Lipopeptides from Bacillus velezensis ZLP-101 and their mode of action against bean aphids Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris.

BACKGROUND: Natural products are important sources for the discovery of new biopesticides to control the worldwide destructive pests Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris. Here, insecticidal substances were discovered and characterized from the secondary metabolites of the bio-control microorganism Bacillus velezensis strain ZLP-101, as informed by whole-genome sequencing and analysis. RESULTS: The genome was annotated, revealing the presence of four potentially novel gene clusters and eight known secondary metabolite synthetic gene clusters. Crude extracts, prepared through ammonium sulfate precipitation, were used to evaluate the effects of strain ZLP-101 on Acyrthosiphon pisum Harris aphid pests via exposure experiments. The half lethal concentration (LC50) of the crude extract from strain ZLP-101 against aphids was 411.535 mg/L. Preliminary exploration of the insecticidal mechanism revealed that the crude extract affected aphids to a greater extent through gastric poisoning than through contact. Further, the extracts affected enzymatic activities, causing holes to form in internal organs along with deformation, such that normal physiological activities could not be maintained, eventually leading to death. Isolation and purification of extracellular secondary metabolites were conducted in combination with mass spectrometry analysis to further identify the insecticidal components of the crude extracts. A total of 15 insecticidal active compounds were identified including iturins, fengycins, surfactins, and spergualins. Further insecticidal experimentation revealed that surfactin, iturin, and fengycin all exhibited certain aphidicidal activities, and the three exerted synergistic lethal effects. CONCLUSIONS: This study improved the available genomic resources for B. velezensis and serves as a foundation for comprehensive studies of the insecticidal mechanism by Bacillus velezensis ZLP-101 in addition to the active components within biological control strains.

Safety of a 90-min duration of intravenous infusion of obinutuzumab in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a tertiary hospital in China: a prospective, open-label, exploratory clinical trial

This study aimed to analyze the safety and applicability of a 90-min duration of infusion (SDI) of obinutuzumab in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in a tertiary hospital in China. This exploratory clinical trial was performed at Jiangsu Province Hospital. All patients were treated with the standard infusion regimen for the first infusion. If no grade ≥3 infusion-related reactions (IRRs) occurred, the subsequent infusions were given as SDI. The primary endpoint was the incidence of IRR during the standard infusion (3-4 h) and 90-min SDI regimens. This study enrolled 208 patients and all completed cycle 1. Forty-one patients (19.71%) had IRRs: five (2.40%) with grade 1, twenty-eight (13.46%) with grade 2, and eight (3.85%) with grade 3. The 41 patients had 71 IRRs, mainly fever (40.85%), chest pain/tightness (12.68%), and dyspnea (9.86%). The occurrence of IRRs in the first infusion was significantly lower in patients who received oral acetaminophen prophylaxis than those who did not (10.72% vs 30.21%, P<0.001). For the subsequent cycles with 90-min SDI, only two (0.25%) IRRs occurred among 814 infusions (one grade 1 hand numbness and one grade 2 chill/fever). The 90-min obinutuzumab SDI might be safe and feasible in patients with B-cell NHL in China.

Safety of a 90-min duration of intravenous infusion of obinutuzumab in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma in a tertiary hospital in China: a prospective, open-label, exploratory clinical trial.

This study aimed to analyze the safety and applicability of a 90-min duration of infusion (SDI) of obinutuzumab in patients with B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in a tertiary hospital in China. This exploratory clinical trial was performed at Jiangsu Province Hospital. All patients were treated with the standard infusion regimen for the first infusion. If no grade ≥3 infusion-related reactions (IRRs) occurred, the subsequent infusions were given as SDI. The primary endpoint was the incidence of IRR during the standard infusion (3-4 h) and 90-min SDI regimens. This study enrolled 208 patients and all completed cycle 1. Forty-one patients (19.71%) had IRRs: five (2.40%) with grade 1, twenty-eight (13.46%) with grade 2, and eight (3.85%) with grade 3. The 41 patients had 71 IRRs, mainly fever (40.85%), chest pain/tightness (12.68%), and dyspnea (9.86%). The occurrence of IRRs in the first infusion was significantly lower in patients who received oral acetaminophen prophylaxis than those who did not (10.72% vs 30.21%, P<0.001). For the subsequent cycles with 90-min SDI, only two (0.25%) IRRs occurred among 814 infusions (one grade 1 hand numbness and one grade 2 chill/fever). The 90-min obinutuzumab SDI might be safe and feasible in patients with B-cell NHL in China.

