Spanish translation and analysis of the metric properties of inpatient satisfaction scale in psychiatry: The Satispsy-22-E.

The Satispsy-22 scale is an instrument created for the specific evaluation of psychiatric inpatient satisfaction. Therefore, the study aims to carry out the Satispsy-22 scientific translation to Spanish and to learn its psychometric properties. The Satipsy-22-E was administered to discharged patients from four units of acute psychiatric admission, a unit of dual pathology and two units of subacute psychiatric admission (N = 268). Cronbach's alpha was 0.886, which can be interpreted as good internal reliability. All the dimensions showed a good internal consistency with scores from 0.722 to 0.919. Test-retest offered scores of 0.752-0.951 showing good stability. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that all elements load in the estimated dimensions of the original scale and these were significant and the adjustment measures showed, in general, a rather good adjustment, Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) showed that the error between observations and actual data is small and acceptable. Satispsy-22-E is a specific scale in Spanish language for the assessment of psychiatric inpatient satisfaction. It is an easy to use tool that offers good psychometric properties. The availability of a validated survey in Spanish may help to improve the care provided by psychiatric wards in Spanish-speaking countries.

Quantitative System Pharmacology (QSP): An Integrative Framework for paradigm change in the treatment of the first-episode schizophrenia.

Despite the lack of progress in the curative treatment of mental illness, especially schizophrenia, the accumulation of neuroscience data over the past decade suggests the re-conceptualization of schizophrenia. With the advent of new biomarkers and cognitive tools, new neuroscience technologies such as functional dynamic connectivity and the identification of subtle clinical features; it is now possible to detect early stages at risk or prodromes of a first psychotic episode. Current concepts reconceptualizes schizophrenia as a neurodevelopmental disorder at early onset, with polygenic risk and only symptomatic treatment for positive symptoms at this time. The use of such technologies in the future suggests new diagnostic and therapeutic options. Next steps include new pharmacological perspectives and potential contributions of new technologies such as quantitative system pharmacology brain computational modeling approach.

Childhood neglect predicts disorganization in schizophrenia through grey matter decrease in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex.

OBJECTIVE: Psychosocial trauma during childhood is associated with schizophrenia vulnerability. The pattern of grey matter decrease is similar to brain alterations seen in schizophrenia. Our objective was to explore the links between childhood trauma, brain morphology and schizophrenia symptoms. METHOD: Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia stabilized with atypical antipsychotic monotherapy and 30 healthy control subjects completed the study. Anatomical MRI images were analysed using optimized voxel-based morphometry (VBM). Childhood trauma was assessed with the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and symptoms were rated on the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) and Scale for the Assessment of Positive Symptoms (SAPS) (disorganization, positive and negative symptoms). In the schizophrenia group, we used structural equation modelling in a path analysis. RESULTS: Total grey matter volume was negatively associated with emotional neglect (EN) in patients with schizophrenia. Whole-brain VBM analyses of grey matter in the schizophrenia group revealed a specific inversed association between EN and the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC). Path analyses identified a well-fitted model in which EN predicted grey matter density in DLPFC, which in turn predicted the disorganization score. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that EN during childhood could have an impact on psychopathology in schizophrenia, which would be mediated by developmental effects on brain regions such as the DLPFC.

The SATISPSY-22: development and validation of a French hospitalized patients' satisfaction questionnaire in psychiatry.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of our study was to develop a specific French self-administered instrument for measuring hospitalized patients' satisfaction in psychiatry based on exclusive patient point of view: the SATISPSY-22. METHODS: The development of the SATISPSY was undertaken in three steps: item generation, item reduction, and validation. The content of the SATISPSY was derived from 80 interviews with patients hospitalized in psychiatry. Using item response and classical test theories, item reduction was performed in 2 hospitals on 270 responders. The validation was based on construct validity, reliability, and some aspects of external validity. RESULTS: The SATISPSY contains 22 items describing 6 dimensions (staff, quality of care, personal experience, information, activity, and food). The six-factor structure accounted for 78.0% of the total variance. Each item achieved the 0.40 standard for item-internal consistency, and the Cronbach's alpha coefficients were>0.70. Scores of dimensions were strongly positively correlated with Visual Analogue Scale scores. Significant associations with socioeconomic and clinical indicators showed good discriminant and external validity. INFIT statistics were ranged from 0.71 to 1.25. CONCLUSIONS: The SATISPSY-22 presents satisfactory psychometric properties, enabling patient feedback to be incorporated in a continuous quality health care improvement strategy.