Disorder Operator and Rényi Entanglement Entropy of Symmetric Mass Generation.

The "symmetric mass generation" (SMG) quantum phase transition discovered in recent years has attracted great interest from both condensed matter and high energy theory communities. Here, interacting Dirac fermions acquire a gap without condensing any fermion bilinear mass term or any concomitant spontaneous symmetry breaking. It is hence beyond the conventional Gross-Neveu-Yukawa-Higgs paradigm. One important question we address in this Letter is whether the SMG transition corresponds to a true unitary conformal field theory. We employ the sharp diagnosis including the scaling of disorder operator and Rényi entanglement entropy in large-scale lattice model quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Our results strongly suggest that the SMG transition is indeed an unconventional quantum phase transition and it should correspond to a true (2+1)d unitary conformal field theory.

Ginsenoside - a promising natural active ingredient with steroidal hormone activity.

Ginsenosides are a class of natural products with hormone-like activity of triterpenoid saponins and have a variety of pharmacological activities such as anti-aging, immune regulation and cognitive improvement. With the great research interest in alternative medicine and natural products, they are gradually becoming research hotspots. Ginsenosides have a four-ring rigid steroid backbone similar to steroid hormones, and a series of experimental studies have shown that they can exhibit hormone-like activity by binding to nuclear receptors or affecting hormone levels, thereby affecting a wide range of inflammatory conditions, cancers, and menopause-related diseases. This review summarizes the mechanisms and potential health effects of ginsenosides exhibiting estrogen-like, glucocorticoid-like and androgen-like activities, providing an important reference for the exploration of safe phytohormone replacement therapy.

Analysis of Polyphenol Extract from Hazel Leaf and Ameliorative Efficacy and Mechanism against Hyperuricemia Zebrafish Model via Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking.

Hazel leaf, a by-product of hazelnuts, is commonly used in traditional folk medicine in Portugal, Sweden, Iran and other regions for properties such as vascular protection, anti-bleeding, anti-edema, anti-infection, and pain relief. Based on our previous studies, the polyphenol extract from hazel leaf was identified and quantified via HPLC fingerprint. The contents of nine compounds including kaempferol, chlorogenic acid, myricetin, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, resveratrol, luteolin, gallic acid and ellagic acid in hazel leaf polyphenol extract (ZP) were preliminary calculated, among which kaempferol was the highest with 221.99 mg/g, followed by chlorogenic acid with 8.23 mg/g. The inhibition of ZP on α-glucosidase and xanthine oxidase activities was determined via the chemical method, and the inhibition on xanthine oxidase was better. Then, the effect of ZP on hyperuricemia zebrafish was investigated. It was found that ZP obviously reduced the levels of uric acid, xanthine oxidase, urea nitrogen and creatinine, and up-regulated the expression ofOAT1 and HPRT genes in hyperuricemia zebrafish. Finally, the targeted network pharmacological analysis and molecular docking of nine polyphenol compounds were performed to search for relevant mechanisms for alleviating hyperuricemia. These results will provide a valuable basis for the development and application of hazel leaf polyphenols as functional ingredients.

Effects of hazelnut soluble dietary fiber on lipid-lowering and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet-fed rats.

Hazelnut is one of the most popular nuts in the world, rich in nutrients and various active substances. In this study, soluble dietary fiber (SDF) was extracted from hazelnut kernels, and its physicochemical properties and absorbability were explored. Hazelnut-SDF exhibited ideal water-holding, oil-holding and swelling capacity, and glucose, cholesterol and cholate absorbing ability. Scanning electron microscopy and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy showed that hazelnut-SDF had typical polysaccharide structure of functional groups. The main monosaccharides were identified as arabinose, rhamnose, xylose, ribose, glucuronic acid, mannose and glucose by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. In high-fat diet rats, hazelnut-SDF could improve serum lipid parameters, inhibit lipid accumulation in liver and adipocytes, and regulate the expression level of liver lipid synthesis-related genes. It also could adjust intestinal short chain fatty acids, promote the composition and structure of intestinal microbiota, and significantly balance the abundance of Alloprevotella, Fusicatenibacter, Lactobacillus, Roseburia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-005, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014 and Clostridiales. The results concluded that oral administration of hazelnut-SDF could alleviate hyperlipidemia and obesity, and might serve as a potential functional food ingredient.

