 studies were retrieved, and 11 eligible SRs were finally included in this review. The methodological quality of 2 SRs (18.18%) was low, while the other 9 SRs (81.82%) were scored as extremely low. Four SRs (36.36%) were considered to be of low risk of bias. As for reporting quality, the reporting completeness of 9 SRs (81.82%) was more than 70%. Concerning the confidence in study results, 2 study results were considered to have a high quality of evidence (3.13%), 14 (21.88%) a "moderate" quality, 28 (43.75%) a "low" quality, and 20 (31.24%) considered a "very low" quality. Descriptive analyses suggested that combining acupuncture with other medicines can effectively improve the clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) and ovulation rate, and reduce luteinizing hormone/follicle-stimulating hormone ratio, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, and body mass index (BMI). When compared with medicine alone, acupuncture alone also can improve CPR. Further, when compared with no intervention, acupuncture had a better effect in promoting the recovery of menstrual cycle and reducing BMI. Acupuncture was reported to cause no adverse events or some adverse events without serious harm. CONCLUSION: The efficacy and safety of acupuncture for PCOS remains uncertain due to the limitations and inconsistencies of current evidence. More high-quality studies are needed to support the use of acupuncture in PCOS.

Non-pharmacological interventions for behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia: A systematic review and network meta-analysis protocol.

Introduction: Dementia patients often experience behavioral and psychological symptoms (BPSD), which severely affect their quality of life and activities of daily living. Non-pharmacological interventions are effective in treating BPSD, according to multiple clinical trials and systematic reviews. However, the optimal non-pharmacological treatment remains controversial. Therefore, the study aims to evaluate and compare multiple non-pharmacological methods for treating BPSD in order to identify the optimal non-pharmacological intervention. Objective: This study aims to perform a systematic review and network meta-analysis of evidence on non-pharmacological interventions in the treatment of BPSD, which may potentially guide future research and clinical decisions. Methods: In order to select potentially relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs), 10 academic databases and 3 clinical trial registries will be systematically searched from inception until the 1 October 2022. Two researchers will independently extract information from eligible articles. The primary outcome is the severity of BPSD. Herein, Pairwise and Bayesian network meta-analyses will be conducted utilizing STATA 15.0 and ADDIS 1.16.8. Evidence quality will be assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE). Results: Results from this study will be published in peer-reviewed journals or conference reports. Discussion: In this study, we aim to comparatively assess the efficacy of various non-pharmacological treatments for BPSD. Findings from this review will help clinicians to make evidence-based treatment decisions. Systematic review registration: [https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/], identifier [CRD42022352095].

Brain structural and functional changes during menstrual migraine: Relationships with pain.

Objectives: Menstrual migraine (MM) is a special type of migraine associated with the ovarian cycle, which imposes a marked burden on female patients. However, the pathogenesis of MM is not completely understood. We investigated gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity (FC) alterations in patients with MM to explore whether there are changes in resting-state FC (rsFC) in brain regions with structural GMV abnormalities and investigated their relevance to pain and concomitant symptoms. Methods: Seventy-five patients with MM and 54 female healthy controls underwent functional magnetic resonance imaging and examination. The patients completed a patient's headache diary, which included the frequency of migraine attacks, a visual analog scale for pain, a self-rating anxiety scale, and a self-rating depression scale. We used voxel-based morphometry (VBM) to examine the GMV differences between the MM and healthy control groups. The identified brain areas were selected as seeds to assess functional changes in the MM group. Correlation analysis between the altered VBM/rsFC and clinical outcomes was performed. Results: Compared with healthy controls, patients with MM showed decreased GMV in the right anterior cingulum cortex (ACC) and increased GMV in the right superior parietal cortex. Pearson's correlation analysis illustrated that only GMV in the right ACC was associated with visual analogue scale pain scores in the MM group. RsFC with the ACC as the seed showed that patients with MM exhibited increased FC between the ACC and the left inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral angular gyrus, and right precuneus. Correlation analysis showed that the change in FC between the right ACC and the right precuneus was positively correlated with headache frequency, and the change in FC between the right ACC and the right angular gyrus was positively correlated with the depression score. Conclusion: Our results suggested that the ACC may be an important biomarker in MM, and its structural and functional impairments are significantly associated with the severity of pain and pain-related impairment of emotion in patients with MM. These findings demonstrated that headache-associated structural and functional abnormalities in the ACC may can provide integrative evidence on the physiological mechanisms of MM.

Transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation for pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Infertility is a common health problem affecting couples of childbearing age. The proposal of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) solves the problem of infertility to a certain extent. However, the average success rate of IVF-ET is still low. Some studies conclude that transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) could improve pregnancy outcomes in women undergoing IVF-ET, however, there is a lack of comprehensive synthesis and evaluation of existing evidence. Objective: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess whether TEAS is effective and safe to improve the pregnancy outcomes for women undergoing IVF-ET. Methods: Eight online databases were searched from inception to 19 November 2021. In addition, four clinical trial registries were also searched, relevant references were screened, and experts were consulted for possible eligible studies. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that included patients with infertility who underwent IVF and used TEAS as the main adjuvant treatment vs. non-TEAS or mock intervention controls were included. The clinical pregnancy rate (CPR) was considered the primary outcome. High-quality embryo rate (HQER), live birth rate (LBR), biochemical pregnancy rate (BPR), ongoing pregnancy rate (OPR), early miscarriage rate (EMR), birth defects rate (BDR), and adverse events related to interventions were regarded as secondary outcomes. The selection, data extraction, risk of bias assessment, and data synthesis were conducted by two independent researchers using Endnote software V.9.1 and Stata 16.0 software. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) system was used to evaluate the evidence quality of each outcome. Results: There were 19 RCTs involving 5,330 participants included. The results of meta-analyses showed that TEAS can improve CPR [RR = 1.42, 95% CI (1.31, 1.54)], HQER [RR = 1.09, 95% CI (1.05, 1.14)], and BPR [RR = 1.45, 95% CI (1.22, 1.71)] of women underwent IVF-ET with low quality of evidence, and improve LBR [RR = 1.42, 95% CI (1.19, 1.69)] with moderate quality of evidence. There was no significant difference in EMR [RR = 1.08, 95% CI (0.80, 1.45)] and BDR [RR = 0.93, 95% CI (0.13, 6.54)] with very low and moderate quality of evidence, respectively. A cumulative meta-analysis showed that the effective value of TEAS vs. controls was relatively stable in 2018 [RR = 1.52, 95% CI (1.35, 1.71)]. In addition, no serious adverse events associated with TEAS were reported. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that TEAS may be an effective and safe adjuvant treatment for women undergoing IVF-ET to improve pregnancy outcomes. However, the current evidence quality is considered to be limited, and more high-quality RCTs are needed for further verification in the future. Systematic review registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/display_record.php?ID=CRD42021238871, identifier: CRD42021238871.

