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OBJECTIVE: To elucidate the mechanism of the nourishing Yin and purging fire Chinese herbal mixture (NYPF) in delaying light-induced premature puberty in rats. METHODS: Twenty-one days old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to normal group (N), long light exposure group (L), NYPF and normal saline group (NS). Rats in the L, NYPF and NS groups were exposed to 16 h: 350 lux light/8 h: dark, while rats in the N group were exposed to 12 h: 50 lux light/12 h: dark. NYPF and normal saline was administered to the rats in the NYPF group or NS group, respectively, from day 21. Five rats in every group were sacrificed at 9 p.m. on day 28 (P28), on the day when rat's vulva opened in the L group (L-VO), on the day when the first estrous interphase occurred in rats of L group (L-E1), and on the day when the second estrous interphase occurred in rats of L group (L-E2), respectively. RESULITS: On day 34, all rats in the L group, 80% of rats in the NS group, 40% of rats in the N group, and 20% of rats in the NYPF group showed complete opening of the vulva. At P28, mRNA level of hypothalamic kisspeptin (Kiss-1) in the L group was significantly higher than that in the N group (P < 0.05). The rats in the L and NS groups had significantly lower hypothalamic arginine-phenylalanine-amide (RFamide)-related peptide 3 (RFRP-3) mRNA levels than those in the N group (P < 0.05), whereas RFRP-3 mRNA level was significantly higher in the NYPF group than that in the L group (P < 0.05). At L-VO, the ovarian index of the L and NS groups was significantly higher than that of the N group (P < 0.05) and estradiol (E2) level of the NYPF group was significantly lower than that of the N and NS groups (P < 0.05); hypothalamic Kiss-1 mRNA level in the L and NS groups was significantly higher than that in the N and NYPF groups (P < 0.05), whereas hypothalamic RFRP-3 mRNA level in the L, NYPF, and NS groups was significantly lower than that in the N group (P < 0.05). At L-E1, E2 level of the L and NS groups was significantly higher than that of the N group (P < 0.01), whereas it was significantly lower in the NYPF group than that of the N, L, and NS groups (P < 0.01), and serum luteinizing hormone level of the L and NS groups was significantly higher than that of the N group (P < 0.05); levels of serum melatonin and ovarian melatonin receptor 1 (MT-1) mRNA in the L, NYPF, and NS groups were significantly lower than those in the N group (P < 0.05). At L-E2, the uterine organ index of the NYPF group was significantly lower than that of the L group (P < 0.05); and ovarian MT-1 mRNA level of the L and NS groups was significantly lower than that in the N group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: NYPF can delay puberty onset in rats exposed to strong light for a prolonged duration, and regulation of the gene expression of Kiss-1 and RFRP-3 in the hypothalamus has been suggested as one of the mechanisms.
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Kisspeptins , Saline Solution , Rats , Animals , Female , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Kisspeptins/metabolism , Kisspeptins/pharmacology , Saline Solution/metabolism , Saline Solution/pharmacology , Sexual Maturation , Hypothalamus/metabolism , RNA, Messenger/metabolismABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the effects of comprehensive nutrition management on glycolipid metabolism and pregnancy outcomes in patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM).Methods A total of 121 pregnant women with GDM at 24-28 weeks gestation who were registered in the obstetrics department of 6 sub-central hospi-tals in China from May 2021 to July 2021 were included in this study and were randomly divided into intervention group(n=74)and control group(n=47).The intervention group received intensive comprehensive nutrition man-agement,including at least 6 outpatient interventions,individualized nutrition management and a half-day standard-ized outpatient education on gestational diabetes mellitus,continuous dynamic blood glucose monitoring and micro-blood glucose monitoring,and routine check of glycated albumin and urine every 4 weeks.Body weight,body com-position and diet and exercise implementation procedures and fetal development as well as complications were recor-ded.The control group received conventional nutritional guidance.The two groups were compared for difference in blood glucose related indicators at 37 weeks of gestation,weight gain before delivery,some lipid metabolism indica-tors,pregnancy outcomes,and oral glucose tolerance test(OGTT)at 42 days postpartum.Results Compared with the control group,the level of prenatal fasting blood glucose(P=0.006),intravenous plasma glucose(P=0.009)and blood ketone(P = 0.044)in the intervention group was significantly reduced.There was no significant difference in weight gain and weight attainment rate between the two groups.The 2-hour postpartum OGTTs of preg-nant women in the intervention group(P=0.006)were significantly lower than those in the control group,and the incidence of preeclampsia and postpartum blood loss were lower than those in the control group but no statistical difference was found.For newborns,the incidence of macrosomia(P=0.042)and planation(P=0.048)in the in-tervention group was slightly lower than that in the control group,and the results were statistically different.Other adverse pregnancy outcomes were not statistically different between the two groups.Conclusions Intensive compre-hensive nutrition management has a positive impact on the control of the blood glucose in pregnant women and im-proves the maternal and neonatal outcomes of women with GDM.