Comparative Mitogenomic Analyses of Darkling Beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Provide Evolutionary Insights into tRNA-like Sequences.

Tenebrionidae is widely recognized owing to its species diversity and economic importance. Here, we determined the mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of three Tenebrionidae species (Melanesthes exilidentata, Anatolica potanini, and Myladina unguiculina) and performed a comparative mitogenomic analysis to characterize the evolutionary characteristics of the family. The tenebrionid mitogenomes were highly conserved with respect to genome size, gene arrangement, base composition, and codon usage. All protein-coding genes evolved under purifying selection. The largest non-coding region (i.e., control region) showed several unusual features, including several conserved repetitive fragments (e.g., A+T-rich regions, G+C-rich regions, Poly-T tracts, TATA repeat units, and longer repetitive fragments) and tRNA-like structures. These tRNA-like structures can bind to the appropriate anticodon to form a cloverleaf structure, although base-pairing is not complete. We summarized the quantity, types, and conservation of tRNA-like sequences and performed functional and evolutionary analyses of tRNA-like sequences with various anticodons. Phylogenetic analyses based on three mitogenomic datasets and two tree inference methods largely supported the monophyly of each of the three subfamilies (Stenochiinae, Pimeliinae, and Lagriinae), whereas both Tenebrioninae and Diaperinae were consistently recovered as polyphyletic. We obtained a tenebrionid mitogenomic phylogeny: (Lagriinae, (Pimeliinae, ((Tenebrioninae + Diaperinae), Stenochiinae))). Our results provide insights into the evolution and function of tRNA-like sequences in tenebrionid mitogenomes and contribute to our general understanding of the evolution of Tenebrionidae.

Differential gene expression patterns between the head and thorax of Gynaephora aureata are associated with high-altitude adaptation.

Grassland caterpillars (Lepidoptera: Erebidae: Gynaephora) are important pests in alpine meadows of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau (QTP). These pests have morphological, behavioral, and genetic adaptations for survival in high-altitude environments. However, mechanisms underlying high-altitude adaptation in QTP Gynaephora species remain largely unknown. Here, we performed a comparative analysis of the head and thorax transcriptomes of G. aureata to explore the genetic basis of high-altitude adaptation. We detected 8,736 significantly differentially expressed genes (sDEGs) between the head and thorax, including genes related to carbohydrate metabolism, lipid metabolism, epidermal proteins, and detoxification. These sDEGs were significantly enriched in 312 Gene Ontology terms and 16 KEGG pathways. We identified 73 pigment-associated genes, including 8 rhodopsin-associated genes, 19 ommochrome-associated genes, 1 pteridine-associated gene, 37 melanin-associated genes, and 12 heme-associated genes. These pigment-associated genes were related to the formation of the red head and black thorax of G. aureata. A key gene, yellow-h, in the melanin pathway was significantly upregulated in the thorax, suggesting that it is related to the formation of the black body and contributed to the adaptation of G. aureata to low temperatures and high ultraviolet radiation in the QTP. Another key gene, cardinal, in the ommochrome pathway was significantly upregulated in the head and may be related to red warning color formation. We also identified 107 olfactory-related genes in G. aureata, including genes encoding 29 odorant-binding proteins, 16 chemosensory proteins, 22 odorant receptor proteins, 14 ionotropic receptors, 12 gustatory receptors, 12 odorant degrading enzymes, and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins. Diversification of olfactory-related genes may be associated with the feeding habits of G. aureata, including larvae dispersal and searching for plant resources available in the QTP. These results provide new insights into high-altitude adaptation of Gynaephora in the QTP and may contribute to the development of new control strategies for these pests.

Hazelnut and its by-products: A comprehensive review of nutrition, phytochemical profile, extraction, bioactivities and applications.

