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【Objective】 To analyze the association between preschool children′s emotional regulation ability and parents′ participation in accompanying picture book reading, in order to provide theoretical reference for improving children′s emotional regulation abilility. 【Methods】 From September to November 2022, preschool children aged 3 - 6 years from Guangfeng County, Yukan County, Wannian County, Yanshan County and Wuyuan County were selected by random cluster stratified sampling method. Mann-Whitney U test or Kruskal-Wallis H test were used to analyze the correlation of different levels of children′s emotional control ability with different demographic characteristics as well as parents′ participation in children′s picture book reading. Multivariate Logistic regression model was used to analyze the correlation between parents′ involvement in picture book reading and children′s emotional control ability. 【Results】 Finally 848 valid questionnaires were collected.The average age of children was (4.33±0.95)years old,with 432 boys and 416 girls. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the temperament control ability(>P75) of preschool children was positively correlated with mother being the main accompanying caregiver (OR=4.17, 95%CI: 2.13 - 8.17), and negatively correlated with father being the main accompanying caregiver (OR=0.38, 95%CI: 0.21 - 0.70) or both parents being the main accompanying caregivers (OR=0.14, 95%CI: 0.07 - 0.28)(P<0.05). The social confidence (father as the main caregiver OR=3.53, 95%CI:1.62 - 7.66; mother as the main caregiver OR=3.52, 95%CI: 1.66 - 7.45) and anxiety control abilities(father as the main caregiver OR=4.32, 95%CI: 1.85 - 10.09; mother as the main caregiver OR=3.39, 95%CI: 1.49 - 7.73) of preschool children were positively correlated with the type of accompanying caregiver(P<0.05). Additionally, the anxiety control ability (>P75) of preschool children was negatively correlated with father′s accompanying frequency (sometimes OR=0.09, 95%CI: 0.03 - 0.28; often OR=0.19, 95%CI: 0.06 - 0.60) and mother′s accompanying duration (<1h/d OR=0.33, 95%CI: 0.12 - 0.91) (P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 The frequency and duration of accompanying reading by father or mother are correlated with the emotional regulation ability of preschool children. Parents can moderately participate in picture book reading to promote the development of preschool children′s emotional control ability.
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The complex chemical composition and limited research ideas of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM） have led to the unclear material basis and mechanism of the medicinal effects， which is a common problem hindering the modernization of TCM in China. The introduction of computer virtual technology has provided a new perspective for TCM research. In this study， we established the research method of structure-activity omics to study the relationships between the structures and effects of different compounds in TCM based on the chemical structures of TCM components and to analyze and predict the material basis and multitarget synergistic mechanism of TCM. Furthermore， a structure-activity omics study was carried out with the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Qizhi Weitong granules as an example. This study provides support for screening the pharmacodynamic components and analyzing the active ingredients of TCM and gives insights into the research on the material basis and mechanism of compound efficacy and the development of lead compounds of TCM， thus promoting the modern research and the innovative development of TCM.
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ObjectiveTo explain the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Corydalis Rhizoma by the means of structure-activity omics. MethodOn the basis of the previous in vitro screening study， we studied the in vivo efficacy of the alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma. With the targets as a bridge， the structures of chemical components in Corydalis Rhizoma were connected with the efficacy. The molecular docking of the alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma with the targets of inflammation and pain was carried out. According to the docking scores and the differences in the structural nucleus of Corydalis Rhizoma alkaloids， a study of structure-activity omics was carried out to summarize the rules of their connection. ResultThe alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma had good anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects in vivo， involving 53 chemical components and 73 targets. There were 3 074 targets associated with inflammation and pain， and 42 targets of direct action were shared by the chemical components and the disease. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） and molecular docking analysis predicted that the main active components of Corydalis Rhizoma were tetrahydropalmatine and palmatine， and the core targets were prostaglandin endoperoxide synthase 2 （PTGS2）， glutamate receptor metabotropic 5 （GRM5）， estrogen receptor 1 （ESR1）， solute carrier family 6 member 4 （SLC6A4）， and fusion oncoproteins （FOS）. According to the differences of mother nucleus， the 53 alkaloid components of Corydalis Rhizoma were classified into 8 categories， including protoberberine， berberine， and aporphine， which had high binding affinities with PTGS2， GRM5 and other targets. The relationship between the structures of Corydalis Rhizoma alkaloids and docking scores in each group showed the same law. In protoberberine， appropriate substituents with hydroxyl， alkoxy or methyl groups on the A and D rings of the parent ring were conducive to enhancing the binding activities with the two targets. In berberine， the structure containing a methyl group on position 13 had strong binding affinities with the two targets. It is hypothesized that the methyl fragment changes the binding mode between the component structure and amino acid residues， which greatly improves the binding affinity. ConclusionThis study employs the method of structure-activity omics to analyze the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of alkaloids in Corydalis Rhizoma， and the structure-activity omics provides new ideas for revealing the pharmacodynamic substances of traditional Chinese medicine.
