Bis(µ-Tartrato)Di(µ-Hydroxy) Germanate (IV) Triethanolammonium as a Mononuclear Alkaline Phospholipase A2 Inhibitor.

It was established that the administration of an aqueous solution of bis(µ-tartrato)di(µ-hydroxy) germanate (IV) triethanolammonium to animals daily for 2 months at a dose of the active substance of 10 mg/kg of the animal's weight leads to inhibition of the total activity of the alkaline phospholipase A2 of mononuclear cells. The results of the study can be used to correct lipid metabolism in the development of disorders in hyperlipidemia. This makes it possible to expand the scope of use of the studied substance and create new pharmaceuticals based on bis(µ-tartrato)di(µ-hydroxy) germanate (IV) triethanolammonium prevent and inhibit the development of hyperlipidemia.

[Anphen and energy status of the animal body]. / Anfen i énergeticheskii status organizma zhivotnykh.

Energy status of rats was altered after administration of anphen [2,4-(hydroxy-3,5-ditretbutyl phenyl)-2-aminomalonic acid] at a dose of 40 mg/kg. Within 30 min after administration, maximal rates of NAD-dependent substrates and succinate oxidation were detected in liver mitochondria, which appears to occur due to activation of the mitochondrogenesis. The rate of electron transport in respiratory chain of mitochondria was decreased 1.3-1.6-fold within 1-1.5 hr, whereas within 3 hrs the patterns of oxidation and energetic coupling in liver mitochondria were reduced to control values. The similar alterations were observed in activities of lymphocyte alpha-glycerophosphate- and succinate dehydrogenases. Shifts in the pool of lipid peroxidation products in biological membranes was apparently responsible for alterations in activity of the energy metabolizing enzymes in lymphocytes and liver mitochondria.

[Effects of combined action of heavy metal salts and phenol on energetics of isolated rat liver mitochondria]. / Vliianie kombinirovannogo deistviia solei tiazhelykh metallov i fenola na énergetiku izolirovannykh mitokhondrii pecheni krys.

Experiments were carried out to investigate effects of heavy metal salts and phenol both alone and in different combinations on respiration rate and coupling of respiration and oxidative phosphorylation by rat liver mitochondria. Oxygen consumption measurements were obtained using a Clark electrode and lactate plus glutamate as substrates. It is shown that a 50% decrease of the respiratory rate was achieved in less concentrations of substances in the mixture compared with the effects of the individual substances. For respiratory control recovery by EDTA titration more amounts of complexion for model mixtures was necessary. The results evidence synergism of the substances responsible for a considerable increase in toxicity. Mitochondrial test-systems are suggested for rapid prognosis of toxicity of multicomponent mixtures of substances.

[Activation of lipid peroxidation in the liver mitochondria and acute toxicity of chemical compounds]. / Aktivatsiia perekisnogo okisleniia lipidov v mitokhondriakh pecheni i ostraia toksichnost' khimicheskikh soedinenii.

The effect of toxic substances on the functional state of liver mitochondria has been studied. It has been shown, that the contact of toxic substances with mitochondria lead to the reduction of the degree of association of oxidation with phosphorylation. EDTA in concentrations necessary to inhibit lipid peroxide oxidation prevents toxic effects. Preliminary antioxidant treatment of mitochondria prevents toxic damage of membranes. A close correlation has been established between chemical compounds toxicity and the concentration of antioxidants necessary for the prevention of toxic effects, as well as between chemical compounds toxicity and cumulation of malonic dialdehyde in mitochondria membranes.

[Mechanism of action of piracetam on NADH oxidation via the external pathway in rat liver mitochondria]. / K mekhanizmu deistviia piratsetama na okislenie NADH po vneshnemu puti v mitokhondriiakh pecheni krys.

Activation of the external pathway (amytalantimycine A-resistant) of the exogenous NADH oxidation was studied in rat liver mitochondria after long-term (within 6 days) administration of pyracetame. Stimulation of lipid peroxidation and a decrease in viscosity of mitochondrial membranes accompanied the increase in the rate of oxygen consumption in mitochondria in presence of the exogenous NADH, amytal and antimycine A.

[Fatty acid composition and energy state of liver mitochondria after the administration of antioxidants of the ionol group to albino rats]. / Zhirnokislotnyi sostav i énergetika mitokhondrii pecheni pri vvedenii antioksidantov ionolovogo riada belym krysam.

Injections of albino rats with antioxidants of the ionol group cause cyclic changes in the energy state of liver mitochondria which are correlated with changes in the fatty acid composition of mitochondrial membranes. The increase in the degree of coupling between oxidation and phosphorylation coincides in time with the increment in the content of saturated fatty acids and a decrease in the unsaturated fatty acid content in the total fraction of mitochondrial membrane lipids. Conversely, the activation of the external pathway of NADH oxidation and a decrease of the respiratory control are correlated with the diminution of the saturated fatty acid content and an increased percentage of unsaturated fatty acids. These changes are especially well pronounced in the case of fatty acids carrying 18 carbon atoms.