Comprehensive Analysis of a Six-Gene Signature Predicting Survival and Immune Infiltration of Liposarcoma Patients and Deciphering Its Therapeutic Significance.

BACKGROUND: As a common soft tissue sarcoma, liposarcoma (LPS) is a heterogeneous malignant tumor derived from adipose tissue. Due to the high risk of metastasis and recurrence, the prognosis of LPS remains unfavorable. To improve clinical treatment, a robust risk prediction model is essential to evaluate the prognosis of LPS patients. METHODS: By comprehensive analysis of data derived from GEO datasets, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained. Univariate and Lasso Cox regressions were subsequently employed to reveal distant recurrence-free survival (DRFS)-associated DEGs and develop a prognostic gene signature, which was assessed by Kaplan-Meier survival and ROC curve. GSEA and immune infiltration analyses were conducted to illuminate molecular mechanisms and immune correlations of this model in LPS progression. Furthermore, a correlation analysis was involved to decipher the therapeutic significance of this model for LPS. RESULTS: A six-gene signature was developed to predict DRFS of LPS patients and showed higher precision performance in more aggressive LPS subtypes. Then, a nomogram was further established for clinical application based on this risk model. Via GSEA, the high-risk group was significantly enriched in cell cycle-related pathways. In the LPS microenvironment, neutrophils, memory B cells and resting mast cells exhibited significant differences in cell abundance between high-risk and low-risk patients. Moreover, this model was significantly correlated with therapeutic targets. CONCLUSION: A prognostic six-gene signature was developed and significantly associated with cell cycle pathways and therapeutic target genes, which could provide new insights into risk assessment of LPS progression and therapeutic strategies for LPS patients to improve their prognosis.

The key role of unique crystalline property in the hydrolytic degradation process of microcrystalline cellulose-reinforced stereo-complexed poly(lactic acid) composites.

Stereo-complexed poly(lactic acid) (SC-PLA) has unique stereo-complexed crystallites (SC) and homogeneous crystallites (HC), but the effect of this special crystalline property on the hydrolytic degradation of SC-PLA has not been researched. In this study, the hygrothermal aging behaviour of injection-molded SC-PLA and SC-PLA/microcrystalline cellulose (MCC) composites at different temperatures (25 °C and 60 °C) was investigated from micro- and macroscopic perspectives. The results demonstrated that the hydrolysis of SC-PLA was sequentially dominated by the amorphous region, the homogeneous crystalline region, the stereo-complexed crystalline region (three stages). The hydrolytic degradation of SC-PLA only completed the first stage after 4 weeks aging at 25 °C, while it was in the third stage after 4 weeks aging at 60 °C. On this basis, the accelerating effect of 10 wt% MCC on the hydrolysis process of SC-PLA at different stages was investigated. It was found that MCC shortened the hydrolysis time in the stereo-complexed crystalline region by reducing the rearrangement of amorphous structure to form SC and causing cracks and interfacial deterioration by water absorption-swelling-degradation. In addition, the thermal properties and impact strength of SC-PLA and SC-PLA/MCC composites decreased dramatically due to rapid hydrolytic degradation at 60 °C. Overall, the results of this study can provide theoretical basis for the application of SC-PLA and SC-PLA/MCC composites in hygrothermal environment.

The chemical composition of Diwu YangGan capsule and its potential inhibitory roles on hepatocellular carcinoma by microarray-based transcriptomics.

The Traditional Chinese Medicine compound preparation known as Diwu Yanggan capsule (DWYG) can effectively hinder the onset and progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which is recognized worldwide as a significant contributor to fatalities associated with cancer. Nevertheless, the precise mechanisms implicated have remained ambiguous. In present study, the model of HCC was set up by the 2-acetylaminofluorene (2-AAF)/partial hepatectomy (PH) in rats. To confirm the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the microarray analysis, real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) was conducted. In the meantime, the liquid chromatography-quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS) was employed to characterize the component profile of DWYG. Consequently, the DWYG treatment exhibited the ability to reverse 51 variation genes induced by 2-AAF/PH. Additionally, there was an overlap of 54 variation genes between the normal and model groups. Upon conducting RT-qPCR analysis, it was observed that the expression levels of all genes were increased by 2-AAF/PH and subsequently reversed after DWYG treatment. Notably, the fold change of expression levels for all genes was below 0.5, with 3 genes falling below 0.25. Moreover, an investigation was conducted to determine the signaling pathway that was activated/inhibited in the HCC group and subsequently reversed in the DWYG group. Moreover, the component profile of DWYG encompassed a comprehensive compilation of 206 compounds that were identified or characterized. The findings of this study elucidated the potential alleviative mechanisms of DWYG in the context of HCC, thereby holding significant implications for its future clinical utilization and widespread adoption.