As output of hazelnut increases worldwide, so does the amount of by-products, leading to huge waste and environmental stress. This paper focuses on the varieties of hazelnut that have been studied more in the past two decades, and summarizes the research status of hazelnut and its by-products from the aspects of nutritional value, phytochemicals, extraction methods, biological functions and applications. Hazelnut and its by-products are rich in a variety of bioactive constituents, mainly polyphenols, which have antioxidant, antibacterial and prebiotic effects. Moreover, hazelnut shells, husks, and leaves contain taxanes such as paclitaxel, which can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. They are potentially good natural sources of paclitaxel compared to the slower growing yew. Therefore, it is essential to further integrate the extraction techniques and health-promoting properties of these nutrients and bioactive substances to expand their application and enhance their value.

UPLC-MS/MS profiling, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and potential health benefits prediction of phenolic compounds in hazel leaf.

Hazel leaf, one of the by-products of hazelnut, which is widely used in traditional folk medicine around the world. In the present study, the profile of free, conjugated, and bound phenolic compounds from hazel leaf was detected and their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities were investigated. The potential health benefits of different phenolic compounds were also predicted. The results showed that the 35 phenolic substances of free, conjugated and bound forms were identified including phenolic acids, flavonoids and catechins. Most of the hazel leaf phenolics were presented in free form, followed by conjugated and bound form. All the fractions effectively inhibited the production of reactive oxygen species and malondialdehyde in TBHP-stimulated human umbilical vein endothelial cells by enhancing endogenous superoxide dismutase, and accordingly alleviated inflammatory cytokines (NO, IL-1ß, TNF-α, and IL-6) in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, showing obvious antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity. Moreover, combined with network pharmacology, the potential therapeutic effects and functional pathways of hazel leaf phenolics were predicted, which provided value basis for exploring their treatment on diseases and developing health products in the future.

Construct of CoZnO/CSP biomass-derived carbon composites with broad effective absorption bandwidth of 7.2 GHz and excellent microwave absorption performance.

Biomass-carbon materials have excellent electromagnetic wave attenuation properties, which is one of the essential factors for developing ultra-thin matched-thickness, and high-performance microwave absorption materials. This study reports a two-step procedure consisting of carbonization and subsequent in-situ growth for preparing a wrinkle-like multilayer biomass-derived composites with magnetic Co particles and ZnO particles (CoZnO/C-X). The synergistic effect of a wrinkle-like multilayer structure and Co and ZnO particles, as well as the existence of many heterogeneous interfaces in the composites structure, and efficiently creates multiple scattering and reflections, which gives the composites the strong microwave absorption properties. The minimum reflection loss value (RLmin) of CoZnO/C-X reaches - 54.90 dB with a thickness of 1.8 mm, and the effective absorption bandwidth (lower than - 10 dB) is 7.2 GHz covering from 10.8 GHz to18.0 GHz with matching thickness of 2.0 mm. Furthermore, the reasonable dielectric/magnetic losses, optimized impedance matching and enhanced polarization loss play an indispensable role among improving microwave absorption performance. Thus, this result provides a good potential method for preparation of magnetic particle/metal oxide/biomass-derived carbon microwave absorbing structural materials.

Construction of self-assembled bilayer core-shell V2O3 microspheres as absorber with superior microwave absorption performance.

The design and preparation of heterogeneous structures of dielectric materials has been the mainstream direction for the construction of superior microwave absorption materials (MAMs). We report a facile and efficient procedure combination of hydrothermal process and subsequent heat treatment for successfully prepared bilayer core-shell structure self-assembled V2O3 microspheres (BCSV). The microstructure, defects, dielectric properties and microwave absorption (MA) properties of BCSV were systematically investigated, and the effect of bilayer core-shell structure on the MA properties was discussed. By varying the heat treatment temperature, it is feasible to regulate the thickness of V2O3 bilayer and its unique structure defects, hence enhancing the attenuation and multiple polarization loss of electromagnetic waves inside the microspheres. Self-assembled V2O3 microspheres with bilayer core-shell structure exhibit high-performance MA property. The reflection loss (RL) gets to - 67.12 dB at 11.69 GHz covering the whole X-band after heat treatment at 600 °C, and the broad effective absorption bandwidth is 5.49 GHz with a thickness of 2.20 mm. The conductivity loss, multiple polarization loss and dielectric loss are ascribed to the specific bilayer core-shell structure. Thus, our work provides a good perspective on how to create vanadium oxide-based MAMs with effective absorption and broad bandwidth.