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ObjectiveTo identify the pharmacodynamic substances for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bupleuri Radix by structure-activity omics. MethodA mouse model of pain was established with formaldehyde to examine the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of saikosaponins in vivo. The core targets of the active components in Bupleurum Radix for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were screened from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform （TCMSP）， Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， and Search Tool for Recurring Instances of Neighbouring Genes （STRING）. The key core targets with high binding affinity were screened based on the comprehensive score in the molecular docking between different types of saikosaponins and core targets. The structure-activity relationship was discussed and analyzed based on the binding of compounds to pharmacodynamic targets. ResultSaikosaponins alleviated the foot swelling induced by formaldehyde and reduced the content of prostaglandin E2 （PGE2） in the mouse model， showcasing a significant inhibitory effect on the inflammatory pain caused by PGE2. Nine components and 39 targets of saikosaponins， as well as 3 074 targets of anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects were screened out， and 22 common targets shared by saikosaponins and the effects were obtained as the direct targets. The protein-protein interaction （PPI） analysis showed that the main active components of Bupleurum Radix were saikosaponins a， b1， b2， b3， c， d， e， f， and v， and the key targets were fms-related receptor tyrosine kinase 1 （FLT1）， kinase insert domain receptor （KDR）， fibroblast growth factor 2 （FGF2）， vascular endothelial growth factor A （VEGFA）， and signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3）. Molecular docking between saikosaponins and the top 5 targets with high degrees in PPI network analysis revealed 25 highly active docks， including 6 docks with scores of 5-6 and 18 docks with scores above 6. ConclusionThis study adopted structural-activity omics to analyze the material basis for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of Bupleuri Radix in vivo， providing new ideas and methods for identifying the pharmacodynamic substances in traditional Chinese medicine.
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OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to assess the impact of bisphenol A (BPA) and its substitute, bisphenol F (BPF), on the colonic fecal community structure and function of mice.@*METHODS@#We exposed 6-8-week-old male C57BL/6 mice to 5 mg/(kg∙day) and 50 μg/(kg∙day) of BPA or BPF for 14 days. Fecal samples from the colon were analyzed using 16S rRNA sequencing.@*RESULTS@#Gut microbiome community richness and diversity, species composition, and function were significantly altered in mice exposed to BPA or BPF. This change was characterized by elevated levels of Ruminococcaceae UCG-010 and Oscillibacter and decreased levels of Prevotella 9 and Streptococcus. Additionally, pathways related to carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism showed substantial enrichment.@*CONCLUSION@#Mice exposed to different BP analogs exhibited distinct gut bacterial community richness, composition, and related metabolic pathways. Considering the essential role of gut bacteria in maintaining intestinal homeostasis, our study highlights the intestinal toxicity of BPs in vertebrates.