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Objective:To develop a list of basic and expanded medical laboratory tests in community health service centers in Shanghai.Methods:The status quo of human and equipment resource allocation, the test items and quality control currently performed, the perspectives of various stakeholders, the capacity building of community clinical laboratory in community health service centers in Shanghai were investigated by quantitative survey and qualitative interview; and the rating scores of each test item were assessed by expert consultation using Delphi method. The expert focus discussion was conducted, and each test item was rated and classified. Finally a list of the basic tests and expanded tests in clinical laboratories of community health service center was developed.Results:A total of 247 questionnaires were distributed and 192 (77.7%) were answered. A list of 94 laboratory test items was screened out based on the questionnaire survey of the laboratories of the community health centers. Thirty one experts in the relevant areas were invited to rate the test items, the average authority coefficient of experts was 0.90, with which the weighted average of the expert ratings was made. There were 45 (47.9%) items scored 7 or higher, 38 (40.4%) scored between 5 and 7, and 11 (11.7%) scored less than 5. Based on the results of the expert focus discussion, 48 items were recommended as the basic tests and 46 items as the extended tests.Conclusion:In this study a list of tests recommended to clinical laboratories in Shanghai community health service centers has been developed, which contains 48 basic tests and 46 extended tests.
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Objective:To explore the risk factors for the occurrence of preeclampsia (PE) and the predictive value of serum vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 (VEGFR-1) and placental growth factor (PLGF) for PE.Methods:A retrospective study was conducted to select 148 pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations at the First People′s Hospital of Chenzhou from January 2020 to January 2022 and were ultimately diagnosed with PE as the PE group, and 148 healthy pregnant women who underwent prenatal examinations during the same period as the PE group were selected as the control group. The levels of VEGFR-1, PLGF, and VEGFR-1/PLGF were compared between two groups of pregnant women. Logistic regression analysis was performed on the risk factors for PE, and the correlation between VEGFR-1, PLGF, VEGFR-1/PLGF and risk factors was analyzed. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the predictive value of VEGFR-1, PLGF, and VEGFR-1/PLGF for PE and obtain cutoff values. The survival curve of pregnant women with PE was plotted based on the cutoff values.Results:The levels of VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-1/PLGF in the PE group were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05), while the levels of PLGF were lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that age, body mass index (BMI), pregnancy induced hypertension, pregnancy induced diabetes, family history of hypertension, preeclampsia, VEGFR-1 and VEGFR-1/PLGF were risk factors for PE (all P<0.05), and PLGF was a protective factor for PE ( P<0.05). VEGFR-1, VEGFR-1/PLGF were positively correlated with age, BMI, pregnancy induced hypertension, pregnancy induced diabetes, hypertension family history, and PE (all P<0.001), while PLGF was negatively correlated with age, BMI, pregnancy induced hypertension, pregnancy induced diabetes, hypertension family history, and preeclampsia (all P<0.001). VEGFR-1, PLGF, and VEGFR-1/PLGF had higher predictive value for PE (AUC=0.773, 0.791, 0.825), with cutoff values of 9190.83 ng/L, 508.17 ng/L, and 21.64, respectively. According to the cutoff value, 296 pregnant women were divided into three groups: low, medium, and high risk. The survival analysis results showed that the probabilities of PE occurrence in the three groups were 1.36%, 18.97%, and 66.67%, respectively. Conclusions:VEGFR-1 and PLGF have high predictive value for PE, and clinical monitoring of VEGFR-1/PLGF levels combined with other examination methods can improve the accuracy of PE diagnosis and prediction, and improve pregnancy outcomes.