Bird-Nest-Like Multi-Interfacial MXene@SiCNWs@Co/C Hybrids with Enhanced Electromagnetic Wave Absorption.

Newly emerged two-dimensional transition metal carbides and/or nitrides (MXenes) have attracted considerable interest in the field of electromagnetic wave absorption, but their excessive conductivity and single loss mechanism limit their applicability. Herein, an MXene decorated with SiCNWs@Co/C was prepared by in situ growth and carbonization processes, followed by electrostatic self-assembly. The electromagnetic wave absorption performance of MXene@SiCNWs@Co/C with a bird-nest-like structure could be effectively regulated and optimized by changing the proportion of MXene and SiCNWs@Co/C. The prepared MXene@SiCNWs@Co/C hybrid absorbers reveal superior impedance matching, complementary dissipation mechanism, and plentiful heterointerfaces. Profiting from the synergy of abovementioned factors, the resultant MXene@SiCNWs@Co/C absorber exhibits an optimum reflection loss (RL) value of -76.5 dB at 6.36 GHz under a thickness of 3.9 mm and broad effective absorption bandwidth (EAB, RL ≤ -10 dB) of 6.2 GHz (11.8-18.0 GHz) with a thickness of only 2.0 mm, covering the entire Ku band. This work offers new insights into designing and fabricating highly efficient MXene-based electromagnetic absorbers.

Comparative assessment of environmental impacts, mitigation potentials, and economic benefits of rain-fed and irrigated apple production systems on China's Loess Plateau.

Although the repaid development of China's apple industry heavily depends on excessive fertilizer-water-pesticide (FWP) inputs, little information is available that systematically evaluates environmental impacts, mitigation potential, and economical benefits of apple production systems in China. In this study, life cycle assessment (LCA) was conducted to elucidate environmental risks and mitigation potentials of rain-fed and irrigated apple production systems on China's Loess Plateau based on survey data from 847 farmers, and economic benefits were analyzed simultaneously. Results showed that irrigated orchards caused more severe environmental risks associated with energy depletion (ED), global warming potential (GWP) and acidification potential (AP) than those in rain-fed orchards, whereas an opposite was true for eutrophication potential (EP), human toxicity potential (HTP), aquatic toxicity potential (ATP) and soil toxicity potential (STP). ED and GWP occurred primarily in the agricultural material stage, while AP, EP, HTP, ATP, and STP occurred mostly in the orchard management stage. Optimized FWP management can markedly mitigate environmental impacts in both irrigated and rain-fed orchard systems. Synthetic fertilizer, because of production and field-associated emissions, was the greatest contributor to environmental impacts of an apple production system. An environmental pollution index (EPI) that integrated environmental categories was highest in conventional irrigated orchards (0.946), followed by conventional rainfed orchards (0.857), and optimized irrigated orchards (0.459), and the lowest EPI was in optimized rainfed orchards (0.389). Economic analysis revealed that the benefits of rainfed orchards were higher than those of irrigated orchards because of higher apple prices and lower labor costs. Optimized FWP management sharply decreased input costs, thereby substantially increasing net income in irrigated and rain-fed apple orchards. Overall, severe environmental risk and large mitigation potential co-exist in rain-fed and irrigated apple orchards on China's Loess Plateau. Integrated soil-crop-market management potentially exhibited considerable environmental and economic advantages, thereby efficiently developing high-quality apple production.

Underwater hyperspectral imaging bioinspired by chromatic blur vision.