Potential Protective Factors for Allergic Rhinitis Patients Infected with COVID-19.

At the beginning of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic, airway allergic diseases such as asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) were considered as risk factors for COVID-19, as they would aggravate symptoms. With further research, more and more literature has shown that airway allergic disease may not be a high-risk factor, but may be a protective factor for COVID-19 infection, which is closely related to its low-level expression of the ACE2 receptor and the complex cytokines network as underlying molecular regulatory mechanisms. In addition, steroid hormones and age factors could not be ignored. In this review, we have summarized some current evidence on the relationship between COVID-19 and allergic rhinitis to highlight the underlying mechanisms of COVID-19 infection and provide novel insights for its prevention and treatment. The key findings show that allergic rhinitis and its related molecular mechanisms may have a protective effect against COVID-19 infection.

The Milk of Cows Immunized with Trivalent Inactivated Vaccines Provides Broad-Spectrum Passive Protection against Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease in Neonatal Mice.

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is a contagious viral infection predominantly affecting infants and young children, caused by multiple enteroviruses, including Enterovirus 71 (EV71), Coxsackievirus A16 (CA16), Coxsackievirus A10 (CA10), and Coxsackievirus A6 (CA6). The high pathogenicity of HFMD has garnered significant attention. Currently, there is no specific treatment or broad-spectrum preventive measure available for HFMD, and existing monovalent vaccines have limited impact on the overall incidence or prevalence of the disease. Consequently, with the emergence of new viral strains driven by vaccine pressure, there is an urgent need to develop strategies for the rapid response and control of new outbreaks. In this study, we demonstrated the broad protective effect of maternal antibodies against three types of HFMD by immunizing mother mice with a trivalent inactivated vaccine targeting EV71, CA16, and CA10, using a neonatal mouse challenge model. Based on the feasibility of maternal antibodies as a form of passive immunization to prevent HFMD, we prepared a multivalent antiviral milk by immunizing dairy cows with the trivalent inactivated vaccine to target multiple HFMD viruses. In the neonatal mouse challenge model, this immunized milk exhibited extensive passive protection against oral infections caused by the three HFMD viruses. Compared to vaccines, this strategy may offer a rapid and broadly applicable approach to providing passive immunity for the prevention of HFMD, particularly in response to the swift emergence and spread of new variants.

Design, Synthesis, and Biological Evaluation of 1,2,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives Containing an Aryl Carboxylic Acid Moiety as Potent Sarbecovirus Papain-like Protease Inhibitors.

Papain-like protease (PLpro) is a promising therapeutic target for its pivotal role in the life cycle of SARS-CoV-2. A series of 1,2,4-oxadiazole derivatives was designed and synthesized via a ring formation strategy based on SARS-CoV-2 PLpro-GRL0617 complex structure. Systematic structure-activity relationship studies revealed that introducing oxadiazole and aryl carboxylic acid moieties to GRL0617 enhanced the enzymatic inhibition activity, affinity, and deubiquitination capacity toward PLpro. 1,2,4-Oxadiazole compounds 13f and 26r, which had PLpro inhibition activity (IC50 = 1.8 and 1.0 µM) and antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 (EC50 = 5.4 and 4.3 µM), exhibited good metabolic stability (t1/2 > 93.2 min) and higher plasma exposure (AUC0-t = 17,380.08 and 24,289.76 ng·h/mL) in mice. Especially, compound 26r with moderate oral bioavailability of 39.1% and potent antiviral activity is worthy of further studies in vivo. Our findings provide a new insight for the discovery of antiviral agents targeting PLpro.

Pathogenicity and transcriptomic profiling reveals immunology molecular hallmarks after CA10 virus infection.

