Fluorescence spectroscopic profiling of urine samples for predicting kidney transplant rejection.

Rejection is the primary factor affecting the functionality of a kidney post-transplant, where its prompt prediction of risk significantly influences therapeutic strategies and clinical outcomes. Current graft health assessment methods, including serum creatinine measurements and transplant kidney puncture biopsies, possess considerable limitations. In contrast, urine serves as a direct indicator of the graft's degenerative stage and provides a more accurate measure than peripheral blood analysis, given its non-invasive collection of kidney-specific metabolite. This research entailed collecting fluorescent fingerprint data from 120 urine samples of post-renal transplant patients using hyperspectral imaging, followed by the development of a learning model to detect various forms of immunological rejection. The model successfully identified multiple rejection types with an average diagnostic accuracy of 95.56 %.Beyond proposing an innovative approach for predicting the risk of complications post-kidney transplantation, this study heralds the potential introduction of a non-invasive, rapid, and accurate supplementary method for risk assessment in clinical practice.

A large-format streak tube for compressed ultrafast photography.

Streak cameras are powerful imaging instruments for studying ultrafast dynamics with the temporal resolution ranging from picosecond to attosecond. However, the confined detection area limits the information capacity of streak cameras, preventing them from fulfilling their potential in lidar, compressed ultrafast photography, etc. Here, we designed and manufactured a large-format streak tube with a large-size round-aperture gate, a spherical cathode, and a spherical screen, leading to an expanded detection area and a high spatial resolution. The simulation results show that the physical temporal resolution of the streak tube is better than 45 ps and the spatial resolutions are higher than 14 lp/mm in the whole area of 24 × 28 mm2 on the cathode. The experiments demonstrate the streak tube's application potential in weak light imaging benefiting from the imaging magnification of 0.79, a photocathode radiance sensitivity of 37 mA/W, a radiant emitting gain of 11.6 at the wavelength of 500 nm, and a dynamic range higher than 512:1. Most importantly, in the photocathode area of Φ35 mm, the static spatial resolutions at the center and the edge along the slit (R = 16 mm) reach 32 and 28 lp/mm, respectively, and are higher than 10 lp/mm in the whole area of 24 × 28 mm2 on the cathode, allowing for a considerable capacity for spatial information.

Palladium-catalyzed Heck cyclization/carbonylation with formates: synthesis of azaindoline-3-acetates and furoazaindolines.

We report herein a palladium-catalyzed domino cyclization/carbonylation to access ester-functionalized azaindolines, applying formates as a convenient carbonyl source. All four azaindoline isomers were constructed, exhibiting good functional group compatibility. On this basis, modifying the starting tether on the aminopyridine led to furoazaindolines via an intramolecular reductive cyclization after the palladium-catalyzed process.

[Endovascular treatment of ruptured aneurysms located at anterior communicating artery complex: a sixty-six cases report].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the endovascular treatments for the ruptured aneurysms located at anterior communicating artery complex (ACoAC). METHODS: The data of patients with ruptured ACoAC aneurysms treated in Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital to Fourth Military Medical University from May 2013 to December 2014 was retrospectively analyzed. Sixty-six cases were recruited including 50 male and 16 female patients. The patients aged from 31 to 69 years old, averaging (51±8) years. The Hunt-Hess grade at admission were 13 cases with grade Ⅰ, 36 cases with grade Ⅱ, 11 cases with grade Ⅲ, and 6 cases with grade Ⅳ. The most diameter of aneurysms sac: 14 cases less than or equal to 3 mm, 36 cases more than 3 mm but less than or equal to 7 mm, and 16 cases more than 7 mm. The height diameter/neck width ratio: 8 cases with absolute wide neck, 50 cases with relatively wide neck, and 8 cases with narrow neck. There were 28 cases underwent single micro-catheter embolization, 18 cases underwent double micro-catheters embolization, 14 cases underwent stent-assisted embolization and 6 cases underwent balloon-assisted embolization. The patients were followed up for 6 to 12 months and evaluated by modified Rankin score (mRS) and digital subtraction angiography (DSA). The ratio of total embolization, recurrence rate, and time from operation to reexamination of four groups managed by different endovascular treatment were compared by χ(2) test or F test. RESULTS: Sixty cases were totally embolized, 3 cases subtotally embolized, 3 cases incompletely embolized. Mild hemiparalysis and aphasia occurred in 2 cases, and 1 case died of infarction induced by subarachnoid haemorrhage. The mRS at six months after operation were 0 in 31 cases, 1 in 22 cases, 2 in 8 cases, 3 in 2 cases, 4 in 2 cases, 6 in 1 case. All the included cases reexamined the DSA at averaging (7.5±1.0) month post-operatively and 4 cases recurred. There were not significant differences of the ratio of total embolization, recurrence rate, time from operation to reexamination among four groups (all P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The endovascular treatment maybe an ideal management for ruptured ACoAC aneurysms.

[Establishment and identification of Jurkat cell xenograft mouse models with over-expression of C-terminal Src kinase binding protein].

OBJECTIVE: To establish xenograft mouse models of Jurkat T-leukemia cells over-expressing C-terminal Src kinase binding protein (CBP). METHODS: The 5-week-old female BALB/c-nu mice were randomly divided into blank control group, normal Jurkat cell control group, empty virus-transfected Jurkat cell control group and CBP over-expression model group, 5 mice in each group. The mice were subcutaneously injected 1×10(7)/0.1 mL Jurkat cells in axillary area. The tumor tissues of mouse models were weighed and then subjected to HE staining to observe the pathological changes of tumor tissues. The proliferation of Jurkat cells in the peripheral blood of mice was detected by flow cytometry, and the interleukin 2 (IL-2) levels in mouse sera were determined with ELISA. RESULTS: The volume of tumor tissues in the CBP over-expression model group was smaller than that in the control groups, so was the mass of tumor tissues. HE staining showed the proliferation of Jurkat cells in tumor tissues of the model group. The proliferation rate of Jurkat cells in the peripheral blood and IL-2 levels in the sera of the CBP over-expression model group were lower than those in the normal Jurkat cell control group and the empty virus-transfected Jurkat cell control group. CONCLUSION: The mouse models of Jurkat T-leukemia cells over-expressing CBP have been established successfully. Up-regulated CBP has inhibitory effects on the proliferation of Jurkat cells and IL-2 secretion.