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INTRODUCTION: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are significant postoperative risks; antibiotic prophylaxis is crucial due to the presence of anaerobic bacteria. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of a novel nitroimidazole, morinidazole, in SSI reduction in class III wounds, as there is currently a lack of evidence in the existing literature. METHODS: A multi-centre randomized clinical trial was conducted from December 2020 to October 2022 in the general surgery departments of 12 tertiary hospitals in China, including 459 patients in two treatment groups using morinidazole plus ceftriaxone or ceftriaxone alone. Efficacy and safety were evaluated including SSI incidence, adverse events, and compliance. Statistical analysis employed SAS 9.4 software. Data analysis was performed from February to May 2023. RESULTS: A total of 440 participants (median (interquartile range, IQR) age, 63.0 (54.0, 70.0) years; 282 males (64.09%); 437 patients were of Han race (99.32%) and were randomized. The experimental group exhibited a significantly lower SSI rate compared with the control group (31 (14.49%) vs 52 (23.01%); risk difference, 1.76%, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08-2.88%; P=0.0224). The superficial incisional site infections revealed a marked reduction in the experimental group (12 (5.61%) vs 31 (13.37%); risk difference, 2.68%; 95% CI 1.34-5.36%; P=0.0042). Non-surgical site infections, severe postoperative complications, and total adverse events showed no statistically significant differences between the groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: The significant decrease in SSI rates and superficial incisional infections demonstrates morinidazole to be a valuable prophylactic antibiotic. Our findings provide valuable insights for clinical practice, where this new-generation nitroimidazole can play a crucial role in SSI prevention.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate cyclin D2 (CCND2) expression in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) and its association with the clinicopathological features. METHODS: The public databases TCGA, TIMER 2.0 and UALCAN were used to explore CCND2 expression level in PTC and adjacent tissues, and its diagnostic value for PTC was analyzed using ROC curves. GO enrichment analysis of CCND2-related differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in PTC was performed, and tumor immune infiltration of CCND2 in thyroid cancer was analyzed using TIMER database and CIBERSORT data source. RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to detect CCND2 expression in normal human thyroid cell line Nthy-ori-3-1 and human PTC cell lines TPC-1 and BCPAP. CCND2 expression was also detected in clinical specimens of PTC and adjacent tissues by immunohistochemistry, and its correlation with clinicopathological features of the patients were analyzed. RESULTS: Informatic analysis revealed significantly higher CCND2 mRNA expression in thyroid cancer than in the adjacent tissues (P < 0.001) in close correlation with tumor stage, gender, age, pathological subtype, and lymph node involvement (P < 0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that at the cutoff value of 4.983, the diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of CCND2 expression for PTC was 83.6%, 94.9%, and 78.5%, respectively. CCND2 expression was positively correlated with B cells, CD4+ T cells, and macrophages (P < 0.001) and negatively with CD8+ T cells (P < 0.01), and also correlated with memory B-cell infiltration, CD4+ T-cell memory activation, M2 macrophages, resting mast cells, and mast cell activation (P < 0.05). RT-qPCR, Western blot and immunohistochemistry showed significantly higher CCND2 expression in the PTC cells than in Nthy-ori-3-1 cells (P < 0.01) and also in clinical PTC tissues than in the adjacent tissues (P < 0.05) in correlation with tumor size, lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: CCND2 overexpression is closely correlated with tumor progression and immune cell infiltration in PTC patients..
