The value of dual time-point fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose PET/computed tomography imaging in predicting lymph node metastasis in non-small cell lung cancer patients.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to analyze the correlation between specified dual time-point fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) imaging parameters and pathological characteristics in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. METHODS: This study retrospectively analyzed 47 patients with NSCLC. All patients underwent dual time-point 18F-FDG PET/CT imaging. We obtained the metabolic parameters, standardized uptake value (SUV) maximum, SUVmean, delayed standardized uptake value (DSUV) maximum, DSUVmean, delay index standardized uptake value (DISUV) maximum, and DISUVmean, of the primary tumor. The tumor size was measured by CT. All lymph nodes had a definite pathological diagnosis. We next evaluated the status of the lymph node metastases (LNM) and the correlations between metabolic parameters and clinical characteristics. Receiver operating characteristic curves were drawn for the prediction of LNM. RESULTS: We found that the DSUVmax, DISUVmax, DSUVmean, and tumor size were significantly related to LNM (P = 0.036, 0.009, and 0.049, respectively). Multivariate analysis revealed that tumor size and DISUVmax were independent risk factors for LNM in lung cancer patients. According to the receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the optimal cutoff values for DISUVmax and tumor size were 0.33 and 2.8 cm, respectively. When these two parameters were combined, the area under the curve for predicting LNM in NSCLC was 0.768, and the sensitivity was 95.7% for predicting LNM in lung cancer patients. We further allocated the patients to three groups: the high-risk group (tumor size ≥ 2.8 cm, DISUVmax ≥ 0.33), the moderate-risk group (tumor size ≥ 2.8 cm, DISUVmax < 0.33, or tumor size < 2.8 cm, DISUVmax ≥ 0.33), and the low-risk group (tumor size < 2.8 cm, DISUVmax < 0.33). The rates of LNM were 70, 50, and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Tumor size and DISUVmax are risk factors for predicting LNM, and they are more useful in combination. Compared with standard PET/CT imaging, dual time-point PET/CT imaging has added value in predicting LNM in NSCLC patients.

A Luminescent Cd-MOF Used as a Chemosensor for High-Efficiency Sensing of Fe3+, Cr(IV), Trinitrophenol, and Colchicine.

A Cd-MOF was constructed based on 3,5-bis(4-carboxyphenyl) pyridine under solvothermal conditions. Its structure and phase purity were verified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Thereafter, some studies on the morphology, structure, and luminescent properties of the compound were carried out. The compound exhibited a highly sensitive response to Fe3+, Cr(IV), trinitrophenol (TNP), and colchicine based on the fluorescence-quenching mechanism. The possible mechanism of luminescence quenching was discussed in detail.

Full-length transcriptome sequencing provides insights into alternative splicing under cold stress in peanut.

Introduction: Peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.), also called groundnut is an important oil and cash crop grown widely in the world. The annual global production of groundnuts has increased to approximately 50 million tons, which provides a rich source of vegetable oils and proteins for humans. Low temperature (non-freezing) is one of the major factors restricting peanut growth, yield, and geographic distribution. Since the complexity of cold-resistance trait, the molecular mechanism of cold tolerance and related gene networks were largely unknown in peanut. Methods: In this study, comparative transcriptomic analysis of two peanut cultivars (SLH vs. ZH12) with differential cold tolerance under low temperature (10°C) was performed using Oxford Nanopore Technology (ONT) platform. Results and discussion: As a result, we identified 8,949 novel gene loci and 95,291 new/novel isoforms compared with the reference database. More differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in cold-sensitive cultivar (ZH12) than cold-tolerant cultivar (SLH), while more alternative splicing events were found in SLH compared to ZH12. Gene Ontology (GO) analyses of the common DEGs showed that the "response to stress", "chloroplast part", and "transcription factor activity" were the most enriched GO terms, indicating that photosynthesis process and transcription factors play crucial roles in cold stress response in peanut. We also detected a total of 708 differential alternative splicing genes (DASGs) under cold stress compared to normal condition. Intron retention (IR) and exon skipping (ES) were the most prevalent alternative splicing (AS) events. In total, 4,993 transcription factors and 292 splicing factors were detected, many of them had differential expression levels and/or underwent AS events in response to cold stress. Overexpression of two candidate genes (encoding trehalose-6-phosphatephosphatases, AhTPPs) in yeast improves cold tolerance. This study not only provides valuable resources for the study of cold resistance in peanut but also lay a foundation for genetic modification of cold regulators to enhance stress tolerance in crops.

