ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Neurologic Wilson disease is an inherited disease characterized by a copper metabolic disorder that causes damage to many organs, especially the brain. Few studies report the relationships between these neurologic symptoms and MR imaging of the brain. Therefore, we investigated the correlation of brain abnormalities in patients with neurologic Wilson disease with their clinical symptoms, age of onset, and lag time to diagnosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A cohort of 364 patients was recruited in China between January 2003 and December 2017. Age of onset, lag time until diagnosis, and neurologic symptoms were recorded, and cranial MR imaging was performed. Patients were divided into groups within each of these factors for correlation analysis with the MR imaging brain scans. RESULTS: Abnormal signals in the MR imaging brain scans were seen in all 364 cases. Affected regions included the putamen, pons, midbrain, and thalamus, while the medulla and occipital lobe were unaffected. The putamen was the most frequently damaged brain region in this study. With the age of onset younger than 10 years, cranial MR imaging scans showed only impairment in the putamen. Patients with a longer lag time before diagnosis were more likely to have impairment in the pons, midbrain, and cortex. Among neurologic symptoms of Wilson disease, torsion spasm is associated with the midbrain and cortex, and choreoathetosis is related to the caudate nucleus. CONCLUSIONS: Abnormalities in the putamen, pons, midbrain, and thalamus are part of the neuroimaging spectrum of Wilson disease. There is a significant correlation between the site of brain injury and diagnosis lag time.
Subject(s)
Brain/diagnostic imaging , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/diagnostic imaging , Magnetic Resonance Imaging/methods , Adolescent , Adult , Age of Onset , Child , Child, Preschool , Cohort Studies , Copper/metabolism , Delayed Diagnosis , Dystonia Musculorum Deformans/etiology , Female , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/complications , Hepatolenticular Degeneration/physiopathology , Humans , Male , Nervous System Diseases/etiology , Nervous System Diseases/physiopathology , Young AdultABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: To identify the Y-chromosomal genetic types for the soldier's remains from Huaihai Campaign, and to offer a clue for search of their paternal relatives. METHODS: DNA of the remains were extracted by the ancient DNA extraction method. Yfiler kit was used for the multiplex amplification of 17 Y-STR loci. The haplogroups of the samples were speculated. Detailed genotyping of the selected Y-SNP was performed based on the latest Y-chromosome phylogenetic tree. Haplotype-sharing analysis was done based on the data of Y-SNP and Y-STR, the closest modern individual information to the genetic relationship of remains was gained. RESULTS: A total of 8 Y-STR haplotypes were observed on 17 Y-STR loci of 8 male individuals. Furthermore, 6 Y-SNP haplogroups were identified, which were O2a1-M95+, O1a1-P203+, O3*-M122+/M234-, D1-M15+, C3*-ST and R1a1-M17+. CONCLUSIONS: Identification of Y-chromosomal genetic types for the soldier's remains from Huaihai Campaign shows a reference value on inferring the geographical origins of old materials.
Subject(s)
Chromosomes, Human, Y/genetics , DNA Fingerprinting , Microsatellite Repeats/genetics , Military Personnel , China , DNA , Genetics, Population , Genotype , Haplotypes , Humans , Male , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Phylogeny , Polymorphism, GeneticABSTRACT
It is well known that signal acquisition is the first step in signal processing. A simple and convenient method of acquiring biologic data is described here, which needs no special acquisition equipment, and is practical and makes the data acquisition more credible.
Subject(s)
Analog-Digital Conversion , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted , Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted , Diagnostic Imaging , SoftwareABSTRACT
Some basic specifications of four commercial multi-slice CT scanners are compared with each other. The new technologies under the development of multi-slice CT are described and the image quality performance of multi-slice is discussed in this paper.