Subject(s)
Cyclin D2 , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary , Thyroid Neoplasms , Humans , Cyclin D2/genetics , Cyclin D2/metabolism , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/genetics , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/immunology , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/pathology , Thyroid Cancer, Papillary/metabolism , Thyroid Neoplasms/immunology , Thyroid Neoplasms/genetics , Thyroid Neoplasms/pathology , Thyroid Neoplasms/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Female , Male , ROC Curve , RNA, Messenger/genetics , RNA, Messenger/metabolism , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Lymphatic MetastasisABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Prior animal and epidemiological studies suggest that per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) exposure may be associated with reduced birth weight. However, results from prior studies evaluated a relatively small set of PFAS. OBJECTIVES: Determine associations of gestational PFAS concentrations in maternal serum samples banked for 60 years with birth outcomes. METHODS: We used data from 97 pregnant women from Boston and Providence that enrolled in the Collaborative Perinatal Project (CPP) study (1960-1966). We quantified concentrations of 27 PFAS in maternal serum in pregnancy and measured infant weight, height and ponderal index at birth. Covariate-adjusted associations between 11 PFAS concentrations (>75% detection limits) and birth outcomes were estimated using linear regression methods. RESULTS: Median concentrations of PFOA, PFNA, PFHxS, and PFOS were 6.189, 0.330, 14.432, and 38.170 ng/mL, respectively. We found that elevated PFAS concentrations during pregnancy were significantly associated with lower birth weight and ponderal index at birth, but no significant associations were found with birth length. Specifically, infants born to women with PFAS concentrations ≥ median levels had significantly lower birth weight (PFOS: ß = -0.323, P = 0.006; PFHxS: ß = -0.292, P = 0.015; PFOA: ß = -0.233, P = 0.03; PFHpS: ß = -0.239, P = 0.023; PFNA: ß = -0.239, P = 0.017). Similarly, women with PFAS concentrations ≥ median levels had significantly lower ponderal index (PFHxS: ß = -0.168, P = 0.020; PFHxA: ß = -0.148, P = 0.018). CONCLUSIONS: Using data from this US-based cohort study, we found that 1) maternal PFAS levels from the 1960s exceeded values in contemporaneous populations and 2) that gestational concentrations of certain PFAS were associated with lower birth weight and infant ponderal index. Additional studies with larger sample size are needed to further examine the associations of gestational exposure to individual PFAS and their mixtures with adverse birth outcomes.
Subject(s)
Alkanesulfonic Acids , Environmental Pollutants , Fluorocarbons , Pregnancy Complications , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Cohort Studies , Pregnant Women , Birth Weight , Environmental Pollutants/toxicity , Fluorocarbons/toxicity , Pregnancy Complications/chemically inducedABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 poses a significant threat to patients with comorbidities, such as diabetes and chronic kidney disease (CKD). China experienced a nationwide COVID-19 endemic from December 2022 to January 2023, which is the first occurrence of such an outbreak following China's widespread administration of COVID-19 vaccinations. METHODS: A total of 338 patients with diabetes and CKD combined with COVID-19 infection between December 7, 2022 and January 31, 2023 were included in this study. The end follow-up date was February 10, 2023. Univariate analysis and multivariate Cox analysis were used to analyze risk factors for death. RESULTS: During the 50-day median follow-up period, 90 patients in the study cohort died, for a mortality rate of 26.63%. The median age of the study cohort was 74 years, with a male predominance of 74%. During hospitalization, 21% of patients had incident AKI, 17% of patients experienced stroke, and 40% of patients experienced respiratory failure. Cox proportional hazard regression showed that older age, a diagnosis of severe or critically severe COVID-19 infection, incident AKI and respiratory failure, higher level of average values of fasting glucose during hospitalization, UA, and total bilirubin were independent risk factors for death in our multivariate model. CONCLUSIONS: These findings highlight the critical importance of identifying and managing comorbid risk factors for COVID-19, especially among the elderly, in order to optimize clinical outcomes, even after COVID-19 vaccination.
Subject(s)
Acute Kidney Injury , COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic , Respiratory Insufficiency , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Acute Kidney Injury/complications , Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology , COVID-19/complications , COVID-19/epidemiology , COVID-19 Vaccines/administration & dosage , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/epidemiology , Risk Factors , VaccinationABSTRACT
AIM: To undertake a meta-analysis of the prognostic value of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging feature tracking (CMR-FT) in patients with light-chain cardiac amyloidosis (LCA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. All analyses were conducted using RevMan 5.3 software. RESULTS: Eight studies were included with 663 patients. For the left ventricle, the results showed that CMR-FT was statistically significant in predicting death, with less impaired global circumferential (GCS), radial (GRS) and longitudinal (GLS) strain in survivors of LCA (odds ratio [OR] 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09-1.25; 0.95, 0.93-0.96; 1.12, 1.05-1.20, all p<0.001). For ejection fraction (EF) and mass index, surviving patients had higher EFs and mass index (OR 0.96, 95% CI 0.96-0.97; 1.01, 1.01-1.02). For the right ventricle, the results showed that CMR-FT was statistically significant in predicting death, with less impaired GLS and GRS in survivors of LCA (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.08-1.15; 0.93, 0.90-0.96, all p<0.001). Surviving patients had higher EFs (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.96-0.98, p<0.001). Upon removing the studies one by one, there was no significant change in the results of the study. Both analyses showed no apparent publication deviation on funnel plots. CONCLUSION: Parameters derived from CMR-FT technology are promising new predictors for LCA, and are easily available and reliable. Patients with poor myocardial deformability are at highest risk of death.