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ObjectiveIn the treatment of acute gouty arthritis (AGA), western medicine is mostly used for anti-inflammatory and analgesic purposes to control the blood uric acid level, but some patients are still at risk of poor control and recurrent attacks. Chinese medicinal prescriptions, potent in resisting inflammation and relieving pain, are able to stabilize the blood uric acid level, reduce acute attacks, and improve the clinical efficacy of western medicine. However, there is a lack of evidence to support their use as evidence-based medicine. This study employed network Meta-analysis (NMA) to evaluate the efficacy and safety of common Chinese medicinal prescriptions in the treatment of AGA, aiming to provide evidence-based medical evidence for the clinical use of Chinese medicinal prescriptions in the treatment of AGA. MethodChinese and English databases were searched for prospective cohort studies and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on Chinese medicinal prescriptions against AGA from database inception to December 1, 2022. Stata software and Review Manager were used for statistical analysis. ResultForty-four papers with 3 564 cases involved were included in the current NMA. In terms of reducing blood uric acid, the cumulative probability results showed that Mahuang Lianyao Chixiaodou Tang showed optimal efficacy (87.60%). In terms of relieving joint pain, Danggui Niantongtang and Guizhi Shaoyao Zhimutang showed optimal efficacy (92.00% and 82.30%). In terms of improving erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), Simiaowan was superior to other prescriptions (87.00%). In terms of reducing C-reactive protein (CRP), Simiaowan and Baihutang modified with Guizhitang showed superior efficacy (76.00% and 66.10%). In terms of safety, except for the basic treatment group, Mahuang Lianyao Chixiaodou Tang had the lowest probability of adverse events, and Danggui Niantongtang had the highest probability of adverse reactions during treatment. According to the results of cluster analysis, Mahuang Lianyao Chixiaodou Tang and Simiaowan are effective and safe. ConclusionAccording to the results of NMA, Chinese medicinal prescriptions can assist in the treatment of AGA and improve the effectiveness of western medicine. For patients with AGA, clinicians can choose Mahuang Lianyao Chixiaodou Tang or Simiaowan as an auxiliary drug for routine western medicine treatment.
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Heavy metal pollution on beaches due to enhanced human activities has received attention. This study takes four beaches in China as examples to study the characteristics of heavy metal pollution. The results show that most beach sediments have a certain degree of heavy metal accumulation as a result of human activities, except for the sediments of No. 1 beach. The beaches in order of the degree of pollution were No. 3 beach > Shilaoren beach > No. 2 beach > No. 1 beach. Three of the four studied beaches show contamination with As, Cr, Fe, Ni, Pb and Zn. Sewage outlets are the main sources of these pollutants, but the high levels of Zn and Fe are caused by coal cinder dumping at one beach, and the high levels of Ni are due to the coating of fishing boats at another beach. Heavy metal pollution occurs in areas near pollutant sources or at the high or low tide lines due to waves and tides. Heavy metals also diffuse vertically, resulting in contamination at certain depths. The distribution of heavy metals over ten years showed that most of the pollutants on cape-bay beaches are difficult to diffuse outward, which indicates that a special pollutant management plan needs to be developed for such beaches.
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Metals, Heavy , Water Pollutants, Chemical , China , Coal , Environmental Monitoring/methods , Geologic Sediments/chemistry , Humans , Lead , Metals, Heavy/analysis , Risk Assessment , Sewage , Water Pollutants, Chemical/analysisABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To observe and compare the expression of energy regulators (leptin/ghrelin) and PAI-1 in girls with abnormal uterine bleeding-ovulatory dysfunction (AUB-O) and healthy adolescent girls. METHODS: A total of 80 adolescent girls were studied including 60 with AUB-O and 20 healthy girls. All the general characteristics of subjects including height, weight, age, and age at menarche were collected after consent. The concentration of plasma leptin, ghrelin, PAI-1, and sex hormones was examined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and DXI800 Access immunoassay system respectively. RESULTS: Two groups were comparable in the age at menarche, visiting age, postmenarchal years, and BMI SDS (p > .05). Levels of leptin (11.12 ± 4.96 ng/ml vs. 18.59 ± 13.22 ng/ml, p < .001) and PAI-1 (116.40 ± 36.63 ng/ml vs. 173.19 ± 52.44 ng/ml, p < .001) in girls with AUB-O were significantly lower than that in healthy girls, and the levels of ghrelin were significantly higher than that in healthy girls (1.52 ± 4.20 ng/ml vs. 0.43 ± 0.64 ng/ml, p = .01). At the same time, we also found that girls with AUB-O showed negative correlation between the level of leptin, ghrelin, and estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: Energy metabolism and coagulation might play a role in the development of AUB-O in adolescent girls.