BACKGROUND: Hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) is a common infectious disease caused by viral infection by a variety of enteroviruses, with coxsackievirus A 10 (CA10) having become more prevalent in recent years. METHODS: In this study, models of CA10 infection were established in 7-day-old Institute of Cancer Research (ICR) mice by intraperitoneal injection to analyze the pathogenicity of the virus. RNA sequencing analysis was used to screen the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after CA10 infection. Coxsackievirus A 16 (CA16) and enterovirus 71 (EV71) infections were also compared with CA10. RESULTS: After CA10 virus infection, the mice showed paralysis of the hind limbs at 3 days post infection and weight loss at 5 days post infection. We observed viral replication in various tissues and severe inflammatory cell infiltration in skeletal muscle. The RNA-sequencing analysis showed that the DEGs in blood, muscle, thymus and spleen showed heterogeneity after CA10 infection and the most up-regulated DEGs in muscle were enriched in immune-related pathways. Compared with CA16 and EV71 infection, CA10 may have an inhibitory effect on T helper (Th) cell differentiation and cell growth. Additionally, the common DEGs in the three viruses were most enriched in the immune system response, including the Toll-like receptor pathway and the nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD)-like pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings revealed a group of genes that coordinate in response to CA10 infection, which increases our understanding of the pathological mechanism of HFMD.

Comparison of the pathogenicity and neutrophil and monocyte response between SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 in a lethal mouse model.

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2, first identified in late 2019, has given rise to numerous variants of concern (VOCs), posing a significant threat to human health. The emergence of Omicron BA.1.1 towards the end of 2021 led to a pandemic in early 2022. At present, the lethal mouse model for the study of SARS-CoV-2 needs supplementation, and the alterations in neutrophils and monocytes caused by different strains remain to be elucidated. METHODS: Human ACE2 transgenic mice were inoculated with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1, respectively. The pathogenicity of the two strains was evaluated by observing clinical symptoms, viral load and pathology. Complete blood count, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry were performed to detect the alterations of neutrophils and monocytes caused by the two strains. RESULTS: Our findings revealed that Omicron BA.1 exhibited significantly lower virulence compared to the SARS-CoV-2 prototype in the mouse model. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in the proportion of neutrophils late in infection with the SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1. We found that the proportion of monocytes increased at first and then decreased. The trends in the changes in the proportions of neutrophils and monocytes induced by the two strains were similar. CONCLUSION: Our study provides valuable insights into the utility of mouse models for simulating the severe disease of SARS-CoV-2 prototype infection and the milder manifestation associated with Omicron BA.1. SARS-CoV-2 prototype and Omicron BA.1 resulted in similar trends in the changes in neutrophils and monocytes.

Interactions between intestinal microbiota and metabolites in zebrafish larvae exposed to polystyrene nanoplastics: Implications for intestinal health and glycolipid metabolism.

Previous studies have shown the harmful effects of nanoscale particles on the intestinal tracts of organisms. However, the specific mechanisms remain unclear. Our present study focused on examining the uptake and distribution of polystyrene nanoplastics (PS-NPs) in zebrafish larvae, as well as its toxic effects on the intestine. It was found that PS-NPs, marked with red fluorescence, primarily accumulated in the intestine section. Subsequently, zebrafish larvae were exposed to normal PS-NPs (0.2-25 mg/L) over a critical 10-day period for intestinal development. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that PS-NPs caused structural changes in the intestine, resulting in inflammation and oxidative stress. Additionally, PS-NPs disrupted the composition of the intestinal microbiota, leading to alterations in the abundance of bacterial genera such as Pseudomonas and Aeromonas, which are associated with intestinal inflammation. Metabolomics analysis showed alterations in metabolites that are primarily involved in glycolipid metabolism. Furthermore, MetOrigin analysis showed a significant correlation between bacterial flora (Pedobacter and Bacillus) and metabolites (D-Glycerate 2-phosphate and D-Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate), which are related to the glycolysis/gluconeogenesis pathways. These findings were further validated through alterations in multiple biomarkers at various levels. Collectively, our data suggest that PS-NPs may impair the intestinal health, disrupt the intestinal microbiota, and subsequently cause metabolic disorders.