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Amyloidosis , Ventricular Function, Left , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine/methods , Prognosis , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Amyloidosis/diagnostic imaging , Predictive Value of Tests , Stroke VolumeABSTRACT
Immune homeostasis is a steady immune state that not only protects the host from pathogens but also prevents the emergence of pathological self-reactive immune cells. The disruption of immune homeostasis leads to the development of various diseases, such as cancer and autoimmune diseases. An emerging paradigm for the treatment of these diseases with dysfunctional immune systems is the restoration and maintenance of immune homeostasis. However, currently available drugs exert a unidirectional influence on immunity whereby they either augment or inhibit it. This strategy is associated with the drawback of potential adverse effects arising from uncontrolled activation or suppression of the immune system. Fortunately, evidence suggests that acupuncture can bidirectionally regulate the immune system to maintain immune homeostasis. In cases of immunosuppressive diseases (e.g. cancer), acupuncture has an enhancing effect on immunity. Conversely, in autoimmune diseases (e.g. rheumatoid arthritis), acupuncture has been observed to have an immunosuppressive effect, which helps restore normal immune tolerance. However, there is no publication systematically summarizing the bidirectional regulatory effects of acupuncture on the immune system in the literature. Here, our review provides a comprehensive overview of the various mechanisms through which acupuncture modulates the immune system in a bidirectional manner. These mechanisms include the augmentation of NK and CD8+ T cell function, as well as the restoration of Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg and M1/M2 balance. Thus, we propose the concept that acupuncture has the potential to alleviate illnesses through the facilitation of immune normalization. Moreover, we further highlight the therapeutic potential of acupuncture.
Subject(s)
Acupuncture Therapy , Arthritis, Rheumatoid , Autoimmune Diseases , Neoplasms , Humans , Autoimmune Diseases/therapy , Homeostasis , Neoplasms/pathologyABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: Due to the increased morbidity, mortality, and cost of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in older people, strategies directed at improving disease evaluation and prevention are imperative. We independently compared the 30-day in-hospital mortality prediction ability of a frailty index based on laboratory data (FI-Lab) with that of the CURB-65 and the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) and then proposed combining them to further improve prediction efficiency. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Patients aged ≥ 65 years (n = 2039) with CAP who were admitted to Jiangsu Provincial People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University and Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to June 2022. MEASURES: The 29-item FI-Lab, PSI and, CURB-65 were administered at admission. We defined frailty by the cut-off value of the FI-Lab score (> 0.43). Multivariable logistic regression analysis, together with the calculation of the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC-AUC), was conducted to identify stratified risks and relationships between the three indices and 30-day mortality. Participants were divided into the following three groups based on age: 65-74 years, 75-84 years, and ≥ 85 years. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for mortality due to frailty were calculated. RESULTS: A total of 495 participants ranging from 65 to 100 years of age were ultimately included and divided into age groups (65-74 years, n = 190, 38.4%; 75-84 years, n = 183, 37.0%; ≥ 85 years, n = 122, 24.6%). A total of 142 (28.7%) of the 495 patients were defined as having frailty. All three scores tested in this study were significantly associated with 30-day mortality in the total sample. The ORs were as follows: 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03-1.09, P < 0.001) and 2.33 (95% CI: 1.26-4.31, P = 0.007) for the FI-Lab when the score was treated as a continuous and categorical variable, respectively; 1.04 (95% CI: 1.02-1.05, P < 0.001) for the PSI; and 3.70 (95% CI: 2.48-5.50, P < 0.001) for the CURB-65. In the total sample, the ROC-AUCs were 0.783 (95% CI: 0.744-0.819) for the FI-Lab, 0.812 (95% CI: 0.775-0.845) for the PSI, and 0.799 (95% CI: 0.761-0.834) for the CURB-65 (P < 0.001). The ROC-AUC slightly improved when the FI-Lab was added to the PSI (AUC 0.850, 95% CI: 0.809-0.892, P = 0.031) and to the CURB-65 (AUC 0.839, 95% CI: 0.794-0.885, P = 0.002). Older patients with frailty showed a higher risk of in-hospital mortality, with an HR of 2.25 (95% CI: 1.14-3.58, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: The FI-Lab seems to generate simple and readily available data, suggesting that it could be a useful complement to the CURB-65 and the PSI as effective predictors of 30-day mortality due to CAP in older populations.