Effect of high-fat diet on cerebral pathological changes of cerebral small vessel disease in SHR/SP rats.

Cerebral small vessel diseases (CSVD) are neurological disorders associated with microvessels, manifested pathologically as white matter (WM) changes and cortical microbleeds, with hypertension as a risk factor. Additionally, a high-fat diet (HFD) can affect peripheral vessel health. Our study explored how HFD affects cerebral small vessels in normotensive WKY, hypertensive SHR, and SHR/SP rats. The MRI results revealed that HFD specifically increased WM hyperintensity in SHR/SP rats. Pathologically, it increased WM pallor and vacuolation in SHR and SHR/SP rats. Levels of blood-brain barrier (BBB) protein claudin 5 were decreased in SHR and SHR/SP compared to WKY, with HFD having minimal impact on these levels. Conversely, collagen IV levels remained consistent among the rat strains, which were increased by HFD. Consequently, HFD caused vessel leakage in all rat strains, particularly within the corpus callosum of SHR/SP rats. To understand the underlying mechanisms, we assessed the levels of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), Gp91-phox, and neuroinflammatory markers astrocytes, and microglia were increased in SHR and SHR/SP compared to WKY and were further elevated by HFD in all rat strains. Gp91-phox was also increased in SHR and SHR/SP compared to WKY, with HFD causing an increase in WKY but little effect in SHR and SHR/SP. In conclusion, our study demonstrates that HFD, in combined with hypertension, intensifies cerebral pathological alterations in CSVD rats. This exacerbation involves increased oxidative stress and HIF-1α in cerebral vessels, triggering neuroinflammation, vascular basement membrane remodeling, IgG leakage, and ultimately WM damage.

The Prediction of Clinical Mastitis in Dairy Cows Based on Milk Yield, Rumination Time, and Milk Electrical Conductivity Using Machine Learning Algorithms.

In commercial dairy farms, mastitis is associated with increased antimicrobial use and associated resistance, which may affect milk production. This study aimed to develop sensor-based prediction models for naturally occurring clinical bovine mastitis using nine machine learning algorithms with data from 447 mastitic and 2146 healthy cows obtained from five commercial farms in Northeast China. The variables were related to daily activity, rumination time, and daily milk yield of cows, as well as milk electrical conductivity. Both Z-standardized and non-standardized datasets pertaining to four specific stages of lactation were used to train and test prediction models. For all four subgroups, the Z-standardized dataset yielded better results than those of the non-standardized one, with the multilayer artificial neural net algorithm showing the best performance. Variables of importance had a similar rank in this algorithm, indicating the consistency of these variables as predictors for bovine mastitis in commercial farms with similar automatic systems. Moreover, the peak milk yield (PMY) of mastitic cows was significantly higher than that of healthy cows (p < 0.005), indicating that high-yielding cattle are more prone to mastitis. Our results show that machine learning algorithms are effective tools for predicting mastitis in dairy cows for immediate intervention and management in commercial farms.

Correction: Shibly et al. Analysis of Cerebral Small Vessel Changes in AD Model Mice. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 50.

In the original publication [...].

Toll-mediated airway homeostasis is essential for fly survival upon injection of RasV12-GFP oncogenic cells.

