Long-term air pollution and adverse meteorological factors might elevate the osteoporosis risk among adult Chinese.

Objective: This study aims to investigate the relationship between exposure to air pollution and adverse meteorological factors, and the risk of osteoporosis. Methods: We diagnosed osteoporosis by assessing bone mineral density through Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry in 2,361 participants from Jiangsu, China. Additionally, we conducted physical examinations, blood tests, and questionnaires. We evaluated pollution exposure levels using grid data, considering various lag periods (ranging from one to five years) based on participants' addresses. We utilized logistic regression analysis, adjusted for temperature, humidity, and individual factors, to examine the connections between osteoporosis and seven air pollutants: PM1, PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, and O3. We assessed the robustness of our study through two-pollutant models and distributed lag non-linear models (DLNM) and explored susceptibility using stratified analyses. Results: In Jiangsu, China, the prevalence of osteoporosis among individuals aged 40 and above was found to be 15.1%. A consistent association was observed between osteoporosis and the five-year average exposure to most pollutants, including PM2.5, PM10, CO, and O3. The effects of PM10 and CO remained stable even after adjusting for the presence of a second pollutant. However, the levels of PM1 and PM2.5 were significantly influenced by O3 levels. Individuals aged 60 and above, those with a BMI of 25 or higher, and males were found to be more susceptible to the effects of air pollution. Interestingly, males showed a significantly higher susceptibility to PM1 and PM2.5 compared to females. This study provides valuable insights into the long-term effects of air pollution on osteoporosis risk among the adult population in China. Conclusion: This study indicates a potential association between air pollutants and osteoporosis, particularly with long-term exposure. The risk of osteoporosis induced by air pollution is found to be higher in individuals aged 60 and above, those with a BMI greater than 25, and males. These findings underscore the need for further research and public health interventions to mitigate the impact of air pollution on bone health.

Differences in the prevalence and risk factors of osteoporosis in chinese urban and rural regions: a cross-sectional study.

BACKGROUND: Bone mineral density (BMD) and prevalence of osteoporosis may differ between urban and rural populations. This study aimed to investigate the differences in BMD characteristics between urban and rural populations in Jiangsu, China. METHODS: A total of 2,711 participants aged 20 years and older were included in the cross-sectional study. Multistage and stratified cluster random sampling was used as the sampling strategy. BMD was measured by the method of dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Data were collected through questionnaires/interview. BMD values at the lumbar spine (L1-L4), femoral neck, total hip, and greater trochanter were collected. Descriptive statistics were used to demonstrate the characteristics of urban and rural participants. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was utilized to analyze the factors that may be associated with osteoporosis in urban and rural populations. RESULTS: Of these participants, 1,540 (50.49%) were females and 1,363 (42.14%) were from urban. The prevalence of osteoporosis in urban and rural populations was 5.52% and 10.33%, respectively. In terms of gender, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 2.68% in males and 13.82% in females. For menopausal status, the prevalence of osteoporosis was 30.34% in postmenopausal females and 4.78% in premenopausal females. In urban populations, older age [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.36, 95%CI, 2.35-2.36), hypertension (AOR = 1.37, 95%CI, 1.36-1.37), unmarried (AOR = 4.04, 95%CI, 3.99-4.09), smoking everyday (AOR = 2.26, 95%CI, 2.23-2.28), family history of osteoporosis (AOR = 1.66, 95%CI, 1.65-1.67), dyslipidemia (AOR = 1.05, 95%CI, 1.04-1.05), and higher ß-crosslaps (ß-CTX) level (AOR = 1.02, 95%CI, 1.02-1.02) were associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis, while males (AOR = 0.04, 95%CI, 0.04-0.04), higher education level (AOR = 0.95, 95%CI, 0.95-0.95), and aquatic product intake (AOR = 0.99, 95%CI, 0.99-0.99) were related to decreased risk of osteoporosis. Similar results were also observed in rural populations, and (all P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: The prevalence of osteoporosis in rural populations was higher than that in urban populations, and the factors associated with the risk of osteoporosis were similar in urban and rural populations.

High stone-free rate immediately after suctioning flexible ureteroscopy with Intelligent pressure-control in treating upper urinary tract calculi.

BACKGROUND: The retrospective observational study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of suctioning flexible ureteroscopy with Intelligent pressure-control (SFUI) on treating upper urinary tract calculi in a large cohort. METHODS: Between July 2020 and August 2021, 278 patients with upper urinary tract calculi who underwent SFUI in our hospital were enrolled. Outcomes were stone-free rate (SFR) in one session and one-month after SFUI treatment, and complications scored by the Clavien-Dindo classification. RESULTS: A total of 310 kidneys underwent SFUI were included. The median surgery time was 75 min (ranged 60-110 min). One session and one-month SFRs were 80.65% and 82.26%, respectively. The one-session SFR was ≧ 87% in patients with Guy's stone score of Grade I among stone size < 40 mm. Risk factors for unsuccessful stone-free in one session were stone history (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 2.39, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21-4.73), stone size of 40-49 mm (aOR: 4.37, 95% CI: 1.16-16.45), Guy's stone score ≧ Grade II (Grade II, aOR: 3.54, 95% CI: 1.18-10.59; Grade III, aOR: 10.95, 95% CI: 2.65-45.25). The incidence of Clavien-Dindo grade II-III complication was 3.26%. Complication is associated with Guy's stone score III (aOR: 22.36, 95% CI: 1.81-276.36). CONCLUSION: SFUI shows good safety and efficiency on treating upper urinary tract calculi. Patients with stone size < 40 mm or Guy's stone score of Grade I have a high chance to reach stone-free after SFUI treatment.