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Leptin/blood , Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1/blood , Adolescent , Body Height , Female , Ghrelin , Humans , Uterine HemorrhageABSTRACT
Objective:To investigate epidemiological characteristics and macrolide-resistance of hospitalized children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) infections in Beijing from 2016 to 2019, so as to provide basis for the prevention and treatment of pediatric Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP).Methods:The clinical data were analyzed retrospectively from 8 691 children hospitalized with community acquired pneumonia in Beijing Children′s Hospital between January 2016 and September 2019.MP RNA was detected by simultaneous amplification and testing (SAT), and macrolide resistance of MP was examined by MP and macrolide-resistant isolate diagnostic kit (PCR with fluorescence probes). Chi- square test was used for categorical analysis. Results:Among 8 691 cases detected by SAT, the overall detection rate of MP was 28.10% (2 442/8 691 cases). The detection rates of MP from 2016 to 2019 were 26.23%, 31.36%, 27.84 % and 26.57%, respectively.The detection rate of MP in 2017 was significantly higher than that in other years ( χ2=16.11, P<0.05). The detection rate of MP in females was 29.65%(1 107/3 733 cases), which was evidently higher than that in males 26.93%(1 335/4 958 cases) ( χ2=7.85, P<0.05). The positive rates of MP in summer[32.21% (726/2 254 cases)] and autumn[39.76%(852/2 143 cases)] were significantly higher than those in spring[17.00% (327/1 924 cases)] and winter[22.66%(537/2 370 cases)] ( χ2=315.15, P<0.001). The percentages of MP were 35.06%(732/2 088 cases) in preschoolers and 37.71%(1 160/3 076 cases) in school-age children, which were significantly higher than 11.20%(232/2 072 cases) in infants and 22.01% (318/1 445 cases) in toddlers ( χ2=509.89, P<0.001). Macrolide resistance detection was conducted in 1 524 patients by fluorescent PCR.Among them, 1 386 patients were positive for drug resistance, and the positive rate was 90.94%.The prevalence of macrolide-resistant MP from 2016 to 2019 were 88.19%, 90.93%, 90.56% and 92.90%, respectively.Macrolide-resistant rates were not related with gender, age and season. Conclusions:MP can be detected in all seasons, but most prevalently in summer and autumn.Girls are more prone to MP infections than boys.The detection rate of MP increases with age, and the positive rate is higher in preschoolers and school-age children.During the 4-year study period, the drug resistant rate of MP remain high.
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Based on the status and development of the majors and degrees at home and abroad, the relationship between health management sciences and their close secondary disciplines, course setting, and the demand for health management talents in society, this study elaborates the foundations of setting health management disciplines and the prospects of the discipline, and demonstrates the importance of the discipline construction of health management.
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Objective To investigate the effect of active abdominal compression-decompression cardiopulmonary resuscitation (AACD-CPR) in patients with pre-hospital respiratory and cardiac arrest.Methods Forty-five patients with respiratory and cardiac arrest,and with contraindication of chest compression admitted to Baiyin Central Hospital of Gansu Province from March 2012 to September 2018 were enrolled,and they were divided into two groups according to random number table.AACD-CPR (abdominal compression-decompression group,n =24) and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with unarmed abdominal compression (unarmed abdominal pressure group,n =21) were performed respectively.The success rate of rescue was observed in the two groups,and the changes in heart rate (HR),pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) and blood pressure 30 minutes after CPR in patients with restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) were observed.Results Among the 24 patients in the abdominal compression-decompression group,5 patients (20.83%) had ROSC,and 2 patients (9.52%) had ROSC in 21 patients of the unarmed abdominal pressure group.The success rate of resuscitation in the abdominal compression-decompression group was significantly higher than that in the unarmed abdominal pressure group (P < 0.05).HR of ROSC patients at 30 minutes of CPR in abdominal compression-decompression group was significantly lower than that in unarmed abdominal compression group (bpm:139.45±5.08 vs.147.62±5.24,P < 0.05),and SpO2 and blood pressure were significantly higher than those in unarmed abdominal compression group with significant differences [SpO2:0.92 ± 0.03 vs.0.85 ± 0.03,systolic blood pressure (SBP,mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa):118.23 ± 3.26 vs.98.51 ± 3.10,diastolic blood pressure (DBP,mmHg):60.10 ± 2.50 vs.56.36 ± 2.45,all P < 0.05].Conclusion The effect of AACD-CPR was superior to that of unarmed abdominal pressure CPR,which had higher application value to rescue patients with respiratory and cardiac arrest with chest pressure contraindication.