Altered synaptic currents, mitophagy, mitochondrial dynamics in Alzheimer's disease models and therapeutic potential of Dengzhan Shengmai capsules intervention.

Emerging research suggests a potential association of progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) with alterations in synaptic currents and mitochondrial dynamics. However, the specific associations between these pathological changes remain unclear. In this study, we utilized Aß42-induced AD rats and primary neural cells as in vivo and in vitro models. The investigations included behavioural tests, brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) analysis, Nissl staining, thioflavin-S staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Golgi-Cox staining, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence staining, proteomics, adenosine triphosphate (ATP) detection, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) assessment, mitochondrial morphology analysis, electrophysiological studies, Western blotting, and molecular docking. The results revealed changes in synaptic currents, mitophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics in the AD models. Remarkably, intervention with Dengzhan Shengmai (DZSM) capsules emerged as a pivotal element in this investigation. Aß42-induced synaptic dysfunction was significantly mitigated by DZSM intervention, which notably amplified the frequency and amplitude of synaptic transmission. The cognitive impairment observed in AD rats was ameliorated and accompanied by robust protection against structural damage in key brain regions, including the hippocampal CA3, primary cingular cortex, prelimbic system, and dysgranular insular cortex. DZSM intervention led to increased IDE levels, augmented long-term potential (LTP) amplitude, and enhanced dendritic spine density and length. Moreover, DZSM intervention led to favourable changes in mitochondrial parameters, including ROS expression, MMP and ATP contents, and mitochondrial morphology. In conclusion, our findings delved into the realm of altered synaptic currents, mitophagy, and mitochondrial dynamics in AD, concurrently highlighting the therapeutic potential of DZSM intervention.

Cortical lipid metabolic pathway alteration of early Alzheimer's disease and candidate drugs screen.

BACKGROUND: Lipid metabolism changes occur in early Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Yet little is known about metabolic gene changes in early AD cortex. METHODS: The lipid metabolic genes selected from two datasets (GSE39420 and GSE118553) were analyzed with enrichment analysis. Protein-protein interaction network construction and correlation analyses were used to screen core genes. Literature analysis and molecular docking were applied to explore potential therapeutic drugs. RESULTS: 60 lipid metabolic genes differentially expressed in early AD patients' cortex were screened. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that up-regulated genes were mainly focused on mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation and mediating the activation of long-chain fatty acids, phosphoproteins, and cholesterol metabolism. Down-regulated genes were mainly focused on lipid transport, carboxylic acid metabolic process, and neuron apoptotic process. Literature reviews and molecular docking results indicated that ACSL1, ACSBG2, ACAA2, FABP3, ALDH5A1, and FFAR4 were core targets for lipid metabolism disorder and had a high binding affinity with compounds including adenosine phosphate, oxidized Photinus luciferin, BMS-488043, and candidate therapeutic drugs especially bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinyl estradiol. CONCLUSIONS: AD cortical lipid metabolism disorder was associated with the dysregulation of the PPAR signaling pathway, glycerophospholipid metabolism, adipocytokine signaling pathway, fatty acid biosynthesis, fatty acid degradation, ferroptosis, biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acids, and fatty acid elongation. Candidate drugs including bisphenol A, benzo(a)pyrene, ethinyl estradiol, and active compounds including adenosine phosphate, oxidized Photinus luciferin, and BMS-488043 have potential therapeutic effects on cortical lipid metabolism disorder of early AD.

Deciphering adipose development: Function, differentiation and regulation.

The overdevelopment of adipose tissues, accompanied by excess lipid accumulation and energy storage, leads to adipose deposition and obesity. With the increasing incidence of obesity in recent years, obesity is becoming a major risk factor for human health, causing various relevant diseases (including hypertension, diabetes, osteoarthritis and cancers). Therefore, it is of significance to antagonize obesity to reduce the risk of obesity-related diseases. Excess lipid accumulation in adipose tissues is mediated by adipocyte hypertrophy (expansion of pre-existing adipocytes) or hyperplasia (increase of newly-formed adipocytes). It is necessary to prevent excessive accumulation of adipose tissues by controlling adipose development. Adipogenesis is exquisitely regulated by many factors in vivo and in vitro, including hormones, cytokines, gender and dietary components. The present review has concluded a comprehensive understanding of adipose development including its origin, classification, distribution, function, differentiation and molecular mechanisms underlying adipogenesis, which may provide potential therapeutic strategies for harnessing obesity without impairing adipose tissue function.