The Reactivation of working memory representations affects attentional guidance.

Recent studies have suggested that the neural activity that supported working memory (WM) storage is dynamic over time and this dynamic storage decides memory performance. Does the temporal dynamic of the WM representation also affect visual search, and how does it interact with distractor suppression over time? To address these issues, we tracked the time course of the reactivation of WM representations during visual search by analyzing the electroencephalogram (EEG) and event-related optical signals (EROS) in Experiments 1 and 2, respectively, and investigated the interaction between the representation reactivation and distractor suppression in Experiment 3. Participants had to maintain a color in WM under high- or low-precision requirement and perform a subsequent search task. The reactivation of WM representations was defined by the above-chance decoding accuracy. The EEG results showed that compared with the low-precision requirement, WM-matching distractors captured more attention and the WM representation were reactivated more frequently under high-precision requirement. The EROS results showed that compared with the low-precision requirement, the increased activity in occipital cortex in the WM-matching versus WM-mismatching conditions was observed at 224 ms during visual search under high-precision requirement. Regression analysis showed that the representation reactivation during visual search directly predicted the behavioral WM-based attentional capture effect, while the representation reactivation before visual search impacted the WM-based attentional capture effect through the mediation of distractor suppression during visual search. These results suggest that the reactivation of WM representations and distractor suppression collectively determine WM-based attentional capture.

Diagnosis and surgical outcomes of coarctation of the aorta in pediatric patients: a retrospective study.

Background: Coarctation of the aorta (CoA) is a common congenital cardiovascular malformation, and improvements in the diagnostic process for surgical decision-making are important. We sought to compare the diagnostic accuracy of transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) with computed tomographic angiography (CTA) to diagnose CoA. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 197 cases of CoA diagnosed by TTE and CTA and confirmed at surgery from July 2009 to August 2019. Results: The surgical findings confirmed that 19 patients (9.6%) had isolated CoA and 178 (90.4%) had CoA combined with other congenital cardiovascular malformations. The diagnostic accuracy of CoA by CTA was significantly higher than that of TTE (χ2 = 6.52, p = 0.01). In contrast, the diagnostic accuracy of TTE for associated cardiovascular malformations of CoA was significantly higher than that of CTA (χ2 = 15.36, p < 0.0001). Infants and young children had more preductal type of CoA, and PDA was the most frequent cardiovascular lesion associated with CoA. The pressure gradient was significantly decreased after the first operation, similar at 6 months, 1 year, and 3 years follow-ups by TTE. Conclusions: CTA is more accurate as a clinical tool for diagnosing CoA; however, TTE with color Doppler can better identify associated congenital cardiovascular malformations. Therefore, combining TTE and CTA would benefit clinical evaluation and management in patients suspected of CoA. TTE was valuable for post-operation follow-up and clinical management.

Cotton RSG2 Mediates Plant Resistance against Verticillium dahliae by miR482b Regulation.