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Objective To investigate the effect of cisternostomy on the prognosis of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).Methods A retrospective case control study was conducted to analyze the clinical data of 46 patients with TBI admitted to Shanxi Dayi Hospital from May 2017 to September 2018.There were 37 males and nine females,aged 24-80 years [(49.8 ± 15.7)years].The injury severity score (ISS) was 6-42 points [(25.0 ± 8.2)points],and the Glasgow Coma score (GCS) was 3-14 points [(3.4 ± 1.7) points].Twenty-three patients underwent routine surgery only (control group),and 23 patients underwent cisternostomy (cisternostomy group) on the basis of routine surgery.Intracranial pressure monitoring was performed in both groups before surgery.The postoperative intracranial pressure,intracranial pressure 1 week after operation,postoperative mechanical ventilation time,neurosurgical ICU (NICU) time,postoperative dehydration dose,decompressive craniectomy rate,postoperative infection rate,mortality rate,length of hospital stay,GCS at discharge,and Glasgow outcome score (GOS) of 3 months of follow-up were compared between the two groups.Results Compared with the control group,the cistemostomy group had lower postoperative intracranial pressure [(7.1 ± 5.7) mmHg vs.(14.2 ± 12.0) mmHg)],intracranial pressure 1 week after operation [(11.8 ± 0.5) mmHg vs.(14.0 ± 0.7) mmHg],postoperative dosage of dehydrating agent [0 (0-500.0) ml vs.1 275 (787.5-3 812.5) ml] and decompression rate (57% ∶ 91%) (P < 0.05).There were no significant differences between the cistemostomy group and control group in postoperative mechanical ventilation time [120 (42.0-225.0)hours vs.89(65.5-203.5)hours],NICU time [236(182.0-340.5)hoursvs.281 (114-400)hours],postoperative infection rate (4% vs.0),mortality rate (13% vs.39%) and hospital stay [32 (20.0-44.5) hours vs.25 (12.0-30.5)hours] (P > 0.05).The cisternostomy group had higher GCS score at discharge than the control group [(10.7 ± 4.2) points vs.(7.9 ± 4.2) points] (P < 0.05).After 3 months of follow-up,18 patients in the cisternostomy group showed good prognosis,better than that in the control group (11 patients) (P < 0.05).Conclusion For TBI patients,cisternostomy can clear the blood cerebrospinal fluid,reduce harmful metabolic products in the brain,reduce intracranial pressure and hence improve the prognosis of patients.
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PURPOSE: The transforming growth factor β1 (TGF-β1)/SMAD family member 3 (SMAD3) pathway, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) are two key players in various types of malignancies including breast cancer. The TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway can interact with HIF-1α in some diseases; however, their interaction in breast cancer is still unknown. Therefore, our study aimed to investigate the interactions between the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway and HIF-1α in breast cancer. METHODS: Expression of HIF-1α in serum of breast cancer patients and healthy controls was detected by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, and the diagnostic value of HIF-1α for breast cancer was evaluated by receiver operating characteristic curve analysis. Breast cancer cell lines overexpressing SMAD3 and HIF-1α were established. Cell apoptosis and proliferation following different treatments were detected by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide, and cell counting kit-8, respectively. Expression of related proteins was detected by western blot. RESULTS: Serum levels of HIF-1α were higher in breast cancer patients than in normal controls. Both SMAD3 and HIF-1α overexpression inhibited cell apoptosis and promoted cell proliferation. Treatment with inhibitors of HIF-1α and SMAD3 promoted apoptosis in breast cancer cells and inhibited their proliferation. Overexpression of HIF-1α promoted the expression of TGF-β1 and SMAD3, while SMAD3 overexpression did not significantly affect expression of HIF-1α or TGF-β1. CONCLUSION: HIF-1α serves as an upstream regulator of the TGF-β1/SMAD3 pathway and promotes the growth of breast cancer.