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Male , Animals , Mice , Gastrointestinal Microbiome , Mice, Inbred C57BL , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity , Bacteria/genetics , PhenolsABSTRACT
Background: Loss to follow-up (LTFU) is a significant barrier to the completion of anti-tuberculosis (TB) treatment and a major predictor of TB-associated deaths. Currently, research on LTFU-related factors in China is both scarce and inconsistent. Methods: We collected information from the TB observation database of the National Clinical Research Center for Infectious Diseases. The data of all patients who were documented as LTFU were assessed retrospectively and compared with those of patients who were not LTFU. Descriptive epidemiology and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify the factors associated with LTFU. Results: A total of 24,265 TB patients were included in the analysis. Of them, 3,046 were categorized as LTFU, including 678 who were lost before treatment initiation and 2,368 who were lost afterwards. The previous history of TB was independently associated with LTFU before treatment initiation. Having medical insurance, chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis, and providing an alternative contact were independent predictive factors for LTFU after treatment initiation. Conclusion: Loss to follow-up is frequent in the management of patients with TB and can be predicted using patients' treatment history, clinical characteristics, and socioeconomic factors. Our research illustrates the importance of early assessment and intervention after diagnosis. Targeted measures can improve patient engagement and ultimately treatment adherence, leading to better health outcomes and disease control.
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Objective:To explore the pharmacokinetics effect of 8 components of processed Baizhu Shaoyao San on rats.Methods:The rats were divided into processing group and unprocessing group, administered with decoction of Baizhu Shaoyao San by gavage respectively. Then, blood was collected from fundus vein at certain time to obtain the plasma. Finally, the contents of 8 components in plasma were detected and compared by UPLC-MS/MS method, and the methodology of the experiment was tested. The drug concentration in blood and the collection time of blood were analyzed by DAS software, and the time curves of different groups were obtained, the pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated.Results:The blood peak concentration, peak time, area under the drug time curve, and average residence time of 8 components in the serum of rats in the raw product group and the fried product group were different to varying degrees.Conclusion:Processed Baizhu Shaoyao San could influence the behavior of the components measured in rats, which may affect the clinical therapeutic effect of Baizhu Shaoyao San.
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Objective:To summarize the best evidence of psychological intervention for patients receiving assisted reproductive technology (ART).Methods:All evidence on psychological interventions for patients receiving ART was searched in UpToDate, BMJ Best Practice, Joanna Briggs Institute, GIN, NICE, NGC, SIGN, CMA Infobase, Cochrane Library, PubMed, Web of Science, CINHAL, Embase, psycINFO, China Guideline Clearinghouse (CGC), guides in medlive.cn, CNKI, Wanfang Data, SinoMed, and VIP databases. The evidence retrieved included clinical practice, recommendations, guidelines, expert opinions, consensus, systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and the search time limit was from the establishment of the database to January 2023. Two researchers conducted evidence extraction, aggregation, and quality evaluation.Results:A total of 797 references were obtained at the initial retrieval, and 27 papers were finally included, including 1 clinical best practice, 2 guidelines, 1 recommended practice, and 23 systematic evaluations. The evidence summary summarized 16 best evidences, including four aspects of psychological assessment, psychological intervention, drug treatment and personnel training for ART patients, of which 50% were class 1 evidences and 87.5% of the evidences were recommended with strength A.Conclusions:Enhanced personnel training in assisted reproduction facilities and early identification of the psychological state of infertile patients by medical staff and targeted psychological intervention or medication are the key to improving the psychological status of ART patients.
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Enzymes are closely associated with the onset and progression of numerous diseases, making enzymes a primary target in innovative drug development. However, the challenge remains in identifying compounds that exhibit potent inhibitory effects on the target enzymes. With the continuous expansion of the total number of natural products and increasing difficulty in isolating and enriching new compounds, traditional high-throughput screening methods are finding it increasingly challenging to meet the demands of new drug development. Virtual screening, characterized by its high efficiency and low cost, has gradually become an indispensable technology in drug development. It represents a prominent example of the integration of artificial intelligence with biopharmaceuticals and is an inevitable trend in the rapid development of innovative drug screening in the future. Therefore, this article primarily focused on systematically reviewing the recent applications of virtual screening technology in the development of enzyme inhibitors and explored the prospects and advantages of using this technology in developing new drugs, aiming to provide essential theoretical insights and references for the application of related technologies in the field of new drug development.