Cotton Verticillium wilt, mainly caused by Verticillium dahliae, has a serious impact on the yield and quality of cotton fiber. Many microRNAs (miRNAs) have been identified to participate in plant resistance to V. dahliae infection, but the exploration of miRNA's function mechanism in plant defense is needed. Here, we demonstrate that the ghr-miR482b-GhRSG2 module mediates cotton plant resistance to V. dahliae infection. Based on the mRNA degradation data and GUS fusion experiments, ghr-miR482b directedly bonds to GhRSG2 mRNA to lead to its degradation. The knockdown and overexpression of ghr-miR482b through virus-induced gene silencing strategies enhanced (decreased by 0.39-fold in disease index compared with the control) and weakened (increased by 0.46-fold) the plant resistance to V. dahliae, respectively. In addition, silencing GhRSG2 significantly increased (increased by 0.93-fold in disease index) the plant sensitivity to V. dahliae compared with the control plants treated with empty vector. The expression levels of two SA-related disease genes, GhPR1 and GhPR2, significantly decreased in GhRSG2-silenced plants by 0.71 and 0.67 times, respectively, and in ghr-miR482b-overexpressed (OX) plants by 0.59 and 0.75 times, respectively, compared with the control, whereas the expression levels of GhPR1 and GhPR2 were significantly increased by 1.21 and 2.59 times, respectively, in ghr-miR482b knockdown (KD) plants. In sum, the ghr-miR482b-GhRSG2 module participates in the regulation of plant defense against V. dahliae by inducing the expression of PR1 and PR2 genes.

Investigation on the Ductility Capacity of Concrete Columns with High Strength Steel Reinforcement under Eccentric Loading.

Ductility-based structural design is currently the mainstream method. In order to analyze the ductility performance of concrete columns with high-strength steel reinforcements under eccentric compression, corresponding experimental studies have been performed. Numerical models were established, and their reliability was verified. Based on the numerical models, the parameter analysis was carried out, where eccentricity, concrete strength, and reinforcement ratio were considered to systematically discuss the ductility of the concrete column section with high-strength steel reinforcement. The results show that the ductility of the section under eccentric compression increases with the strength of the concrete and eccentricity, and decreases with the reinforcement ratio. Finally, a simplified calculation formula capable of quantitatively evaluating the section ductility was proposed.

Placental mesenchymal stem cells ameliorate NLRP3 inflammasome-induced ovarian insufficiency by modulating macrophage M2 polarization.

BACKGROUND: Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a common clinical problem, however, there are currently no effective therapies. Pyroptosis induced by the NLRP3 inflammasome is considered a possible mechanism of POI. Placental mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) have excellent immunomodulatory potential and offer a promising method for treating POI. METHODS: Female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four treatment groups: control (no POI), POI with no PMSCs, POI with PMSCs transplant, and POI with hormones (estrogen + progesterone) as positive control. POI was induced by exposure to 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide (VCD) for 15 days. After four weeks, all animals were euthanized and examined for pathology. Hormone levels were measured and ovarian function was evaluated in relation to the estrous cycle. Levels of NLRP3 inflammasome pathway proteins were determined by immunohistochemistry and western blot. RESULTS: VCD significantly damaged rat follicles at different estrous stages. Injection of human PMSCs improved ovarian function and reproductive ability of POI rats compared to the sham and hormone groups. Our data also showed that PMSCs markedly suppress cell pyroptosis via downregulation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, caspase-1, IL-1ß and IL-18 compared to the other two groups. The human PMSCs increased the expression of IL-4 and IL-10 and decreased pro-inflammatory factors by phenotypic changes in macrophages. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed a novel mechanism of follicular dysfunction and ovarian fibrosis via activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome followed by secretion of pro-inflammatory factors. Transplantation of PMSCs into POI rats suppressed pro-inflammatory factor production, NLRP3 inflammasome formation and pyroptosis, and improved ovarian function.

TPBTE: A model based on convolutional Transformer for predicting the binding of TCR to epitope.

T cell receptors (TCRs) selectively bind to antigens to fight pathogens with specific immunity. Current tools focus on the nature of amino acids within sequences and take less into account the nature of amino acids far apart and the relationship between sequences, leading to significant differences in the results from different datasets. We propose TPBTE, a model based on convolutional Transformer for Predicting the Binding of TCR to Epitope. It takes epitope sequences and the complementary decision region 3 (CDR3) sequences of TCRß chain as inputs. And it uses a convolutional attention mechanism to learn amino acid representations between different positions of the sequences based on learning local features of the sequences. At the same time, it uses cross attention to learn the interaction information between TCR sequences and epitope sequences. A comprehensive evaluation of the TCR-epitope data shows that the average area under the curve of TPBTE outperforms the baseline model, and demonstrate an intentional performance. In addition, TPBTE can give the probability of binding TCR to epitopes, which can be used as the first step of epitope screening, narrowing the scope of epitope search and reducing the time of epitope search.

