ABSTRACT
Since this article has been suspected of research misconduct and the corresponding authors did not respond to our request to prove originality of data and figures, "Long noncoding RNA AFAP1-AS1 promoted osteosarcoma proliferation and invasion via upregulating BDNF, by B.-M. Zhao, F.-H. Cheng, L. Cai, published in Eur Rev Med Pharmacol Sci 2019; 23 (7): 2744-2749-DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_201904_17547-PMID: 31002124" has been withdrawn. The Publisher apologizes for any inconvenience this may cause. https://www.europeanreview.org/article/17547.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: Recently, long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have got much attention for their role in tumor progression. LncRNA AFAP1-AS1 was studied in this research to identify how it affects the development and proliferation of osteosarcoma. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The mRNA expression of AFAP1-AS1 in osteosarcoma cells and tissue samples was detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Moreover, cell proliferation assay and Matrigel assay were performed. Furthermore, the underlying mechanism was explored by using qRT-PCR and Western blot assay. RESULTS: The expression level of AFAP1-AS1 was higher in osteosarcoma samples than that in adjacent tissues. In addition, the proliferation and invasion were inhibited after AFAP1-AS1 was downregulated in vitro. Besides, the mRNA and protein expression levels of brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) were reduced after downregulation of AFAP1-AS1. Furthermore, the expression level of BDNF was positively related to the expression of AFAP1-AS1 in osteosarcoma tissues. CONCLUSIONS: AFAP1-AS1 could enhance the proliferation and invasion of osteosarcoma cells by upregulating BDNF, which might be a potential therapeutic target in osteosarcoma.
Subject(s)
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor/genetics , Neoplasm Invasiveness/genetics , Osteosarcoma/genetics , RNA, Long Noncoding/genetics , Disease Progression , Down-Regulation , Humans , Neoplasm Invasiveness/pathology , Osteosarcoma/pathology , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To observe the analgesic and antispasmodic effects of Guang Tong Xiao Aerosol (GTXA). METHOD: Writhing test and tail-flick of physical stimulation were made to study the analgesic effect on mice and rats. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: GTXA given by gastrogavage in dose of 18.75 g.kg-1 or 12.50 g.kg-1 could markedly raise the pain threshold after chemical stimulation in mice and physical stimulation in rats, and had antispasmodic effects.
Subject(s)
Analgesics, Non-Narcotic/pharmacology , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacology , Parasympatholytics/pharmacology , Aerosols , Animals , Drug Combinations , Female , Male , Mice , Muscle Contraction/drug effects , Pain Threshold/drug effects , Random Allocation , Rats , Rectum/drug effectsABSTRACT
Changes in oxygen consumption, body temperature and energy metabolism were studied while mice were repeatedly exposed to a sealed environment. The average tolerance limits of environmental oxygen level (vol%) and the average oxygen consumption rates (ml/g x min) were exponentially decreased and the average body rectal temperatures (degrees C) were linearly declined while the average tolerable times (min) to hypoxia were linearly increased as animals were repeatedly exposed to hypoxia for 5 runs. The average survival times (min) in sealed environments after administration of normal saline, iodoacetic acid, malonic acid, potassium cyanide, and potassium cyanide plus iodoacetic acid in group exposed repeatedly to hypoxia for three runs were, respectively, 3.1, 3.9, 1.4, 2.6, and 2.8 times those of the control groups that had corresponding administration of the different chemicals, but no exposure to hypoxia. The results indicate that progressive increase in hypoxia tolerance is related to progressively lower rate of oxygen consumption and heat production, and the lowered energy requirement during repetitive exposure to hypoxia is achieved mainly via pathways of the respiratory chain and glycolysis.