ABSTRACT
Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation (PARylation) is a critical posttranslational modification that plays a vital role in maintaining genomic stability via a variety of molecular mechanisms, including activation of replication stress and the DNA damage response. The nudix hydrolase NUDT16 was recently identified as a phosphodiesterase that is responsible for removing ADP-ribose units and that plays an important role in DNA repair. However, the roles of NUDT16 in coordinating replication stress and cell cycle progression remain elusive. Here, we report that SETD3, which is a member of the SET-domain containing protein (SETD) family, is a novel substrate for NUDT16, that its protein levels fluctuate during cell cycle progression, and that its stability is strictly regulated by NUDT16-mediated dePARylation. Moreover, our data indicated that the E3 ligase CHFR is responsible for the recognition and degradation of endogenous SETD3 in a PARP1-mediated PARylation-dependent manner. Mechanistically, we revealed that SETD3 associates with BRCA2 and promotes its recruitment to stalled replication fork and DNA damage sites upon replication stress or DNA double-strand breaks, respectively. Importantly, depletion of SETD3 in NUDT16-deficient cells did not further exacerbate DNA breaks or enhance the sensitivity of cancer cells to IR exposure, suggesting that the NUDT16-SETD3 pathway may play critical roles in the induction of tolerance to radiotherapy. Collectively, these data showed that NUDT16 functions as a key upstream regulator of SETD3 protein stability by reversing the ADP-ribosylation of SETD3, and NUDT16 participates in the resolution of replication stress and facilitates HR repair.
Subject(s)
ADP-Ribosylation , Neoplasms , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded , DNA Damage , DNA Repair , Neoplasms/genetics , Neoplasms/radiotherapy , Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1/genetics , Protein Processing, Post-Translational , Humans , Cell Line , Pyrophosphatases/genetics , Pyrophosphatases/metabolism , Histone Methyltransferases/genetics , Histone Methyltransferases/metabolismABSTRACT
This paper examined the relationship between coaches and youth athletes in China by comparing data collected before and after the lockdown. A total of 221 youth athletes aged 13-19 years in one professional football school completed coach-athlete relationship questionnaires. The rank-sum test was used to verify the differences in the data. The results of the Mann-Whitney U test showed that mean value of the three dimensions of the coach-athlete relationship (closeness, commitment, and complementarity) increased after the COVID-19 lockdown. The results also showed that athletes of different age categories showed different changes in the coach-athlete relationship after the lockdown, and the changes were not significantly related to the severity of the COVID-19 epidemic. The theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