The cotton miR530-SAP6 module activated by systemic acquired resistance mediates plant defense against Verticillium dahliae.

Many cotton miRNAs in root responding to Verticillium dahliae infection have been identified. Conversely, the miRNAs in leaf distantly responding to this fungal infection from roots via systemic acquired resistance (SAR) remain to be explored. Here, we constructed two groups of leaf sRNA libraries in cotton treated with V. dahliae via root-dipped method at 7- and 10-day post inoculation. Analysis of high-throughput sRNA sequencing identified 75 known and 379 novel miRNAs, of which 41 miRNAs significantly differentially expressed in fungal treatment plant leaves compared to the mock treatment at two time points. Then we characterized the cotton miR530-SAP6 module as a representative in the distant response to V. dahliae infection in roots. Based on degradome data and a luciferase (LUC) fusion reporter analysis, ghr-miR530 directedly cleaved GhSAP6 mRNA during the post-transcriptional process. Silencing of ghr-miR530 increased plant defense to this fungus, while its overexpression attenuated plant resistance. In link with ghr-miR530 function, the knockdown of GhSAP6 also decreased the plant resistance, resulting from down-regulation of SA-relative gene expression including GhNPR1 and GhPR1. In all, these results demonstrated that there are numerous miRNAs in leaf distantly responding to V. dahliae infection in roots mediate plant immunity.

Evolution of the strength characteristics of briquette and raw coal containing fluid.

The mechanical properties of coal containing fluid are an important factor affecting the safe mining of soft coal seams. In particular, for class III-V coal, coal and gas outbursts and other dynamic phenomena are prone to occur due to the influences of gas pressure and groundwater, which seriously threaten the safety and lives of field workers. However, briquette samples are usually used in place of raw coal in laboratory tests conducted on class III-V coal samples. Whether the research conclusions for briquette and raw coal are consistent and whether briquette coal can replace raw coal in research on strength characteristics need to be further verified. In this paper, the evolution of the strength characteristics of fluid-bearing briquette coal and raw coal is studied. The strength characteristics, instability failure characteristics, and acoustic emission characteristics of raw coal and briquette coal under uniaxial and triaxial compression are analyzed in detail. In addition, the influence of the water content and pore pressure on the strength characteristics of class III-V raw coal and briquette coal is further studied. The results show that the failure characteristic of raw coal is overall brittle failure, mainly axial splitting failure, whereas that of briquette is overall ductile failure, mainly cone-shaped continuous spalling. The strength parameters of the raw coal and briquette coal improve under confining pressure, but the internal difference in the raw coal is significantly reduced. The cohesion of the raw coal sample initially increases and then decreases with increasing water content, and the internal friction angle increases with increasing water content. In addition, it is verified that the strength, cohesion, elastic modulus, and deformation modulus of the briquette decrease with increasing pore pressure under different pore pressures, but the strength difference of the class III-V coal decreases under increasing pore pressure. Based on the abovementioned results, the strength parameters of a coal body are estimated using the Hoek-Brown (H-B) criterion. Based on a comparison of the strength parameters of the coal sample and coal body, the estimated strength parameters of the coal body are closer to the actual values on site.

Current perspectives of lncRNAs in abiotic and biotic stress tolerance in plants.