Cepharanthine analogs mining and genomes of Stephania accelerate anti-coronavirus drug discovery.

Cepharanthine is a secondary metabolite isolated from Stephania. It has been reported that it has anti-conronaviruses activities including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2). Here, we assemble three Stephania genomes (S. japonica, S. yunnanensis, and S. cepharantha), propose the cepharanthine biosynthetic pathway, and assess the antiviral potential of compounds involved in the pathway. Among the three genomes, S. japonica has a near telomere-to-telomere assembly with one remaining gap, and S. cepharantha and S. yunnanensis have chromosome-level assemblies. Following by biosynthetic gene mining and metabolomics analysis, we identify seven cepharanthine analogs that have broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus activities, including SARS-CoV-2, Guangxi pangolin-CoV (GX_P2V), swine acute diarrhoea syndrome coronavirus (SADS-CoV), and porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV). We also show that two other genera, Nelumbo and Thalictrum, can produce cepharanthine analogs, and thus have the potential for antiviral compound discovery. Results generated from this study could accelerate broad-spectrum anti-coronavirus drug discovery.

Pathogenicity and landscape of differential gene expression in mice orally infected with clinical coxsackievirus A6 (CA6).

Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is caused by more than 20 pathogenic enteroviruses belonging to the Picornaviridae family and Enterovirus genus. Since the introduction of the enterovirus-71 (EV71) vaccine in 2016, the number of HFMD cases caused by EV71 has decreased. However, cases of infections caused by other enteroviruses, such as coxsackievirus A6 (CA6) and coxsackievirus A10, have been increasing accordingly. In this study, we used a clinical isolate of CA6 to establish an intragastric infection mouse model using 7-day-old mice to mimic the natural transmission route, by which we investigated the differential gene expression profiles associated with virus infection and pathogenicity. After intragastric infection, mice exhibited hind limb paralysis symptoms and weight loss, similar to those reported for EV71 infection in mice. The skeletal muscle was identified as the main site of virus replication, with a peak viral load reaching 2.31 × 107 copies/mg at 5 dpi and increased infiltration of inflammatory cells. RNA sequencing analysis identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) after CA6 infection. DEGs in the blood, muscle, brain, spleen, and thymus were predominantly enriched in immune system responses, including pathways such as Toll-like receptor signaling and PI3K-Akt signaling. Our study has unveiled the genes involved in the host immune response during CA6 infection, thereby enhancing our comprehension of the pathological mechanism of HFMD.IMPORTANCEThis study holds great significance for the field of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD). It not only delves into the disease's etiology, transmission pathways, and severe complications but also establishes a novel mouse model that mimics the natural coxsackievirus A6 infection process, providing a pivotal platform to delve deeper into virus replication and pathogenic mechanisms. Additionally, utilizing RNA-seq technology, it unveils the dynamic gene expression changes during infection, offering valuable leads for identifying novel therapeutic drug targets. This research has the potential to enhance our understanding of HFMD, offering fresh perspectives for disease prevention and treatment and positively impacting children's health worldwide.

Retinal Ischemia as a Presenting Ocular Sign of Neurofibromatosis Type 2.

Purpose. Specific retinal abnormalities of neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) commonly include retinal astrocytoma and combined hamartoma of the retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Vasculopathy is an uncommon manifestation of NF2. We reported an NF2 patient presenting with retinal ischemia. Observations. An 18-year-old healthy Chinese female with acute decreased vision. The fundus examination and optical coherence tomography revealed optic disc hamartoma in the right eye and paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) and cotton wool spot indicating retinal ischemia in the left eye. Brain MRI showed bilateral acoustic neuroma, parasellar meningioma, and cervical extramedullary tumor. The genetic test confirmed the diagnosis of NF2. Conclusions and Importance. Our case suggests that retinal ischemia could be the presenting sign of NF2. NF2 could be associated with retinal vasculopathy in addition to retina tumors.