In the underwater environment, conventional hyperspectral imagers for imaging target scenes usually require stable carrying platforms for completing push sweep or complex optical components for beam splitting in long gaze imaging, which limits the system's efficiency. In this paper, we put forward a novel underwater hyperspectral imaging (UHI) system inspired by the visual features of typical cephalopods. We designed a visual bionic lens which enlarged the chromatic blur effect to further ensure that the system obtained blur images with high discrimination of different bands. Then, chromatic blur datasets were collected underwater to complete network training for hyperspectral image reconstruction. Based on the trained model, our system only required three frames of chromatic blur images as input to effectively reconstruct spectral images of 30 bands in the working light range from 430 nm to 720 nm. The results showed that the proposed hyperspectral imaging system exhibited good spectral imaging potential. Moreover, compared with the traditional gaze imaging, when obtaining similar hyperspectral images, the data sampling rate in the proposed system was reduced by 90%, and the exposure time of required images was only about 2.1 ms, reduced by 99.98%, which can greatly expand its practical application range. This experimental study illustrates the potential of chromatic blur vision for UHI, which can provide rapid response in the recognition task of some underwater dynamic scenarios.

Event history analysis of the duration of online public opinions regarding major health emergencies.

Based on event history analysis, this study examined the survival distribution of the duration of online public opinions related to major health emergencies and its influencing factors. We analyzed the data of such emergencies (N = 125) that took place in China during a period of 10 years (2012-2021). The results of the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazards regression analysis showed that the average duration of online public opinions regarding health emergencies is 43 days, and the median is 19 days, which dispels the myth of the "Seven-day Law of Propagation." Furthermore, the duration of online public opinions can be divided into three stages: the rapid decline stage (0-50 days), the slowdown stage (51-200 days), and the disappearing stage (after 200 days). In addition, the type of event, and the volume of both social media discussion and traditional media coverage all had significant impacts on the duration. Our findings provide practical implications for the carrying out of targeted and stage-based governance of public opinions.

Advances in Research on Antiviral Activities of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Seaweeds.

In recent years, various viral diseases have suddenly erupted, resulting in widespread infection and death. A variety of biological activities from marine natural products have gradually attracted the attention of people. Seaweeds have a wide range of sources, huge output, and high economic benefits. This is very promising in the pharmaceutical industry. In particular, sulfated polysaccharides derived from seaweeds, considered a potential source of bioactive compounds for drug development, have shown antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of viruses, mainly including common DNA viruses and RNA viruses. In addition, sulfated polysaccharides can also improve the body's immunity. This review focuses on recent advances in antiviral research on the sulfated polysaccharides from seaweeds, including carrageenan, galactan, fucoidan, alginate, ulvan, p-KG03, naviculan, and calcium spirulan. We hope that this review will provide new ideas for the development of COVID-19 therapeutics and vaccines.

Study on the regulatory effect of leech peptide HE-D on macrophages in atherosclerosis by transcriptome sequencing.

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is a serious threat to human health. Leeches are used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat cardiovascular diseases. HE-D is an active peptide extracted and isolated from leeches, which can inhibit the migration of RAW264.7 macrophages. AIM: This study shows the effects of HE-D on macrophages in atherosclerosis and the mechanism of inhibition on the migration of macrophages based on transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The transwell method was used to detect the activity of HE-D in inhibiting the migration of macrophages. Macrophages were divided into control group, lipopolysaccharide group, and HE-D group. Samples were collected and RNA-Seq performed. The DEseq2 method detected significantly differentially expressed genes (DEGs), GO and KEGG Pathway databases were used to analyze the functions and pathway enrichment of DEGs. Finally, qRT-PCR and Western blotting were used to verify the genes screened by RNA-Seq analyses. RESULTS: Cell experiments showed that HE-D can inhibit the migration of RAW264.7 macrophages induced by LPS. DEseq2 analyses showed that there were 363 DEGs after HE-D administration in the result of RNA-Seq. The GO function of DEGs was significantly enriched in cell migration and inflammation, and the DEGs related to cell migration were significantly enriched in the NF-κB signaling pathway. qRT-PCR and Western blot analyses, showed that when compared with the LPS group, the related genes IKKα, IKKγ, TRAF6, TLR4, and TRAF5 in the NF-κB pathway were significantly down-regulated in the HE-D group. In addition, it was found that the inflammatory factors iNOS and TNF-α were significantly down-regulated, and Arg-1 and IL-10 were up-regulated. CONCLUSION: HE-D can inhibit the migration of macrophages by inhibiting IKKα and IKKγ in the NF-κB signaling pathway, and promote the transformation of macrophages from M1to M2 subtypes. Therefore, HE-D can potentially be used as a drug for the treatment of atherosclerosis.