Subject(s)
Community-Acquired Infections , Frailty , Pneumonia , Humans , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Retrospective Studies , Frailty/diagnosis , Severity of Illness Index , Hospitals , ROC Curve , PrognosisABSTRACT
Lime sulfur is a common bactericide with strong alkalinity, and is highly corrosive to humans and animals. It is rare for lime sulfur poisoning clinically. This article discusses the clinical manifestations of a patient who was poisoned by oral lime sulfur. After the poisoning, the mucosa of the lips and pharynx broke, fever, and pulmonary inflammation quickly appeared. The pulmonary CT showed slight interstitial changes in both lungs. Through high flow oxygen inhalation, fluid infusion, drainage, maintenance of water and electrolyte balance, protection of important organ functions, and other symptomatic support and treatment, as well as control of blood pressure, blood sugar, maintenance of circulatory function and other targeted measures, the patient's condition gradually improved.
Subject(s)
Calcium Compounds , Poisoning , Animals , Humans , SulfidesABSTRACT
We report here the first observation of the 0_{2}^{+} state of ^{8}He, which has been predicted to feature the condensatelike α+^{2}n+^{2}n cluster structure. We show that this state is characterized by a spin parity of 0^{+}, a large isoscalar monopole transition strength, and the emission of a strongly correlated neutron pair, in line with theoretical predictions. Our finding is further supported by the state-of-the-art microscopic α+4n model calculations. The present results may lead to new insights into clustering in neutron-rich nuclear systems and the pair correlation and condensation in quantum many-body systems under strong interactions.
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The permanent electric dipole moment (EDM) of the ^{171}Yb (I=1/2) atom is measured with atoms held in an optical dipole trap. By enabling a cycling transition that is simultaneously spin-selective and spin-preserving, a quantum nondemolition measurement with a spin-detection efficiency of 50% is realized. A systematic effect due to parity mixing induced by a static E field is observed, and is suppressed by averaging between measurements with optical dipole traps in opposite directions. The coherent spin precession time is found to be much longer than 300 s. The EDM is determined to be d(^{171}Yb)=(-6.8±5.1_{stat}±1.2_{syst})×10^{-27} e cm, leading to an upper limit of |d(^{171}Yb)|<1.5×10^{-26} e cm (95% C.L.). These measurement techniques can be adapted to search for the EDM of ^{225}Ra.
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Tripping frequently occurs when an individual climbs the stairs with improper foot clearance. Among older adults, falling down the stairs accounts for over 10% of accidental deaths. This paper proposes an exoskeleton control method that blends human-dominant and exoskeleton-dominant control to prevent tripping. The blending controller not only allows the exoskeleton to track the pilot's movements and provide power assistance during regular walking, but also allows the exoskeleton to help the pilot avoid dangers in some cases. An online path planning method is used to generate a safe trajectory in the exoskeleton-dominant mode to help the pilot correct their running trajectory. The controller provides the pilot with adjustment spaces to adapt to sudden changes in the motion mode and enable active self-regulation. The simulations verified the effectiveness of the proposed blending method. Experiments showed that the robot should be involved in the pilot's movements when the foot clearance exceed the safety threshold to prevent tripping.