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Humans , Apoptosis , Blotting, Western , Breast Neoplasms , Breast , Cell Count , Cell Line , Cell Proliferation , Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 , Polymerase Chain Reaction , Reverse Transcription , ROC Curve , Smad3 Protein , Transforming Growth Factor beta1 , Transforming Growth FactorsABSTRACT
Objective To assess the relationship between eosinophil count and intracranial aneurysm (IA).Methods For the retrospective study,we collected data of the count of eosinophils obtained from the peripheral blood samples and other clinical data of 79 patients with IA admitted to our hospital between January 2014 and December 2015 and 65 healthy people as control group.Risk factors for IA were analyzed by multivariate Logistics regression analysis.Results Clinical characteristics were comparable between the two groups (P>0.05).Compared with those in the control group,eosinophil and platelet counts in IA group were significantly higher [(0.18±0.12)109/L vs.(0.12±0.09)109/L;(196.44±57.33)109/L vs.(178.80±47.23)109/L,respectively;all P<0.05],while platelet distribution width (PDW) and mean platelet volume (MPV) were lower [(13.95 ± 3.332)fL vs.(15.30±3.5)fL;(11.02±1.73)fL vs.(11.66±1.31)fL,respectively;all P<0.05].Logistic regression analysis indicated that eosinophil was the independent risk factor for IA.Corclusion Our study demonstrated that increased eosinophil count is the independent risk factor for IA.
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Objective To construct the drug delivery system of gentamicin/chitosan microspheres for local injection, and evaluate its physicochemical properties and cell cytotoxicity.Methods Gentamicinwas used as model drug, chitosan as carrier, lecithinand hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin as accessories, and the microspheres of gentamicin/chitosan/lecithin/hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrinwas prepared by spray drying method.The physicochemical properties and cell cytotoxicity of themicrospheres were investigated by UV spectrophotometry , scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, dynamic membrane dialysis and MTT assay.Results Five kinds of chitosan microspheres ( A, B, C, D and E) with different drug/carrier ratios were successfully prepared by spray drying method.The yield, drug loading and entrapment efficiency of the drug-loaded microspheres were 34.38%~46.94%, 10.20% ~18.67%, 61.20% ~74.72%, respectively.SEM results showed that compared with microspheres A, B and C, microspheres D and E own the spherical shape with wrinkled surface and uniform particle size, particle size between 0.5 ~3 μm, no adhesion.X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the drug was encapsulated in the microspheres.The results of in vitro release indicated that microspheres D had a good sustained release effect in the four drug-loaded microspheres.The results of cytotoxicity test showed that when the concentration of gentamicin reached 400 μg/mL, the relative growth rate of microspheres D was still higher than 80% with the cytotoxicity grade was one, ie, no cytotoxicity.Conclusion The microspheres D with good physicochemical properties, sustained-release effect and biocompatibility, is expected to be a good carrier of prostate local drug delivery.
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Objective To prepare thermosensitive chitosan (CTS) hydrogels containing astragalus polysaccharides (APS)/CTS microshperes (MS), and evaluate its physicochemical properties. Methods The APS/CTS MS (APS-MS) were prepared by spray drying method, and characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Laser Granularity Analyzer. Depending on the gelation temperature and gelating time, thermosensitive CTS hydrogels (HG) containing APS-MS (APS-MS-HG) were optimized by signal factor experiments, and the morphological characteristics were observed by SEM. In vitro release behaviors of APS-MS, hydrogels containing APS (APS-HG) and APS-MS-HG in pH 6.8 phosphate buffer were evaluated by dialysis tube method. Results The APS-MS were well dispersed with nearly spherical shapes and slightly wrinkled surfaces. The surface weighted mean D[3,2] of APS-MS was 8.078μm. The optimal APS-MS-HG, APS-MS-HG J, contained 3.012% APS-MS which were agitated with a magnetic stirrer for 3h. Observed by SEM, APS-MS were stayed spherical and dispersed unevenly in HG J, but the porous structure of HG J was disappeared in APS-MS-HG J. The release of APS from APS-MS-HG J was without initial burst release, and the cumulative amount of APS was about 74.75% after 36h. Conclusion Suppressing the phenomenon of sudden release at the first stage of delivery, APS-MS-HG J holds great promise for topical applications as a sustained-release nasal delivery system.
