Research progress on the relationship between cognitive impairment in diabetes and NF-kappaB and its re-lated factors / 医学研究生学报

Cognitive impairment in diabetes ( CID) is one of the complications of diabetes .The features of mild or moderate cognitive disorder and the decread abilities in memory and studying are the main symptoms of CID .But it′s mechanism is still un-known .NF-κB is the original signal activator , it can activate other signal pathway of cell dysfunction .With the influence of hyperglyce-mia and oxidative stress, the expression of NF-κB is enhanced, that leads to the changes of the expression of NOS , MMP-9, TNF-α, then, these changes lead to the apoptosis of hippocampus neuron cell .This review focuses on NF-κB in order to provide evidences in studying CID by reviewing the relationship between NF-κB and it′s relative factors of NOS, MMP-9, TNF-αand CID.

NLK functions to maintain proliferation and stemness of NSCLC and is a target of metformin.

OBJECTIVE: Nemo-like kinase (NLK) is an evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinase that regulates the activity of a wide range of signal transduction pathways. Metformin, an oral antidiabetic drug, is used for cancer prevention. However, the significance and underlying mechanism of NLK and metformin in oncogenesis has not been fully elucidated. Here, we investigate a novel role of NLK and metformin in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: NLK expression was analyzed in 121 NSCLCs and 92 normal lung tissue samples from benign pulmonary disease. Lentivirus vectors with NLK-shRNA were used to examine the effect of NLK on cell proliferation and tumorigenesis in vitro. Then, tumor xenograft mouse models revealed that NLK knockdown cells had a reduced ability for tumor formation compared with the control group in vivo. Multiple cell cycle regulator expression patterns induced by NLK silencing were examined by western blots in A549 cells. We also employed metformin to study its anti-cancer effects and mechanisms. Cancer stem cell property was checked by tumor sphere formation and markers including CD133, Nanog, c-Myc, and KLF4. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical (IHC) analysis revealed that NLK expression was up-regulated in NSCLC cases (p < 0.001) and correlated with tumor T stage (p < 0.05). Silencing of NLK suppressed cell proliferation and tumorigenicity significantly in vitro and in vivo, which might be modulated by JUN family proteins. Furthermore, metformin selectively inhibits NLK expression and proliferation in NSCLC cells, but not immortalized noncancerous lung bronchial epithelial cells. In addition, both NLK knockdown and metformin treatment reduced the tumor sphere formation capacity and percentage of CD133+ cells. Accordingly, the expression level of stem cell markers (Nanog, c-Myc, and KLF4) were decreased significantly [corrected]. CONCLUSION: NLK is critical for cancer cell cycle progression, and tumorigenesis in NSCLC, NLK knockdown, and metformin treatment inhibit cancer cell proliferation and stemness. Metformin inhibits NLK expression and might be a potential treatment strategy for NSCLC.

Research progress on the relationship between VEGF, PKC expression and cognitive impairment in the hippocampus and retinal tissue / 医学研究生学报

Hippocampus is an important structure of neural memory circuit , which plays an important role in learning and memory integration in human and animal .Vision is the most important channel for people to accept information , while the vision system is the most common organ contacting information from outside .The retina as an important part of the visual system , plays a key role in human cognition of the objective world .The study found that many of pathological changes of the body will make the patients cognitive function decline , but molecular mechanism remains unclear .With the research on cognitive dysfunction was penetrated , the link be-tween how VEGF , PKC expression in hippocampus and retinal tissue and cognitive dysfunction was reviewed in this article .

Effect of follow-ups on medical compliance behaviors and quality of life of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease / 现代临床护理

ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of follow-ups on medical compliance behaviors and quality of life of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).Methods One hundred GERD patients who were hospitalized in our department from June 2012 to June 2013 were divided into intervention group (n=50) and control group (n=50) according to the random number table. Both groups received the same drug treatment and conventional nursing during hospitalization.The control group received periodically outpatient follow-ups,while the intervention group received professional follow-ups by trained nurses after discharge from hospital. The compliance behaviors and quality of life in these patients were assessed and statistically analyzed after 6 months nursing intervention or outpatient follow-up.Results With the implement of follow-up in patients with GERD,the intervention group was better than the control group in compliance behaviors,including the decrement of smoking and drinking,strong tea,coffee,having midnight snack and spicy food (P<0.05),but there was no difference in the behavior of staying-up between the two groups.Concerning the quality of life,the intervention group was significantly better than the control group in the 6 items excluding the physical and physiological functions (P<0.05).Conclusion Professional follow-ups can improve compliance behavior and quality of life of GERD patients.

Association of NMDAR, NR2A, and NR2B with cognitive impairment in diabetic patients / 南方医科大学学报

Cognitive impairment in diabetes (CID) is a severe chronic complication of diabetes mellitus, and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully understood. Increasing evidence has shown that the distribution and expression of N-methyl-D-aspartame receptor (NMDAR) and subunits NR2A and NR2B, which all participated in the development of the central nervous system and formation of learning and memory, are correlated with the occurrence and development of CID.

Research Progress of the Relationship between Cognitive Impairment in Diabetes and NMDA Receptor and Subunits NR2 / 昆明医科大学学报

Diabetic cognitive impairment is one of the chronic complications of diabetes,and the pathogenesis has not yet been fully clarified. In recent years, more and more studies of CID showed that the changes of NMDA receptor and subunits NR2A and NR2B might be important during the period of the diabetes,and they are associated with the mechanism of cognitive impairment. This article makes a summary on these researches so as to lay the foundation for a further study.

Safety and stability of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens for correction of extreme myopia: A follow-up of 11 cases / 中国组织工程研究

BACKGROUND: The phakic intraocular lens implantation has advantages of reversibility and accommodative capability, which is a promising refractive operation. Posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation is a developing method for the correction of extreme myopia. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and stability of posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation for the correction of extreme myopia. METHODS: This study included 18 eyes of 11 patients whose received posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens implantation at Shierming Eye Hospital from March 2006 to January 2009, including 4 males (7 eyes) and 7 females (11 eyes). All patients were followed-up 3-6 months, mean 5.3 months. The refraction, intraocular pressure, contrast sensitivity, glare sensitivity, endothelial cell morphometry, as well as lens opacities were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: After operation, naked visions of the 18 eyes were better than or equal to preoperative corrective vision, and the astigmatism was relieved obviously. The naked contrast sensitivity and glare sensitivity was better than that before the operation. The anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure and corneal endothelium counting before and after the operation had no significant difference. No serious complication was detected during the follow-up. The vision decent at night and dazzling sensation occurred in 2 cases. Shot-term observation shows that implanting intraocular lens in posterior chamber to correct high myopia is safe, stable and predictable. This operation is a promising method for correcting high myopia.

Experiment and Pondering of Applying Bilingual Teaching to the Course of Pathology / 中华医学教育探索杂志

An experiment of applying bilingual teaching to the course of pathology on the sophomores (students in Grade 2002) was carried out in our department in April 2004. This paper will research the feasibility and necessity of the methodology,ponder the problems in the course of teaching and put forward some suggestions in order to conduct bilingual teaching smoothly on the basis of practice and theory.