Subject(s)
Exoskeleton Device , Humans , Aged , Walking/physiology , Lower Extremity/physiology , Foot/physiology , Accidental Falls/prevention & control , Biomechanical PhenomenaABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To screen the targets of traditional Chinese medicine-derived potential plant molluscicides based on network pharmacology and explore the mechanisms of molluscicidal actions. METHODS: The traditional Chinese medicines with molluscicidal actions were screened based on retrospective literature reviews, and their molluscicidal efficiency was summarized. The active ingredients and potential targets of traditional Chinese medicines were captured from the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform, Unified Protein Database and literature mining using network pharmacology. The drug-active ingredient-target network was created using the software Cytoscape 3.7.2, and the key targets were subjected to Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis using the Metascape software. RESULTS: A total of 27 types of snail control drugs derived from traditional Chinese medicines were screened from publications and classified into 14 categories. Network pharmacology identified 190 active ingredients, and the active ingredients with a high degree in the drug-active ingredient-target network included quercetin, linoleyl acetate, luteolin, beta-carotene, (24S)-ethylcholesta-5,22,25-trans-3beta-ol, fumarine and arctiin, with 181 corresponding potential targets screened. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis revealed that these targets were mainly located in 16 pathways, including the neuroactive ligand-receptor interactions, regulation of adipocyte lipolysis and adrenergic signal in myocardial cells. CONCLUSIONS: This study preliminarily demonstrates the multi-ingredient, multi-target and multi-pathway mechanisms of action of 27 molluscicides. The screened key ingredient may provide the basis for isolation, purification and pharmacological studies of molluscicides, and the screened key targets and key pathways may facilitate the illustration of mechanisms of actions of traditional Chinese medicine-derived molluscicides and development of novel green molluscicides.
Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Medicine, Chinese Traditional , Network Pharmacology , Retrospective Studies , Databases, Factual , Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacologyABSTRACT
Non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) is an important link for the progression of metabolic-related fatty liver disease to end-stage liver disease such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma, which seriously endangers human health. NASH pathogenesis is complex, and involves the interaction between hepatic parenchymal and non-parenchymal cells (NPCs), sinusoidal endothelial cells, Kupffer cells, hepatic stellate cells, and so on. Herein, the relevant research progress of NPCs in the pathogenesis of NASH is reviewed in order to further understand the role of NPCs in NASH.
Subject(s)
Liver Neoplasms , Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease , Endothelial Cells , Hepatocytes , Humans , LiverABSTRACT
In recent years, intraocular lenses (IOLs) have been increasingly used in the correction of aphakia after congenital cataract extraction. But IOL implantation in infants and young children, especially under 1 year old, is still controversy. Large-scale, multi-center, randomly controlled clinical observations on this issue have been conducted. The mid-and long-term results have shown that infantile cataract extraction combined with primary IOL implantation can achieve the same or better visual outcome as aphakic contact lens correction. For infants over 7 months of age and young children, primary implantation of IOLs is relatively safe, with a low complication and secondary operation rate. Compared to the way of aphakic contact lens correction, which could be with more inconvenience, high demand of coordination, a higher infection risk, high cost and the need of a secondary IOL implantation surgery, primary implantation of IOLs at over 7 months of age is worth exploring, with appropriate understanding of the surgical indications and adequate surgical techniques. (Chin J Ophthalmol, 2021, 57: 487-491).
Subject(s)
Aphakia, Postcataract , Cataract Extraction , Cataract , Lenses, Intraocular , Aphakia, Postcataract/surgery , Cataract/therapy , Child , Child, Preschool , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Infant , Lens Implantation, Intraocular , Postoperative Complications , Visual AcuityABSTRACT
CD63 is a member of the four-transmembrane-domain protein superfamily and is the first characterized tetraspanin protein. In the present study, we cloned the common carp (Cyprinus Carpio) CD63 (ccCD63) sequence and found that the ccCD63 ORF contained 711 bp and encoded a protein of 236 amino acids. Homology analysis revealed that the complete ccCD63 sequence had 84.08% amino acid similarity to CD63 of Sinocyclocheilus anshuiensis. Subcellular localization analysis revealed that ccCD63 was localized in the cytoplasm. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis indicated that ccCD63 was expressed in the gill, intestine, liver, spleen, brain and kidney, with higher expression in spleen and brain tissues than in the other examined tissues. After koi herpesvirus (KHV) infection, these tissues exhibited various expression levels of ccCD63. The expression level was the lowest in the liver and highest in the brain; the expression level in the brain was 8.7-fold higher than that in the liver. Furthermore, knockdown of ccCD63 promoted KHV infection. Moreover, ccCD63 was correlated with the regulation of RIG-I/MAVS/TRAF3/TBK1/IRF3 and may be involved in the antiviral response through the RIG-I viral recognition signalling pathway in a TRAF3/TBK1-dependent manner. Taken together, our results suggested that ccCD63 upregulated the interaction of KHV with the host immune system and suppressed the dissemination of KHV.