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Artificial Intelligence , Enzyme Inhibitors/pharmacology , High-Throughput Screening Assays , Molecular Docking SimulationABSTRACT
AIM:To explore the correlation and consistency of three tear assessment methods in the diagnosis of dry eye, which include the Schirmer Ⅰ test(SⅠt), tear meniscus height(TMH)measurement and a new generation of tear detection technology-Strip meniscometry tube(SMTube).METHODS: A diagnostic test study. A total of 183 dry eye outpatients(183 right eyes)in the Dry Eye Center of Henan Eye Hospital were enrolled from May to June 2021. The SⅠt, TMH and SMTube were performed on all patients, and the correlation and consistency of the measurement results were analyzed.RESULTS:The ocular surface disease index(OSDI)of all included patients was 43.75(31.25, 58.33), noninvasive breakup time(NIBUT)was 7.26(4.97, 9.37)s, and the results of SⅠt, TMH and SMTube were 6(2, 12)mm/5min, 0.18(0.14, 0.22)mm and 5(3,8)mm/5s, respectively; The results of correlation analysis: TMH was positively correlated with SMTube(rs=0.751, P<0.001), however, SⅠt had no correlation with TMH(rs=0.139, P=0.060)and SMTube(rs=0.019, P=0.799). The results of consistency analysis: TMH showed good consistency with SMTube(Kappa=0.794, P=0.044), however, SⅠt showed poor consistency with TMH(Kappa=0.271, P=0.074)and SMTube(Kappa=0.193, P=0.070)respectively.CONCLUSION:SMTube is a new, simple and convenient tool for evaluating tear volume. It has a good correlation and consistency with TMH measurement results. Therefore, it can replace TMH measurement, but cannot replace SⅠt in clinical application.
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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the association between periconceptional supplementation of folic acid or multiple-micronutrients containing folic acid(MMFA) and risk of preterm delivery in women with natural conception, singleton pregnancy and vaginal delivery.@*METHODS@#A retrospective cohort study was performed based on the prenatal health care system and hospital information system of Tongzhou Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Beijing and the women who had their prenatal care in the hospital from January 2015 to December 2018 were included. The information of 16 332 women who conceived naturally, had a singleton pregnancy, and delivered vaginally was collected. Compliance scores were constructed based on the time of initiation and the frequency of taking nutritional supplements. The association between maternal periconceptional micronutrient supplementation, including pure folic acid (FA) pills or MMFA and the rate of preterm delivery was evaluated using Logistic regression models.@*RESULTS@#The preterm delivery rate (gestational week < 37 weeks) of the study population was 3.8%, and the mean (standard deviation) of gestational age was (38.98±1.37) weeks. A total of 6 174 (37.8%) women took FA during the periconceptional period, 8 646 (52.9%) women took MMFA, and 1 512 (9.3%) women did not take any nutritional supplements. The association between periconceptional supplementation of FA or MMFA and risk of preterm delivery in women was not statistically significant [adjusted odds ratio (aOR)=1.01, 95%CI: 0.74-1.37]. The associations with preterm birth were not statistically significant in further analysis by the type of nutritional supplements, time of initiation, and the frequency of supplementation. In addition, the association between the compliance score of taking supplements and the rate of preterm delivery was not statistically significant, either.@*CONCLUSION@#This study did not find an association between the risk of preterm delivery and the use of FA or MMFA during the periconcep-tional period in women with natural conception, singleton pregnancy, and vaginal delivery. In the future, multicenter studies with large-scale prospective cohort or population-based randomized controlled trials are warranted to confirm the association between taking FA or MMFA during the periconceptional period and preterm delivery among women.