Application of fucoidan as treatment for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

Fucoidan is a marine polysaccharide. In recent years, fucoidan has attracted wide-scale attention from the pharmaceutical industries due to its diverse biological activities such as lipid-lowering, anti-atherosclerosis, and anticoagulation. This review clarifies the pharmacological effects of fucoidan in the treatment of human cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Fucoidan exerts a hypolipidemic effect by increasing the reverse transport of cholesterol, inhibiting lipid synthesis, reducing lipid accumulation, and increasing lipid metabolism. Inflammation, anti-oxidation, and so on have a regulatory effect in the process of atherosclerosis endothelial cells, macrophages, smooth muscle cells, and so on; fucoidan can not only prevent thrombosis through anticoagulation and regulate platelet activation, but also promote the dissolution of formed thrombi. Fucoidan has a neuroprotective effect, and also has a positive effect on the prognosis of the cardiovascular and cerebrovascular. The prospects of applying fucoidan in cardio-cerebrovascular diseases are reviewed to provide some theoretical bases and inspirations for its full-scale development and utilization.

Application of Fucoidan in Caco-2 Model Establishment.

The Caco-2 model is a common cell model for material intestinal absorption in vitro, which usually takes 21 days to establish. Although some studies have shown that adding puromycin (PM) can shorten the model establishment period to 7 days, this still requires a long modeling time. Therefore, exploring a shorter modeling method can reduce the experimental costs and promote the development and application of the model. Fucoidan is an acidic polysaccharide with various biological activities. Our study showed that the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) value could reach 600 Ω·cm2 on the fourth day after the addition of fucoidan and puromycin, which met the applicable standards of the model (>500 Ω). Moreover, the alkaline phosphatase (AKP) activity, fluorescein sodium transmittance, and cell morphology of this model all met the requirements of model establishment. Fucoidan did not affect the absorption of macromolecular proteins and drugs. The results indicate that fucoidan can be applied to establish the Caco-2 model and can shorten the model establishment period to 5 days.

Fucoidan Is Not Completely Dependent on Degradation to Fucose to Relieve Ulcerative Colitis.

Recently, fucoidan has been proposed for use as a potential anti-inflammatory drug. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism of fucoidan in the treatment of ulcerative colitis. We compared the anti-inflammatory effects of fucoidan and fucose induced by dextran sulfate sodium, and the effects of fucoidan and fucose on the gut microbiota of mice. Our results showed that low-dose fucoidan significantly improved weight loss, disease activity index scores, colonic shortening, colonic histopathological damage, intestinal fatty acid binding protein 2 levels, and the expression of Occludin, Claudin-4, and Claudin-1. However, both high-dose fucoidan and fucose did not perform as well as low-dose fucoidan as described above. In addition, 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing showed that low-dose fucoidan significantly increased the abundance of Alloprevotella, and fucose significantly increased Ruminococcaceae, but neither significantly reversed the imbalance in the gut microbiota. Therefore, we inferred that the regulation of fucoidan on colitis has a unique and complex mechanism, and it is not completely dependent on degradation to fucose to relieve ulcerative colitis, nor is it achieved only by regulating the gut microbiota. The mechanism by which fucoidan treats colitis may also include reducing inflammatory cell infiltration and increasing intestinal barrier function.

Scaling of Entanglement Entropy at Deconfined Quantum Criticality.

We develop a nonequilibrium increment method to compute the Rényi entanglement entropy and investigate its scaling behavior at the deconfined critical (DQC) point via large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations. To benchmark the method, we first show that, at a conformally invariant critical point of O(3) transition, the entanglement entropy exhibits universal scaling behavior of area law with logarithmic corner corrections, and the obtained correction exponent represents the current central charge of the critical theory. Then we move on to the deconfined quantum critical point, where we still observe similar scaling behavior, but with a very different exponent. Namely, the corner correction exponent is found to be negative. Such a negative exponent is in sharp contrast with the positivity condition of the Rényi entanglement entropy, which holds for unitary conformal field theories (CFTs). Our results unambiguously reveal fundamental differences between DQC and quantum critical points described by unitary CFTs.