Roles of combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in pathological changes of hip dysplasia and hip reconstructive surgery.

Combined femoral and acetabular anteversion is the sum of femoral and acetabular anteversion, representing their morphological relationship in the axial plane. Along with the increasing understanding of hip dysplasia in recent years, numerous scholars have confirmed the role of combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in the pathological changes of hip dysplasia. At present, the reconstructive surgery for hip dysplasia includes total hip replacement and redirectional hip preservation surgery. As an important surgery index, combined femoral and acetabular anteversion have a crucial role in these surgeries. Herein, we discuss the role of combined femoral and acetabular anteversion in pathological changes of hip dysplasia, total hip replacement, and redirectional hip preservation surgery.

Effective time, correction speed and termination time of hemi-epiphysiodesis in children.

In children with asymmetric growth on the medial and lateral side of limbs, if there still remains growth potential, the guided growth technique of hemi-epiphysiodesis on one side of the epiphysis is recognized as a safe and effective method. However, when the hemi-epiphysiodesis start to correct the deformities, how many degrees could hemi-epiphysiodesis bring every month and when to remove the hemi-epiphysiodesis implant without rebound phenomenon are still on debate. This article reviews the current studies focus on the effective time, correction speed and termination time of hemi-epiphysiodesis.

Modified ulnar lengthening for correction of the Masada type 2 forearm deformity in hereditary multiple exostosis.

Few articles have reported on the treatment of Masada type 2 forearm deformities in hereditary multiple exostosis, possibly because of the high redislocation rate and other complications. This study precisely declares the use of modified ulnar lengthening by an Ilizarov external fixation with tumour excision for the treatment of Masada type 2 forearm deformities. 20 children with Masada type 2 forearm deformities were admitted for surgical treatment at our hospital from February 2014 to February 2021. There were 13 girls and 7 boys, ranging in age from 3.5 to 15 years (mean: 9 years) at the time of operation. We removed the prominent osteochondromas of the distal ulna and the proximal radius, positioned a classic Ilizarov external fixator on the forearm and then performed ulnar transverse one-third proximal diaphyseal subperiosteal osteotomy. We adopted modified ulnar lengthening postoperatively. The effects of surgical correction of deformity and functional improvement of the limb were assessed via regular follow-up and X-ray. The patients were followed up for 36 months, and the ulna was lengthened 26.99 mm on average; all radial heads remained relocated. The radiographic evaluations, including relative ulnar shortening, radial articular angle, and carpal slip, were improved. The functions of the elbow and forearm were all improved after surgery. Modified ulnar lengthening by an Ilizarov external fixation with tumour excision for the treatment of Masada type 2 forearm deformities in hereditary multiple exostoses has been proven to be an effective and reliable technique in the early stage.