Abiotic/biotic stresses pose a major threat to agriculture and food security by impacting plant growth, productivity and quality. The discovery of extensive transcription of large RNA transcripts that do not code for proteins, termed long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) with sizes larger than 200 nucleotides in length, provides an important new perspective on the centrality of RNA in gene regulation. In plants, lncRNAs are widespread and fulfill multiple biological functions in stress response. In this paper, the research advances on the biological function of lncRNA in plant stress response were summarized, like as Natural Antisense Transcripts (NATs), Competing Endogenous RNAs (ceRNAs) and Chromatin Modification etc. And in plants, lncRNAs act as a key regulatory hub of several phytohormone pathways, integrating abscisic acid (ABA), jasmonate (JA), salicylic acid (SA) and redox signaling in response to many abiotic/biotic stresses. Moreover, conserved sequence motifs and structural motifs enriched within stress-responsive lncRNAs may also be responsible for the stress-responsive functions of lncRNAs, it will provide a new focus and strategy for lncRNA research. Taken together, we highlight the unique role of lncRNAs in integrating plant response to adverse environmental conditions with different aspects of plant growth and development. We envisage that an improved understanding of the mechanisms by which lncRNAs regulate plant stress response may further promote the development of unconventional approaches for breeding stress-resistant crops.

Reliability Analysis of Concrete Beam with High-Strength Steel Reinforcement.

In concrete structures, replacing conventional steel bars with high-strength steel reinforcement (HSSR) can effectively save the use of materials. However, the deformation properties and strength dispersion of HSSR are different from those of conventional steel reinforcement, which restricts or conservatively uses them in practical applications. For example, the partial safety factor of HRB500 grade steel bars (the yield strength is 500 MPa) in guideline GB50010-2010 is larger than that of conventional steel bars, and there is no relevant guidance for HRB600 grade steel bars (the yield strength is 600 MPa). Based on this, this paper will propose the limit state design method of high-strength steel reinforced concrete beam (HSSRCB) based on reliability analysis, which is convenient for the popularization and use of HSSR. Firstly, the flexural performance test of HSSRCBs was introduced, and the flexural capacity of HSSRCB was analyzed based on the existing prediction model. Second, a sectional numerical analysis model was established, where the section was discretized into several points, and then the curvature was gradually increased to obtain the corresponding bending moment through integration. A large number of samples were calculated to obtain statistical characteristics of the error of prediction model. Then, the limit state functions were established for two kinds of format, including partial safety factor format (PSSF) and resistance reduction factor format (RRFF), respectively, and the reliability of HSSRCBs was analyzed based on Monte Carlo simulation. Finally, the recommended values of partial safety factor of material and reduction factor of bearing capacity were proposed, in which the design strength of HRB500 and HRB600 reinforcement was 454 MPa and 545 MPa for PSSF, respectively, and the resistance reduction factor for the flexural capacity of HSSRCB was 0.8 and 0.75 for RRFF, respectively.

Roles of microRNAs in abiotic stress response and characteristics regulation of plant.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of non-coding endogenous small RNAs (long 20-24 nucleotides) that negatively regulate eukaryotes gene expression at post-transcriptional level via cleavage or/and translational inhibition of targeting mRNA. Based on the diverse roles of miRNA in regulating eukaryotes gene expression, research on the identification of miRNA target genes has been carried out, and a growing body of research has demonstrated that miRNAs act on target genes and are involved in various biological functions of plants. It has an important influence on plant growth and development, morphogenesis, and stress response. Recent case studies indicate that miRNA-mediated regulation pattern may improve agronomic properties and confer abiotic stress resistance of plants, so as to ensure sustainable agricultural production. In this regard, we focus on the recent updates on miRNAs and their targets involved in responding to abiotic stress including low temperature, high temperature, drought, soil salinity, and heavy metals, as well as plant-growing development. In particular, this review highlights the diverse functions of miRNAs on achieving the desirable agronomic traits in important crops. Herein, the main research strategies of miRNAs involved in abiotic stress resistance and crop traits improvement were summarized. Furthermore, the miRNA-related challenges and future perspectives of plants have been discussed. miRNA-based research lays the foundation for exploring miRNA regulatory mechanism, which aims to provide insights into a potential form of crop improvement and stress resistance breeding.

A Novel Tree Shrew Model of Chronic Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis and Its Disruptive Application.