ZmELF3.1 integrates the RA2-TSH4 module to repress maize tassel branching.

Tassel branch number (TBN) is a key agronomic trait for adapting to high-density planting and grain yield in maize. However, the molecular regulatory mechanisms underlying tassel branching are still largely unknown. Here, we used molecular and genetic studies together to show that ZmELF3.1 plays a critical role in regulating TBN in maize. Previous studies showed that ZmELF3.1 forms the evening complex through interacting with ZmELF4 and ZmLUX to regulate flowering in maize and that RA2 and TSH4 (ZmSBP2) suppresses and promotes TBN in maize, respectively. In this study, we show that loss-of-function mutants of ZmELF3.1 exhibit a significant increase of TBN. We also show that RA2 directly binds to the promoter of TSH4 and represses its expression, thus leading to reduced TBN. We further demonstrate that ZmELF3.1 directly interacts with both RA2 and ZmELF4.2 to form tri-protein complexes that further enhance the binding of RA2 to the promoter of TSH4, leading to suppressed TSH4 expression and consequently decreased TBN. Our combined results establish a novel functional link between the ELF3-ELF4-RA2 complex and miR156-SPL regulatory module in regulating tassel branching and provide a valuable target for genetic improvement of tassel branching in maize.

SuanZaoRen decoction alleviates neuronal loss, synaptic damage and ferroptosis of AD via activating DJ-1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: SuanZaoRen Decoction (SZRD), a famous herbal prescription, and has been widely proven to have positive therapeutic effects on insomnia, depression and Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the anti-AD molecular mechanism of SZRD remains to be further investigated. AIM OF THE STUDY: To elucidate the molecular mechanism of SZRD's improvement in AD's neuronal loss, synaptic damage and ferroptosis by regulating DJ-1/Nrf2 signaling pathway. MATERIALS AND METHODS: LC-MS/MS was used to detect the active ingredients from SZRD. APP/PS1 mice was treated with SZRD and a ferroptosis inhibitor (Liproxstatin-1), respectively. Upon the completion of behavioral tests, Nissl staining, FJB staining, Golgi staining, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, and transmission electron microscopy were preformed to evaluate the effects of SZRD on neuronal loss, synaptic damage, Aß deposition. Iron staining, transmission electron microscopy, and iron assay kit was performed to estimate the effects of SZRD on ferroptosis. SOD kit, MDA kit, GSH kit, and GSH/GSSG kit were utilized to measure the oxidative stress levels in the hippocampus. The protein expression of TfR1, FTH1, FTL, FPN1, DJ-1, Nrf2, GPX4, SLC7A11, and ACSL4 were detected by Western blot. RESULTS: A total of 16 active ingredients were identified from SZRD extract. SZRD SZRD significantly alleviated learning and memory impairment in APP/PS1 mice. SZRD improved the hippocampal neuronal loss and degenerated neurons in APP/PS1 mice via inhibiting the Aß deposit. SZRD mitigated the hippocampal synaptic damage in APP/PS1 mice. SZRD inhibited iron accumulation, and alleviated the oxidative stress level in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Meanwhile, SZRD could up-regulate the protein expression level of FPN1, DJ-1, Nrf2, GPX4 and SLC7A11 in the hippocampus, and inhibit TfR1, FTH1, FTL, and ACSL4 protein expression. CONCLUSION: SZRD alleviated neuronal loss, synaptic damage and ferroptosis in AD via activating DJ-1/Nrf2 signaling pathway.

Systematic review and integrated analysis of prognostic gene signatures for prostate cancer patients.

Prostate cancer (PC) is one of the most common cancers in men and becoming the second leading cause of cancer fatalities. At present, the lack of effective strategies for prognosis of PC patients is still a problem to be solved. Therefore, it is significant to identify potential gene signatures for PC patients' prognosis. Here, we summarized 71 different prognostic gene signatures for PC and concluded 3 strategies for signature construction after extensive investigation. In addition, 14 genes frequently appeared in 71 different gene signatures, which enriched in mitotic and cell cycle. This review provides extensive understanding and integrated analysis of current prognostic signatures of PC, which may help researchers to construct gene signatures of PC and guide future clinical treatment.