Subject(s)
Pregnancy , Female , Child , Infant, Newborn , Humans , Infant , Male , Folic Acid , Premature Birth/prevention & control , Prospective Studies , Retrospective Studies , Dietary Supplements , MicronutrientsABSTRACT
AIMS: The optimal immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) remains uncertain. This study aimed to observe the disease course of MOG-ON and evaluate the therapeutic efficacy and tolerability of conventional immunosuppressants through Chinese cohort analysis. METHODS: This bidirectional cohort study included 121 patients with MOG-ON between January 2015 and December 2018. The clinical features and annualised relapse rate (ARR) of patients with and without IST were analysed. RESULTS: The median age at onset was 17.5 years, and the sex ratio (F:M) was 1.24. Of 121 patients, 77 patients relapsed and 61 patients were younger than 18 years at disease onset. The overall median ARR of 63 patients in the non-IST group was 0.5, with 46.0% patients showing relapse at a median follow-up of 33.5 months. In the IST group, the ARR decreased from 1.75 pre-IST to 0.00 post-IST in 53 patients who received IST exceeding 6 months, with 20.8% patients showing relapse at a median follow-up of 23.8 months. The relapse rates of patients treated with rituximab (RTX) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) were not statistically different, but the rate of discontinuation was significantly lower in the RTX-treated group (18.2% vs 57.7%, p=0.0017). CONCLUSION: This study provides Class III evidence that both MMF and RTX may lower disease activity in patients with MOG-ON, and RTX showed better tolerability than MMF. However, observation after a single attack remains a good option because less than half of patients not on treatment suffered a relapse.
Subject(s)
Mycophenolic Acid , Optic Neuritis , Humans , Myelin-Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein , Mycophenolic Acid/therapeutic use , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Cohort Studies , Autoantibodies , Optic Neuritis/drug therapy , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Immunosuppression Therapy , RecurrenceABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To explore the association of maternal periconceptional folic acid or multiple micronutrients supplementation during periconceptional period and the serum vitamin E (Vit.E) concentration in the 1st trimester of gestational period.@*METHODS@#A retrospective cohort study was conducted based on the prenatal health care system and clinical laboratory information system. Totally, 22 171 pregnant women who had their prenatal health care and gave birth in Tongzhou Maternal & Child Health Hospital of Beijing from Jan. 2016 to Dec. 2018 were recruited. The usage patterns of nutritional supplements [folic acid (FA) or multiple micronutrients (MM)] during periconceptional period were independent variables, and serum Vit.E concentration and serum Vit.E concentration≥11.2 mg/L in the 1st trimester of gestational period were outcome variables for generalized linear regression model and Logistic regression model, respectively, to analyze the relationships between the independent and outcome variables.@*RESULTS@#The range of the serum Vit.E concentration in the 1st trimester of gestational period was 5.2-24.0 mg/L, and the median concentration was 10.1 (8.8-11.6) mg/L; the excess rate of the serum Vit.E of those who took MM supplementation was 0.3%, and the rates for the groups of FA only or no nutritional supplements used were both 0.1%. Compared with women without nutritional supplement or the women taking FA, the women who took MM had higher serum Vit.E levels in the 1st trimester of gestational period (both P < 0.05). The women taking FA or MM initiated before the conception showed that the serum Vit.E concentration in the 1st trimester of gestational period was higher than that after the conception (P < 0.05), and the serum Vit.E concentration of women who took regularly was higher than that of irregular taking (P < 0.05); with taking compliance elevated, the serum Vit.E concentration of the two groups of women taking FA or MM increased (P < 0.05). The risk of serum Vit.E concentration≥11.2 mg/L among the women taking MM was higher than that of the women without nutritional supplements or taking FA only [odds ratio (OR)=1.36, 95% confidence interval (95%CI): 1.21-1.53; OR=1.39, 95%CI: 1.31-1.48)]; women who took FA or MM showed a lower risk for serum Vit.E concentration≥11.2 mg/L of taking it after the conception than before, the ORs (95%CI) were 0.86 (95%CI: 0.77-0.96) and 0.88 (95%CI: 0.81-0.95), respectively; the women taking the two supplements regularly had higher risk for serum Vit.E concentration≥11.2 mg/L than irregular taking, the ORs (95%CI) were 1.16 (95%CI: 1.05-1.29) and 1.13 (95%CI: 1.04-1.22) for FA and MM users, respectively; with the compliance increasing, the women taking MM had a higher risk of serum Vit.E levels≥11.2 mg/L in the 1st trimester [OR (95%CI) was 1.10 (1.07-1.14)], but for FA users, the OR (95%CI) was 1.04(1.00-1.08).@*CONCLUSION@#Vit.E nutritional status in women in early gestational period in Beijing was generally good, and the excess rate of serum Vit.E was higher in women who took MM during periconceptional period than those without nutritional supplement or taking FA only, suggesting that women need to consider their own Vit.E nutritional status to choose the type of nutritional supplements during periconceptional period, so as to avoid related health hazards.