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Objective To investigate the clinical value of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) with abdominal lifting and compression on patients with breathing and cardiac arrest induced by severe chest trauma.Methods Sixty-six breathing and cardiac arrest patients induced by severe chest trauma admitted to the General Hospital of Jingyuan Coal Industry Group Company from October 2011 to October 2016 were enrolled,and they were divided into abdominal lifting and compression group (n =32) and unarmed abdominal compression group (n =34) by random number table.The patients in both two groups were given the airway open,respiration support,defibrillation treatment,venous access establishment,vasoactive drugs application and other conventional treatments.On the basis of the routine treatment,the patients in abdominal lifting and compression group were given application of abdominal lifting and compression device with 100 times/min frequency and continuously alternating press down to lift the abdomen,the amplitude of pressing and pulling were 3-5 cm below or above the original level of the abdomen.Those in unarmed abdominal compression group were given abdominal CPR pressing method by hand,the frequency of pressing and depth of subsidence was the same as abdominal lifting and compression group.Heart rate (HR) and arterial blood gas at 30 minutes after CPR as well as the success rate of resuscitation were compared between the two groups.The changes in HR,mean arterial pressure (MAP) and pulse oxygen saturation (SpO2) before and 30 minutes and 60 minutes after CPR were dynamically observed in patients with restoration of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) after abdominal lifting and compression CPR treatment.Results Compared with the unarmed abdominal compression group,HR (bmp:136.13±6.14 vs.148.45±5.16) and arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide [PaCO2 (mmHg,1 mmHg =0.133 kPa):48.51 ±2.60 vs.62.51 ±2.50] at 30 minutes after CPR in abdominal lifting and compression group were significantly lowered,and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) was significantly increased (mmHg:88.07±3.92 vs.74.12±2.12,all P < 0.05).Four patients with ROSC were found in abdominal lifting and compression group,and 2 in unarmed abdominal compression group.The success rate of resuscitation in abdominal lifting and compression group was significantly higher than that of unarmed abdominal compression group (12.50% vs.5.82%,P < 0.05).In 4 patients with ROSC after abdominal lifting and compression CPR showed a downward trend in HR and an upward trend in MAP and SpO2 with CPR time prolongation.Conclusions The effect of abdominal lifting and compression CPR is better than that of unarmed abdominal compression CPR,which is of great value for the life saving of patients with breathing and cardiac arrest induced bv severe chest trauma.
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Objective:To investigate the relationship between the distance from the upper and lower resection margin and the gastric cancer patients with R0 resection and no distant metastasis.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 281 patients with gastric cancer in our hospital,the relationship between the age,sex,tumor size,tumor size,vascular invasion,lymph node metastasis,TNM stage,type of gastric cancer,tumor location and operation mode was analyzed.To compare the survival time of patients with different upper and lower margins.Results:The increase of the distance from upper resection margin was significantly related to the tumor size>5 cm,TNM stage,type of gastric cancer,tumor location,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);The distance of lower resection margin was significantly correlated with tumor size>5cm,vascular invasion,lymph node metastasis and TNM stage,type of gastric cancer,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05);Themedian survival timein patientsof upper resection marginr□3cm with 48 months of the 5-year follow-up period was significantly higher than that in patients of the resection margin>3cmwith 46 months (P<0.001).Themedian survival timein patientsof lower resection margin□3cm with 45 months of the 5-year follow-up period was significantly higher than that in patients of the resection margin>3cm with 44 months (P<0.001).Conclusion:Gastric cancer postoperative upper and lower resection margin was significantly related with tumor size,TNM staging factors,and the median survival time of upper and lower resection margin>5 cm was significantly lower than that of the resection margin3 cm.