Background: Previous studies have established several animal models for experimental autoimmune uveitis (EAU) in rodents without the fovea centralis in the human retina. This study aimed to develop and explore the application of a novel EAU model in tree shrews with a cone-dominated retina resembling the human fovea. Methods: Tree shrews were clinically and pathologically evaluated for the development and characteristics of EAU immunized with six inter-photoreceptor retinoid-binding proteins (IRBPs). IRBP-specific T-cell proliferation and serum cytokine of tree shrews were evaluated to determine the immune responses. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified in the eyes of tree shrews with EAU by RNA-sequencing. The disruptive effects of the DEG RGS4 inhibitor CCG 203769 and dihydroartemisinin on the EAU were investigated to evaluate the potential application of tree shrew EAU. Results: IRBP1197-1211 and R14 successfully induced chronic EAU with subretinal deposits and retinal damage in the tree shrews. The immunological characteristics presented the predominant infiltration of microglia/macrophages, dendritic cells, and CD4-T-cells into the uvea and retina and pathogenic T helper (Th) 1 and Th17 responses. The subretinal deposits positively expressed amyloid ß-protein (Aß), CD8, and P2Y purinoceptor 12 (P2RY12). The crucial DEGs in R14-induced EAU, such as P2RY2 and adenylate cyclase 4 (ADCY4), were enriched for several pathways, including inflammatory mediator regulation of transient receptor potential (TRP) channels. The upregulated RGS4 in IRBP-induced EAU was associated with mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) activity. RGS4 inhibition and dihydroartemisinin could significantly alleviate the retinal pathological injuries of IRBP1197-1211-induced EAU by decreasing the expression of CD4 T-cells. Conclusion: Our study provides a novel chronic EAU in tree shrews elicited by bovine R14 and tree shrew IRBP1197-1211 characterized by retinal degeneration, retinal damage with subretinal Aß deposits and microglia/macrophage infiltration, and T-cell response, probably by altering important pathways and genes related to bacterial invasion, inflammatory pain, microglial phagocytosis, and lipid and glucose metabolism. The findings advance the knowledge of the pathogenesis and therapeutics of the fovea-involved visual disturbance in human uveitis.

TGIF1 Knockdown Inhibits the Proliferation and Invasion of Gastric Cancer via AKT Signaling Pathway.

INTRODUCTION: Gastric cancer is a kind of cancer with high mortality. TGIF1, as a transcription inhibitor, can inhibit the transcription of specific genes. The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of TGIF1 in gastric cancer by knocking down TGIF1. METHODS: The expression of TGIF1 was detected by qPCR and Western blotting; CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell, and wound-healing assay were used to evaluate the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells; cell apoptosis was analyzed by flow cytometry and Hoechst-PI double staining; cell cycle was detected by flow cytometry. Gelatinase experiment was performed to detect the expression level of MMP-2; apoptosis related proteins and AKT singling pathway were assessed by Western blotting. RESULTS: Knockdown of TGIF1 inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells and promoted apoptosis. TGIF1 knockdown down-regulated the expression levels of MMP-2, Bcl2, CyclinD1, and p-Akt, and up-regulated the expression levels of Bax and Caspase3. These data suggested that knockdown of TGIF1 inhibited the development of gastric cancer via AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION: TGIF1 knockdown inhibited the proliferation, migration, and invasion and promoted apoptosis of gastric cancer cells via the AKT signaling pathway, suggesting that TGIF1 is considered a potential inhibitor in gastric cancer.

Moxibustion therapy for treating psoriasis vulgaris: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis vulgaris (PV) is an immune-mediated skin disease, which has seriously affected the quality of life of patients. At present, moxibustion therapy has been widely used in the treatment of PV. The purpose of this study is to provide high-quality evidence-based medicine to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for PV. METHODS: We will search the following Electronic databases from their inceptions to February 2021 without any language limitation: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WangFang Database, Chinese Science Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. What's more, the grey literature and the references of all included literature will also be retrieved manually. Any clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to moxibustion therapy for PV will be taken into. In order to complete data synthesis and assess the risk of bias, we will use the RevMan V.5.3 software. RESULTS: This systematic review will provide an assessment of the current state of moxibustion for PV, aiming to assess the efficacy and safety of moxibustion for patients with PV. CONCLUSION: This systematic review will establish convincing evidence to prove the effectiveness and safety of moxibustion for PV. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202120008.