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Child , Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Dietary Supplements , Folic Acid , Retrospective Studies , Vitamin E , VitaminsABSTRACT
Objective:To retrospectively analyze the prognosis and related risk factors of lymph node metastasis in early-stage (Ⅰ B-Ⅱ A) cervical cancer patients with postoperative positive lymph nodes who were treated with intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted for 292 early-stage cervical cancer patients with postoperative high and/or moderate risk factors who were treated with pelvic-abdominal IMRT with/without concurrent chemotherapy in Ningxia Medical University General Hospital from January 2016 to December 2018. These patients included 239 with negative pelvic lymph nodes and 53 with positive lymph nodes, who were incorporated into the negative group and the positive group, respectively. Multivariate and univariate analyses of the risk factors of lymph node metastasis and prognosis were performed for both groups.Results:The univariate and multivariate analyses showed that the lesion ≥4 cm, deep interstitial invasion, and the number of risk factors were independent factors influencing pelvic lymph node metastasis ( χ2 = 7.11, 9.05, 90.08, P < 0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the 3- and 5-year OS ( P>0.05) between both groups. The 3-year disease-free survival (DFS) and 5-year DFS of the negative group were 87.6% and 84.5%, respectively, and those of the positive group were 72.5% and 69.3%, respectively ( χ2=8.59, P=0.003). Regarding failure modes, distant metastasis mainly occurred in the positive group, while local recurrence was dominant in the negative group ( χ2=9.40, P<0.05). The univariate analysis of the DFS in 53 patients with postoperative positive lymph nodes showed that deep interstitial invasion affected DFS, with statistically significant differences ( χ2 = 7.25, P < 0.05). The result of the multivariate analysis showed that the lesion size >4 cm, positive residual, and deep interstitial invasion significantly influenced the DFS ( χ2 = 4.37, 4.69, 4.39, P < 0.05). Conclusions:The lesion size, deep interstitial invasion, and risk factor number were independent factors influencing lymph node metastasis, and the DFS after radiotherapy of patients with pelvic lymph node metastasis was significantly lower than the patients with negative lymph nodes. The main recurrence type of patients with lymph node metastasis was distant metastasis. Moreover, the deep interstitial invasion was independent factor affecting the DFS of early-stage cervical cancer patients with postoperative positive lymph nodes.