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Objective To explore the effects of baicalin in the treatment of a preeclampsia (PE) rat model by detecting the expression of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis protein (XIAP) and cysteine containing aspartate-9 (Caspase-9) and observing the ultrastructure of mitochondria in trophoblast cells.Methods Forty-eight pregnant Wistar rats were randomly divided into two groups:12 in the control group and 36 in the PE model group.The PE model was established with subcutaneous injection of l-nitro arginine methyl ester with 100 mg/kg per day from the 13th day of pregnancy.Beginning from the 16th day of pregnancy,the PE rats were injected with different doses of baicalin till cesarean section,and divided into three groups:non-intervention PE model group treated with saline (NIP group),low-dose baicalin intervention group (IDB group) at 50 mg/kg per day,and high-dose baicalin intervention group (HDB group) at 100 mg/kg per day.The rat tail artery blood pressure and 24-h urine protein level were measured at pregnant day 10,16 and 20.The levels of XIAP and Caspase-9 in placenta were measured by immunohistochemistry.The ultrastructure of mitochondria of trophoblast cells of the rat placenta was observed under electron microscope.T test,F test and LSD-t test were applied for statistical analysis.Results (1) On pregnant day 10,no significant differences were observed in rat tail artery systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and 24-h urine protein level between the control group and PE model group (all P>0.05).On pregnant day 16 and 20,the systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure and 24-h urine protein level of NIP,IDB and HDB groups were significantly higher than those of control group [pregnant day 16:systolic blood pressure:(137.74±5.21),(136.15±4.86),(138.28±4.79) and (110.57±3.79) mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa),diastolic blood pressure:(89.58 ± 5.50),(88.45 ± 8.59),(89.42 ± 6.29) and (80.28 ± 7.36) mmHg,24-h urine protein:(7.78 ± 0.45),(7.53 ± 0.54),(7.86± 0.57) and (6.45 ± 0.56) mg;pregnant day 20:systolic blood pressure:(145.26 ± 4.67),(131.28 ± 4.34),(130.93 ± 5.33) and (110.40 ± 6.92) mmHg,diastolic blood pressure:(89.87±6.55),(85.34±7.33),(84.64±7.36) and (80.19±7.34) mmHg,24-h urine protein:(11.18±0.42),(9.65±0.54),(9.06±0.56) and (6.31 ±0.45) mg] (all P<0.01).On pregnant day 20,the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and 24-h urine protein level in IDB and HDB groups were significantly lower than in NIP group (all P<0.05),but showed no significant differences between IDB and HDB groups (allP>0.05).(2) Compared with NIP group,the expression of XIAP in control group,IDB and HDB groups were significantly increased(210.39±0.78,180.56±0.82,195.36±0.96 and 192.84± 1.06,all P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the expression of XIAP between IDB and HDB groups (P=0.66).The expression of Caspase-9 in control group,IDB and HDB groups were significantly decreased compared with NIP group (210.36±0.55,195.53±0.96,198.42± 1.01 and 185.25±0.64,all P<0.01).There was no significant difference in the expression of Caspase-9 between IDB and HDB groups (P=0.65).Ultrastructure of mitochondria in NIP group showed different degrees of damage,matrix swelling,and mitochondrial cristae bresk or disappearance.In IDB group,mitochondrial matrix swelling was not obvious,and mitochondrial cristae were visible.In HDB group,mitochondrial cristae were neat and clear.Conclusions Baicalin may play an important role in the treatment of preeclampsia by reversing the trophoblast apoptosis and improving the ultrastructure of mitochondria through its regulation of XIAP expression and downregulation of Caspase-9 expression.
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Airway remodeling is one of the main pathological changes of bronchial asthma. It has shown that a variety of cytokines, including chemokines, growth factors, matrix proteins, participate in and even strengthen airway remodeling through building complex signal transduction pathways. Many traditional Chinese medicines,such as shegan mahuang decoction,have a regulatory role in airway remodeling.
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To analyze the test results of five serum markers of hepatitis B virus (HBV) among university freshmen from 2007 to 2012.Among a total of 10 827 freshmen,there were 5 021 freshmen from 2007 to 2009 with all five serum markers.The overall ratio of HBsAg positive was 4.5%,4.8%,4.8% and 4.0% for each year.And it had no statistically significant difference.The overall ratio of single-HBsAb positive was 34.8%,37.4%,29.0% and 37.9% for each year and the figure of 2008 was lower than those of 2007 and 2009 (P < 0.01).The overall ratio of five markers all negative were 58.3%,55.4%,63.9% and 55.8% for each year and the figure of 2008 was higher than those of 2007 and 2009 (P < 0.01).And 34.5% of HBsAg positive freshmen were HBsAg(+),HBeAg (+),HBcAb (+) and 44.2% HBsAg(+),HBeAb(+),HBcAb(+).The prevalence ratio of HBsAg for males was higher than that for females (5.1% vs.3.2%,P <0.01).Among 5 806 freshmen tested during 2010-2012,522(9.0%) had a serum level of alanine transaminase (ALT) > 40 U/L,including HBsAg positive (n =12),single anti-HBs positive (n =213) and five negatives (n =288).Approximate 50% university freshmen have no anti-HBs indicating a low level of immunity.And the students should acquire the knowledge of hepatitis B,improve the ratio of vaccination,strengthen the monitoring and prevent its spread through concerted measures.