ABSTRACT
Objective@#To evaluate the efficacy of WEI NASAL JET for supraglottic ventilation before tracheal intubation in the patients with tooth loss.@*Methods@#Sixty patients of both sexes with tooth loss (more than 8 teeth missing), aged 67-83 yr, of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical statusⅠ-Ⅲ, with Mallampati classificationⅠ-Ⅲ, with body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2, undergoing surgery with general anesthesia, were divided into 2 groups (n=30 each) using a random number table method: WEI NASAL JET group (S group) and mask group (M group). After the end of anesthesia induction, WEI NASAL JET was inserted via the nasal cavity to perform supraglottic ventilation in group S, and two-hand buckle mask was performed in group M, and the patients were tracheally intubated after 5-min ventilation.At 5-min spontaneous breathing after nitrogen removal by oxygen supply, 1, 2, 3 and 4 min after no spontaneous breathing and immediately after intubation (T5), ultrasound was used to measure the amplitude of diaphragm motion induced by respiratory movement, and blood gas analysis was performed to record the development of pH value<7.30, SpO2<90% and fluctuation in mean arterial pressure and heart rate ≥30% of baseline before operation.The development of ventilation-related complications was also recorded.@*Results@#Compared with group M, the amplitude of diaphragm motion induced by respiratory movement was significantly increased at T1-5, PaO2was increased at T2-5, PaCO2 and PETCO2 were decreased at T3-5, the incidence of sore throat and nasal mucosal bleeding was increased, the incidence of gingiva injury and flatulence was decreased (P<0.05), and no significant change was found in the incidence of fluctuation in mean arterial pressure and heart rate ≥30% of baseline in group S (P>0.05). The pH value<7.30 and SpO2<90% were not found in two groups.@*Conclusion@#WEI NASAL JET can provide satisfactory supraglottic ventilation efficacy before tracheal intubation with good safety in the patients with tooth loss.
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the efficacy of WEI NASAL JET for supraglottic ventilation before tracheal intubation in the patients with tooth loss.Methods Sixty patients of both sexes with tooth loss (more than 8 teeth missing),aged 67-83 yr,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ-Ⅲ,with Mallampati classification Ⅰ-Ⅲ,with body mass index of 18-25 kg/m2,undergoing surgery with general anesthesia,were divided into 2 groups (n =30 each) using a random number table method:WEI NASAL JET group (S group) and mask group (M group).After the end of anesthesia induction,WEI NASAL JET was inserted via the nasal cavity to perform supraglottic ventilation in group S,and two-hand buckle mask was performed in group M,and the patients were tracheally intubated after 5-min ventilation.At 5min spontaneous breathing after nitrogen removal by oxygen supply,1,2,3 and 4 min after no spontaneous breathing and immediately after intubation (T5),ultrasound was used to measure the amplitude of diaphragm motion induced by respiratory movement,and blood gas analysis was performed to record the development of pH value＜7.30,SpO2＜90％ and fluctuation in mean arterial pressure and heart rate ≥30％ of baseline before operation.The development of ventilation-related complications was also recorded.Results Compared with group M,the amplitude of diaphragm motion induced by respiratory movement was significantly increased at T1-5,PaO2was increased at T2-5,PaCO2 and PETCO2 were decreased at T3-5,the incidence of sore throat and nasal mucosal bleeding was increased,the incidence of gingiva injury and flatulence was decreased (P ＜ 0.05),and no significant change was found in the incidence of fluctuation in mean arterial pressure and heart rate ≥30％ of baseline in group S (P＞0.05).The pH value＜7.30 and SpO2＜90％ were not found in two groups.Conclusion WEI NASAL JET can provide satisfactory supraglottic ventilation efficacy before tracheal intubation with good safety in the patients with tooth loss.
ABSTRACT
A detailed analysis of structural properties and dynamic properties of ferric chloride aqueous solution under external electrostatic fields with different intensities was performed by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. The effects on the ferric chloride aqueous solution caused by using an electrostatic field were examined in terms of the radial distribution function of the Fe3+ ion and water molecule/Cl-, coordination number of water/Cl- around the Fe3+ ion, characteristics of hydrogen bonds, solution viscosity, and how these effects influence the hydrolysis process of the Fe3+ ion. The goal behind the study is to attain additional insights into the mechanism of electrocoagulation when ferric chloride is used as coagulant, and provide a fundamental basis for the practical use of this technology.