Subject(s)
Carps/immunology , Fish Diseases/immunology , Fish Proteins/metabolism , Herpesviridae Infections/veterinary , Tetraspanin 30/metabolism , Animals , Carps/genetics , Carps/virology , Cloning, Molecular , DNA, Viral , Fish Diseases/virology , Fish Proteins/genetics , Gene Knockdown Techniques , Gills , Herpesviridae/immunology , Herpesviridae Infections/immunology , Herpesviridae Infections/virology , Host-Pathogen Interactions/immunology , Signal Transduction/immunology , Tetraspanin 30/geneticsABSTRACT
Reservoir computing (RC) is a recently introduced bio-inspired computational framework capable of excellent performances in the temporal data processing, owing to its derivation from the recurrent neural network (RNN). It is well-known for the fast and effective training scheme, as well as the ease of the hardware implementation, but also the problematic sensitivity of its performance to the optimizable architecture parameters. In this article, a particular time-delayed RC with a single clamped-clamped silicon beam resonator that exhibits a classical Duffing nonlinearity is presented and its optimization problem is studied. Specifically, we numerically analyze the nonlinear response of the resonator and find a quasi-linear bifurcation point shift of the driving voltage with the driving frequency sweeping, which is called Bifurcation Point Frequency Modulation (BPFM). Furthermore, we first proposed that this method can be used to find the optimal driving frequency of RC with a Duffing mechanical resonator for a given task, and then put forward a comprehensive optimization process. The high performance of RC presented on four typical tasks proves the feasibility of this optimization method. Finally, we envision the potential application of the method based on the BPFM in our future work to implement the RC with other mechanical oscillators.
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Objective: To investigate the safety and feasibility of transgluteal percutaneous drainage using double catheterization cannula in the treatment of deep pelvic abscess. Methods: A retrospective analysis of the clinical data of patients who underwent transgluteal percutaneous drainage using double catheterization cannula with deep pelvic abscesses admitted to the Jinling Hospital from May 2017 to September 2020 was conducted. Seven patients were enrolled, including 5 males and 2 females, who aged 26-74 (median 53.0) years old, and all of them had digestive fistula. One male patient was punctured again due to the tube falling off, and a total of 7 patients underwent 8 times of transgluteal percutaneous drainage, all under the guidance of CT. The puncture and drainage steps of the double catheterization cannula group are as follows: (1) Locate the puncture point under CT in the lateral position; (2) Place the trocar into the abscess cavity; (3) Confirm that the trocar is located in the abscess cavity under CT; (4) Pull out the inner core and insert into the double catheterization cannula through the operating hole; (5) Confirmthat the double catheterization cannula is located in the abscess cavity under CT; (6) The double catheterization cannula is properly fixed to prevent it from falling off. The white blood cells, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin, and interleukin-6 (IL-6) of all patients before the drainage and 1 days, 3 days, and 5 days after the drainage were collected, as well as the bacterial culture results of the drainage fluid. The changes of various infection biomarkers before and after the drainage were compared. Results: All 7 patients were cured. No complications such as hemorrhage and severe pain were observed. The average time with drainage tube was 60.8 (18-126) days. Five patients finally underwent gastrointestinal reconstruction surgery due to gastrointestinal fistula. The median serum interleukin-6 of patients before drainage, 1 day, 3 days and 5 days after drainage were 181.6 (113.0, 405.4) µg/L, 122.2 (55.8, 226.0) µg/L, 59.2 (29.0,203.5) µg/L and 64.1 (30.0,88.4) µg/L, respectively.The level of serum interleukin-6 at 3 days and 5 days after drainage was significantly lower than before drainage (F=3.586, P=0.026). Although the white blood cell count, C-reactive protein, and procalcitonin decreased gradually after drainage compared with before drainage, the difference was not statistically significant (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Transgluteal percutaneous drainage with double catheterization cannula is simple and effective, and can be used for the treatment of deep pelvic abscess.