Fire needle therapy for blood stasis syndrome of plaque psoriasis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Plaque psoriasis (PSO) is a common clinical chronic inflammatory skin disease. The incidence rate is increasing year by year due to the fast pace of work and unhealthy diet. Fire needle has been widely used in the treatment of PSO. However, the efficacy of fire needle for PSO is uncertain. Thus, the purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fire needle for PSO (blood stasis syndrome). METHODS: The following electronic databases will be searched from inception to October 2020:PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, WangFang Database, Chinese Science Journal Database, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database. In addition, other documents that meet the requirements will be manually searched, including conference papers, dissertations, etc. All randomized controlled trials using fire needle to treat PSO (blood stasis syndrome) that meet the criteria for inclusion will be included. The primary outcomes are clinical efficacy, Psoriasis area and severity index. Secondary outcomes include Itchy, TCM evaluation standard syndrome score, Dermatological quality of life index, and adverse events. To complete data synthesis and assess the risk of bias, we will use the RevMan V.5.3 software. RESULTS: The review results will be published in a peer-reviewed journal. CONCLUSION: This study will provide high-quality evidence based medicine to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of fire needle for PSO (blood stasis syndrome), and further seek its scientific and effective chinese medicine treatment methods. INPLASY REGISTRATION NUMBER: INPLASY202120007.

Coordinatively Unsaturated Metal-Nitrogen Active Sites at Twisted Surfaces in Metallic Porous Nitride Single Crystals Delivering Enhanced Electrocatalysis Activity.

To create active sites on surfaces, the identification of structural features that could confine the local-defect structure in the lattice is required. Porous nitride single crystals, combining the advantages of porosity and structural coherence, provide the possibility to create coordinatively unsaturated metal-nitrogen active sites confined on surfaces. For the first time, ordered active sites and tailor the atomically resolved Fe-N and Co-N local structures are created through control of the unsaturated nitrogen coordination at twisted surfaces in porous single-crystalline Fen N (n=2-4) and Con N (n=1-3) nanocubes. The precise tailoring of the electronic structures of these coordinatively unsaturated active sites therefore engineer the catalytic activity. Optimum electrocatalysis performances are observed with the porous Fe4 N and Co3 N nanocubes with highly unsaturated nitrogen coordination for selective nitrate reduction to ammonia and nitrobenzene amination to aminobenzene, while the structural coherence of these porous nitride single crystals delivers excellent durability.

Highly Dispersed and Small-Sized Nickel(II) Hydroxide Co-Catalyst Prepared by Photodeposition for Hydrogen Production.

Photodeposition has been widely used as a mild and efficient synthetic method to deposit co-catalysts. It is also worth studying how to synthesize non-noble metal photocatalysts with uniform dispersion. Different synthetic conditions in photodeposition have a certain influence on particle size distribution and photocatalytic activity. Therefore, we designed experiments to prepare the inexpensive composite photocatalyst Ni(OH)2 /g-C3 N4 by photodeposition. The Ni(OH)2 co-catalysts disperse uniformly with particle sizes of about 10 nm. The photocatalytic hydrogen production rate of Ni(OH)2 /g-C3 N4 reached about 19 mmol g-1 h-1 , with the Ni(OH)2 deposition amount about 1.57 %. During 16 h stability testing, the rate of hydrogen production did not decrease significantly. The composite catalyst also revealed a good hydrogen production performance under sunlight. The Ni(OH)2 co-catalyst enhanced the separation ability of photogenerated carriers, which was proved by surface photovoltage and fluorescence analysis.