Characterization and assessment of new fibrillar collagen inks and bioinks for 3D printing and bioprinting.

Collagen is a cornerstone protein for tissue engineering and 3D bioprinting due to its outstanding biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and natural abundance in human tissues. Nonetheless, it still poses some important challenges, such as complicated and limited extraction processes, usually accompanied by batch- to-batch reproducibility and influence of factors, such as temperature, pH, and ionic strength. In this work, we evaluated the suitability and performance of new, fibrillar type I collagen as standardized and reproducible collagen source for 3D printing and bioprinting. The acidic, native fibrous collagen formulation (5% w/w) performed remarkably during 3D printing, which was possible to print constructs of up to 27 layers without collapsing. On the other hand, the fibrous collagen mass has been modified to provide a fast, reliable, and easily neutralizable process. The neutralization with TRIS-HCl enabled the inclusion of cells without hindering printability. The cell-laden constructs were printed under mild conditions (50-80 kPa, pneumatic 3D printing), providing remarkable cellular viability (>90%) as well as a stable platform for cell growth and proliferation in vitro. Therefore, the native, type I collagen masses characterized in this work offer a reproducible and reliable source of collagen for 3D printing and bioprinting purposes.

Use of Technology and Its Association With Academic Performance and Life Satisfaction Among Children and Adolescents.

Introduction: In the last years, there has been a rise in the use of technology among children and adolescents, which has led to a greater concern about its impact on their socioemotional and cognitive development. Aims: To explore the time spent using technology, the risk perception of its use by students, and the association between frequency of technology use and life satisfaction and academic performance among children and adolescents in Chile. Additionally, we explored the mediating effect of sleep deprivation on these outcomes. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study, where 2,440 students (9-12 years old) from 13 schools participated. Data was collected using an online survey answered by students during school hours. The association analyses were performed using multivariable regression models considering life satisfaction and academic performance as dependent variables. Additionally, mediating analyses were conducted using structural equation modeling. Results: Time watching television and using cellphones were similar on weekdays, and playing video games was the most frequent activity during weekends. A 42.1% of students reported playing online video games with strangers, and 12.7% had sleep deprivation. Lower self-reported academic performance was associated with cyberbullying victimization, sleep deprivation, being hacked, exposure to violent content, time spent using cell phones during weekdays and weekends, and playing video games during weekdays. Students who perceived that playing video games after 9 pm affected their sleep had a higher academic performance. There was a clear mediating effect of sleep deprivation in the relationship between time spent using a cellphone during weekdays and weekends and playing video games during weekdays and GPA. Conclusions: Time spent using technological devices was not associated with life satisfaction; however, the time spent using cell phones and playing video games was related to lower self-reported academic performance, mediated by sleep deprivation. Future research may focus on a better understanding of the mechanisms involved in the effect of technology use on sleep routines among adolescents and potential interventions to reduce its impact on academic performance.

Prevalence and characterization of ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae in healthy human carriers.

Presence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase (ESBL-E), AmpC-producing and carbapenemase-producing (CPE) Enterobacteriaceae has been observed not only in the clinical environment, but also in the out-of-hospital environment. The objective of this study was to isolate and characterize strains of ESBL, AmpC, and CPE present in feces of healthy carriers in Navarra (n = 125). Despite the fact that no CPE strains were isolated, 16% and 11.2% of the studied population were ESBL-E and AmpC carriers, respectively. No significant differences were found by gender or age; young people (5-18 years old) showed the highest ESBL-E prevalence (31.8%). The isolates corresponded to E. coli (57.1%), Enterobacter spp. (28.6%), and Citrobacter freundii (14.3%), and all strains showed multidrug-resistant profiles. High resistance against cephalosporins, penicillins, and monobactams, and sensitivity to carbapenems, quinolones, and aminoglycosides were observed. With respect to ESBL producers, 52.4% were CTX-M-type (19.0% CTX-M-14, 9.5% CTX-M-1, and 28.6% CTX-M-15) and 47.6% were TEM-type (38.1% TEM-171). These results confirm the extensive dissemination of these resistances among a healthy population and pose the need to implement control measures and strategies according to the One Health approach in order to prevent the increase of severe and untreatable infections in a not far future.

Evaluación de constructos psicológicos positivos en población de habla hispana: El caso de las Creencias Acerca de Disfrutar la Vida / Evaluation of positive psychological constructs in Hispanic population: The case of Beliefs about Enjoying Life

Se evaluaron las propiedades psicométricas de la traducción al castellano del Inventario de Creencias acerca de Saborear la Vida (SBI). Método: 419 adultos de ambos sexos, estudiantes universitarios, de la población general, pacientes psiquiátricos o víctimas de violencia doméstica completaron el SBI; 319 respondieron también medidas de afectividad, bienestar, afrontamiento, depresión, desesperanza y culpa. Una sub muestra de 52 sujetos contestó nuevamente el SBI a los quince días de la primera aplicación. Resultados: Los coeficientes alpha de Cronbach del SBI fueron: total = 0.91; anticipación = 0.84; al momento = 0.75 y reminiscencia = 0.89. Las correlaciones entra la primera y segunda aplicación resultaron estadísticamente significativas y oscilaron entre 0.59 - 0.77 para el total y las subescalas. El SBI correlacionó positiva y significativamente con el afecto positivo, el bienestar general y la adaptación al estrés; e inversamente con el afecto negativo, la depresión, la desesperanza y la culpa. Se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos evaluados para las subescalas de “al momento”, “reminiscencia” y el total, con menores puntuaciones para los pacientes psiquiátricos vs. población general (F=9.80; gl=2; p<0.001; F=3.26; gl=2; p=0.039; F=5.90; gl=2; p=0.003, respectivamente). El análisis factorial mostró una estructura similar a la versión original en inglés. Conclusión: La versión en español del SBI es válida y confiable (AU)

The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric proper-ties of a Spanish translation of the Savoring Beliefs Inventory (SBI). Methods: 419 voluntary adults participated. Four samples were evaluated: university students, general population, psychiatric outpatients and domes-tic violence victims. All participants completed SBI; 319 subjects answer also measures of General Well Being Scale, Positive and negative affectivity, Depression, Hopelessness and guilt. A sub sample of 52 was retested fifteen days later. Results: Cronbach alphas for SBI were: total score = 0.91, anticipating subscale = 0.84, present moment subscale = 0.75, and past subscale= 0.89. SBI correlations between first and second application were significant, ranging from 0.59 to 0.77. SBI correlated directly and significantly with positive affect and general well being. Inverse significant correlations were found between SBI scores and negative affect, depression, hopelessness and guilt scores. Significant between-groups differences were found in SBI’s “present moment”, “past moment” and “total” scores among the general population and the psychiatric patients samples. Mean lower scores were found for the psychiatric population (F=9.80; gl=2; p=0.000; F=3.26; gl=2; p=0.039; F=5.90; gl=2;p=0.003, respectively). SBI factor analysis showed a similar grouping as the original English version. Conclusion: SBI Spanish version showed acceptable reliability and validity indicators among Hispanic population (AU)