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Objective:To retrospectively analyze the differences of survival, recurrence, acute side effects and prognostic factors between early stage (stage ⅠB-ⅡA) cervical cancer patients with intermediate risk factors receiving postoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) or radiotherapy (RT) alone.Methods:Clinical data of 211 patients with intermediate risk factors after early stage cervical cancer surgery admitted to Department of Radiation Oncology of General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University from January 2016 to December 2018, were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 91 cases were assigned in the RT group and 120 cases in CCRT group. The 3- and 5-year overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), recurrence and acute side effects were compared between two groups by Chi-square test. Univariate analysis of OS and PFS was performed by Kaplan-Meier method and log-rank test was performed. Multivariate prognostic analysis was conducted by using Cox model. Results:The 3- and 5-year OS of 211 patients were 95.0% and 93.8%, respectively. The 3- and 5-year PFS were 86.8% and 83.2%, respectively. The OS of CCRT and RT group were 93.9%, 96.5% (3-year), 91.8%, 96.5% (5-year) respectively ( χ2=1.763, P=0.184), and the PFS were 84.4%, 89.9% (3-year), 79.3%, 88.3% (5-year) ( χ2=2.619 ,P=0.106), with no difference between the two groups. The total recurrence rate was 15.64%, and there was no significant difference in the recurrence rate and recurrence area between two groups ( χ2=2.623 ,P=0.105; χ2=6.745 ,P=0.080). Locoregional recurrence and lung metastasis were the main patterns of failure. Multivariate prognostic analysis showed that pathological type might significantly affect the OS ( χ2=3.849, P=0.05), and depth of invasion significantly affected the PFS ( χ2=4.095, P=0.043). The incidence of acute gastrointestinal side effect and bone marrow suppression in the CCRT group was significantly higher than that in the RT group ( χ2=56.425, 27.833; both P<0.001). Conclusions:Patients with intermediate risk factors after early cervical cancer surgery obtain high efficacy after radiotherapy. The main patterns of failure are locoregional recurrence and lung metastasis. The pathological type may be an independent prognostic factor of OS and the depth of invasion is an independent prognostic factor of PFS. Compared with RT, CCRT increases the risk of acute gastrointestinal side effects and myelosuppression, which can be tolerated. There is no significant difference in the clinical efficacy between RT and CCRT, which remains to be validated by large sample size studies.
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Objective:To investigate the sleep of infants aged 0 to 5 months and explore its association with feeding patterns.Methods:A cross-sectional survey on infant sleep was conducted from February to August 2019 using "Brief Infant Sleep Questionnaire" posted on a WeChat public account, which mainly included two dimensions of sleep duration and habits. In addition, information on maternal and infant characteristics as well as feeding patterns was also collected. Multiple linear regression and multinomial logistic regression were used to analyze the association between sleep and feeding patterns.Results:This study included 28 444 singleton infants aged 0 to 5 months and their mothers from 31 provincial-level administrative regions in mainland China. The median sleep duration of infants at night and during the day was 9 h and 6 h, respectively. These infants sharing the bed with their parents accounted for 53.5% (15 221/28 444). Of all infants, 46.0% (13 092/28 444) slept on their backs; 84.7% (24 078/28 444) woke up two times or more at night; 58.3% (16 597/28 444) stayed awake 2 h or more at night; 89.7% (25 523/28 444) had a sleep latency of 1 h or more. Falling asleep while being fed was the most common way to fall asleep (40.2%, 11 426/28 444). The numbers of infants who were exclusively breastfed, exclusively formula-fed and mixed-fed were 7 164 (25.2%), 4 097 (14.4%) and 17 183 (60.4%), respectively. Compared with exclusively breastfed infants, exclusively formula-fed infants slept for shorter periods at night (a β=－0.14, 95% CI:－0.22 to－0.06, P<0.05), while mixed-fed infants slept longer (a β=0.08, 95% CI: 0.02-0.13, P<0.05). Exclusively formula-fed infants had less overall sleep time than recommended ( aOR=1.10, 95% CI: 1.00-1.21, P<0.05). Exclusively formula-fed and mixed-fed infants were less likely to sleep in cribs in separate rooms ( aOR=0.50, 95% CI: 0.44-0.56; aOR=0.35, 95% CI: 0.32-0.38; both P<0.05). Exclusively formula-fed infants were less likely to share the bed with their parents ( aOR=0.91, 95% CI: 0.83-0.99, P<0.05), but the likelihood in mixed-fed infants was high ( aOR=1.19, 95% CI: 1.11-1.27, P<0.05). Mixed-fed infants were more likely to sleep on their backs ( aOR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.06-1.18, P<0.05). Exclusively formula-fed infants were more likely to stay awake for four hours or more at night ( aOR=1.12, 95% CI: 1.01-1.25, P<0.05). Conclusions:Exclusively breastfeeding was the best feeding pattern for infant sleep quantity. But much attention should be paid to sleeping habits including sleeping place and sleeping position associated with exclusively breastfeeding to improve infant sleep and feeding.