Infarction Patterns and Recurrent Adverse Cerebrovascular Events in Moyamoya Disease.

For moyamoya disease (MMD) patients who suffered an acute ischemic attack, the infarction patterns on DWI and its association with recurrent adverse cerebrovascular events (ACEs) after bypass surgery remain unknown. 327 patients who suffered an acute ischemic attack and received following revascularization surgery were retrospectively reviewed and were divided into three patterns according to the lesion number and distribution on DWI that obtained within 7 days of onset: no acute infarction (NAI), single acute infarction (SAI), and multiple acute infarctions (MAIs). We used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios (HR) for associations of infarction patterns and the risk of recurrent ACEs and strokes. Over a median follow-up of 41 months (IQR 26-60), there were 61 ACEs and 27 strokes. Compared to the NAI cohort, patients with SAI (HR, 2.92; 95% CI, 1.41-6.05; p = 0.004) and MAIs (HR, 4.44; 95% CI, 2.10-9.41; p < 0.001) were associated with higher risk of ACEs recurrences. In analysis adjusted for age and surgery modalities, the corresponding HR was 2.90 (95% CI: 1.41-5.98) for SAI and 4.10 (95% CI: 1.95-8.63) for MAIs, and this effect remained persistent on further adjustment for several potential confounders. Similar but less precise association was found in separate analysis that only takes into account stroke recurrences. Thus, different infarction patterns on DWI imply different risks of recurrent ACEs, and more attention should be paid to prevent ACEs in MMD patients with MAIs.

[Rule mining of acupoint and medication selection of acupoint application therapy for functional constipation].

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the rules of acupoint and medication selection of acupoint application therapy for functional constipation (FC) by data mining technology. METHODS: The clinical research literature regarding acupoint application therapy for FC from published to February 26, 2020 was searched in CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, SinoMed and PubMed. The prescriptions were extracted, and by using SPSS24.0 and SPSS Modeler14.0 software, the use of high-frequency acupoints and medication was summarized. The association rule analysis, cluster analysis and core prescription analysis of acupoints and medication were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 122 prescriptions of acupoint application therapy were included, involving 32 acupoints. The core prescription of acupoints was Tianshu (ST 25), Dachangshu (BL 25), Shenque (CV 8) and Guanyuan (CV 4). The high-frequency meridians mainly included conception vessel, yangming stomach meridian of foot and taiyang bladder meridian of foot. The core prescription of medication was rheum officinale, mirabilite, immature bitter orange, mangnolia officinalis, common aucklandia root and borneol. CONCLUSION: The use of local acupoint and regulating-qi and purgating medication is an important principle of acupoint application therapy for FC.

[Retrospect and prospect of researches on acupoint property: commemorating the 40th anniversary of Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion's founding].

The researches on acupoint property at modern times have been reviewed. Under the influence of TCM theory and modern technology, acupoint property is classified into generality, individuality and bidirectional regulation. It is affected mainly by acupoint compatibility, intervention measures, body state, etc. The research of acupoint property should be based on the connotation and clinical application of acupoint, adhere to the guidance of TCM theory, strengthen the exploration on the richness of acupoint property, implement the intersection of multi-disciplines to discover the specificity of acupoint, as well as investigate the relevant factors of acupoint property.

Acupuncture for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: An Overview of Systematic Reviews.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the quality of the existing studies and summarize evidence of important outcomes of meta-analyses/systematic reviews (MAs/SRs) of CFS. METHODS: Potentially eligible studies were searched in the following electronic databases from inception to 1 September, 2019: Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), WanFang Database (WF), Web of Science, Embase, PubMed and Cochrane Library. Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the quality of evidence. The methodological quality of the literature was evaluated by A Measure Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews-2 (AMSTAR-2) and the quality of the report was assessed by Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA). The intra-class correlation coefficient was used to assess the consistency of the reviewers, with an overall intraclass correlation coefficient score of 0.967. RESULTS: Ten MAs/SRs were included. The overall conclusions were that acupuncture had good safety and efficacy in the treatment of CFS, but some of these results were contradictory. The GRADE indicated that out of the 17 outcomes, high-quality evidence was provided in 0 (0%), moderate in 3 (17.65%), low in 10 (58.82%), and very low in 4 (23.53%). The results of AMSTAR-2 showed that the methodological quality of all included studies was critically low. The PRISMA statement revealed that 8 articles (80%) were in line with 20 of the 27-item checklist, and 2 articles (20%) matched with 10-19 of the 27 items. CONCLUSION: We found that acupuncture on treating CFS has the advantage for efficacy and safety, but the quality of SRs/MAs of acupuncture for CFS need to be improved.