Subject(s)
Abscess , Digestive System Fistula/complications , Drainage/methods , Pelvic Infection/surgery , Abscess/etiology , Abscess/surgery , Adult , Aged , Buttocks/surgery , Catheterization/methods , Digestive System Fistula/surgery , Feasibility Studies , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Pelvic Infection/etiology , Pelvis/surgery , Retrospective Studies , Surgery, Computer-Assisted , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/methods , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Fast radio bursts (FRBs) are millisecond-duration radio transients of unknown physical origin observed at extragalactic distances1-3. It has long been speculated that magnetars are the engine powering repeating bursts from FRB sources4-13, but no convincing evidence has been collected so far14. Recently, the Galactic magnetar SRG 1935+2154 entered an active phase by emitting intense soft γ-ray bursts15. One FRB-like event with two peaks (FRB 200428) and a luminosity slightly lower than the faintest extragalactic FRBs was detected from the source, in association with a soft γ-ray/hard-X-ray flare18-21. Here we report an eight-hour targeted radio observational campaign comprising four sessions and assisted by multi-wavelength (optical and hard-X-ray) data. During the third session, 29 soft-γ-ray repeater (SGR) bursts were detected in γ-ray energies. Throughout the observing period, we detected no single dispersed pulsed emission coincident with the arrivals of SGR bursts, but unfortunately we were not observing when the FRB was detected. The non-detection places a fluence upper limit that is eight orders of magnitude lower than the fluence of FRB 200428. Our results suggest that FRB-SGR burst associations are rare. FRBs may be highly relativistic and geometrically beamed, or FRB-like events associated with SGR bursts may have narrow spectra and characteristic frequencies outside the observed band. It is also possible that the physical conditions required to achieve coherent radiation in SGR bursts are difficult to satisfy, and that only under extreme conditions could an FRB be associated with an SGR burst.
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AIM: To analyse the effect of post-core, and cement materials and thickness of the cement lute on the stress in post-core systems under ultrasonic vibration at different frequencies and amplitudes using three-dimensional finite element analysis. METHODOLOGY: Eight three-dimensional finite element models of a maxillary central incisor with post-cores were established. Two post-core materials (Au and Ni-Cr alloys), two cements (glass ionomer (GI) and zinc phosphate (ZP)) and two cement layer thicknesses (50 and 150 µm) were considered. Vibration loads were applied near the neck on the buccal side of the core at frequencies of 10-40 kHz and amplitudes of 10-50 µm. The maximum shear stress of the cement layer and maximum principal stress of the roots and their distributions were investigated. RESULTS: The stresses on cements and roots increased with an increase in the frequency and amplitude of the vibration load and elastic modulus of the cements, and decreased with increasing thickness of the cement layer and elastic modulus of the post-core. Maximum cement stress was observed on the contralateral upper part of the loading side, whereas the maximum root stress was found on the ferrule where the load was applied. CONCLUSIONS: In this simulated model, the frequency and amplitude of ultrasound needed to remove a post-core were positively related to the elastic modulus of the post-core and thickness of the cement layer and negatively related to the elastic modulus of the cements.
Subject(s)
Post and Core Technique , Ultrasonic Waves , Dental Cements , Dental Stress Analysis , Finite Element Analysis , Materials Testing , Resin Cements , Stress, MechanicalABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the role of micro ribonucleic acid (miR)-92a in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS: The relative expression level of miR-92a in OSCC cell lines and normal oral epithelial keratinocyte cell lines was detected via quantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR). Subsequently, the effects of miR-92a silencing on proliferation and apoptosis of OSCC cells were determined via cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, flow cytometry, and colony formation assay, respectively. Whether miR-92a could bind to the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of target mRNA was detected using Dual-Luciferase reporter gene assay. Furthermore, changes in Wnt/ß-catenin pathway-associated proteins were explored via Western blotting. RESULTS: The expression of miR-92a in OSCC cell lines was significantly higher than that of normal oral epithelial keratinocyte cell lines (p<0.05). Silencing of miR-92a significantly inhibited proliferation and promoted apoptosis of OSCC cells (p<0.05). Luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed that miR-92a could bind to the 3'-UTR of Kruppel-like factor 4 (KLF4) gene. After miR-92a silencing, the expressions of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway-associated proteins were remarkably down-regulated, including ß-catenin, c-Myc, and Wnt3a (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Silencing of miR-92a inactivates the Wnt/ß-catenin signaling pathway by targeting KLF4, thereby inhibiting proliferation and promoting apoptosis of OSCC cells. Our findings suggest that miR-92a may be a potential therapeutic target for OSCC patients.