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OBJECTIVES: Short-term outcome evaluation for the correction of unilateral cleft lip deformity with a new technique. METHODS: Forty-four patients with unilateral cleft lip deformity were included in the study and in which the orbicularis oris muscle was reconstructed to achieve the optimal force balance of reconstructed orbicularis oris. The photometric two-dimensional indexes, including the philtrum oblique angle and asymmetry ratios (lip height, lip width, vertical distance from the white roll to the vermilion bottom at the Cupid's bow point, and vertical distance from the Cupid 's bow points to facial midline), were employed to measure and evaluate the outcome. RESULTS: Several indexes showed statistically significant difference, and they included the philtrum oblique angle, asymmetry ratio of the lip height, and asymmetry ratio of the vertical distance from the white roll to the vermilion bottom at Cupid ' s bow points (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggested that the new muscle reconstruction technique can significantly improve the short-term outcome of the correction of unilateral cleft lip deformity.
Subject(s)
Cleft Lip , Plastic Surgery Procedures , Cleft Lip/surgery , Facial Muscles/surgery , Humans , Lip , Mouth MucosaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the postoperative outcome of the new and classical muscular reconstruction technique combined with nasal internal-fixation method for secondary deformity post unilateral cleft lip repair. A rationale is provided for the further surgical improvement of secondary deformities. METHODS: Sixty patients aged 4-18 years with secondary unilateral cleft lip-nose deformity were involved in this research. The deformities of 28 patients were repaired using the muscular force balance technique through nasal internal fixation method, and 32 were repaired using classical muscular reconstruction technique. Two-dimensional analysis was used to evaluate the nose-lip morphology of pre- and post-operative patients through standardized photographs seven days after surgery. RESULTS: Compared with preoperative nasal morphology in the muscular force balance technique group, the 7-days postoperative results of this group showed the significantly improved short-term outcomes in the correction of columellar deflection, alar rim angle, nasal shape, and the symmetry of alar base width, nostril width, nostril height, alar rim angle (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The new muscular reconstruction technique with nasal internal-fixation method has a significant effect on nasal repair.
Subject(s)
Cleft Lip , Rhinoplasty , Cleft Lip/surgery , Humans , Nose/surgery , Postoperative Period , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The orbicularis oris muscle exhibits a deficiency in cleft lip patients. Compared with the somite-derived limb muscles, the regeneration performance of the branchiomeric orofacial muscle has seldom been investigated. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to explore the possibility of augmenting the orbicularis oris muscle through the stimulus of Wnt7a. METHODS: Adult rat orbicularis oris muscle and tibialis anterior muscle were injected with recombinant human Wnt7a protein. The muscles were harvested at different time points after Wnt7a delivery. Muscle regeneration-related activity, including cell proliferation, stem cell proportion, myofiber plasticity, and total fiber number, was examined. RESULTS: Adult rat orbicularis oris muscle and tibialis anterior muscle exhibit similar regeneration-related activities after Wnt7a administration. Recombinant human Wnt7a administration resulted in enhanced cell proliferation, stem cell expansion, and fiber type remodelling in rat orbicularis oris muscle. In addition, newly formed myofibers were detected, contributing to an increased total fiber number. CONCLUSION: Wnt7a induces vigorous regeneration in rat orbicularis oris muscle. This study helps lay a foundation for developing biotherapies to combat orofacial muscle deficiency.
ABSTRACT
Prostate cancer (PCa) is one of the most common types of malignancy, most patients with PCa will eventually progress to metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC), which has a poor prognosis. Since 2004, chemotherapy has been approved by the FDA as the first-line treatment for mCRPC, and docetaxel-based regimens have been shown to improve both the patients' symptoms and overall survival (OS). 10 cycles of docetaxel therapy are usually given to patients with mCPRC, but there is still no consensus on the optimal number of treatment cycles. Here, we present three cases of mCRPC patients that received maintenance long-term multiple-cycles docetaxel treatment. We believe that this new treatment strategy may benefit carefully selected mCRPC patients and provide several key advantages such as maximum exposure to drugs, improvements in drug efficacy, and reduce the risk of developing drug resistance.