Toll signaling is well known for its pivotal role in the host response against the invasion of external pathogens. Here, we investigate the potential involvement of Toll signaling in the intersection between the host and oncogenic cells. We show that loss of myeloid differentiation factor 88 (Myd88) leads to drastic fly death after the injection of RasV12-GFP oncogenic cells. Transcriptomic analyses show that challenging flies with oncogenic cells or bacteria leads to distinct inductions of Myd88-dependent genes. We note that downregulation of Myd88 in the tracheal system accounts for fly mortality, and ectopic tracheal complementation of Myd88 rescues the survival defect in Myd88 loss-of-function mutants following RasV12-GFP injection. Further, molecular and genetic evidence indicate that Toll signaling modulates fly resistance to RasV12-GFP cells through mediating airway function in a rolled-dependent manner. Collectively, our data indicate a critical role of Toll signaling in tracheal homeostasis and host survival after the injection of oncogenic cells.

Selenium enhances photodynamic therapy of C-phycocyanin against lung cancer via dual regulation of cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity.

As a natural photosensitizer, phycocyanin (PC) has high efficiency and uses low-intensity irradiation. To enhance the photodynamic therapy (PDT) of PC, we extract selenium-enriched phycocyanin (Se-PC) from Se-enriched Spirulina platensis and examine the synergistic effect of PC combined with selenium against lung tumors. In vitro experiments reveal that Se-PC PDT more efficiently reduce the survival rate of mouse lung cancer cells (LLC cell line) than PC PDT treatment by increasing the level of ROS and decreasing the level of GPx4, which is confirmed by the Chou-Talalay assay. In vivo imaging system analysis reveal that tumor volume is more markedly decreased in both the Se-PC PDT and PC PDT plus Na 2SeO 3 groups than in the PC PDT group, with inhibition rates reaching 90.4%, 68.3% and 53.1%, respectively, after irradiation with 100 J/cm 2 laser light at 630 nm. In normal tissues, Se-PC promotes the synthesis of antioxidant enzymes and the immune response by the IL-6/TNF-α pathway against tumor proliferation and metastasis. Using Se-PC as a photosensitizer in tumors, apoptosis and pyroptosis are the primary types of cell death switched by Caspases-1/3/9, which is confirmed by TEM. Based on the transcriptome analysis, Se-PC PDT treatment inhibits angiogenesis, regulates inflammation by the HIF-1, NF-κB and TGF-ß signaling pathways and dilutes tumor metabolism by reducing the synthesis of glucose transporters and transferrin. Compared to PC PDT, Se-PC increases the expression levels of some chemokines in the tumor niche, which recruits inflammatory cells to enhance the immune response. Our study may provide evidence for Se-PC as an effective photosensitizer to treat lung cancer.

Global Transcriptome and Co-Expression Network Analyses Revealed Hub Genes Controlling Seed Size/Weight and/or Oil Content in Peanut.

Cultivated peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.) is an important economic and oilseed crop worldwide, providing high-quality edible oil and high protein content. Seed size/weight and oil content are two important determinants of yield and quality in peanut breeding. To identify key regulators controlling these two traits, two peanut cultivars with contrasting phenotypes were compared to each other, one having a larger seed size and higher oil content (Zhonghua16, ZH16 for short), while the second cultivar had smaller-sized seeds and lower oil content (Zhonghua6, ZH6). Whole transcriptome analyses were performed on these two cultivars at four stages of seed development. The results showed that ~40% of the expressed genes were stage-specific in each cultivar during seed development, especially at the early stage of development. In addition, we identified a total of 5356 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between ZH16 and ZH6 across four development stages. Weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) based on DEGs revealed multiple hub genes with potential roles in seed size/weight and/or oil content. These hub genes were mainly involved in transcription factors (TFs), phytohormones, the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, and fatty acid synthesis. Overall, the candidate genes and co-expression networks detected in this study could be a valuable resource for genetic breeding to improve seed yield and quality traits in peanut.

Correlation of exercise participation, behavioral inhibition and activation systems, and depressive symptoms in college students.

To clarify the pathways and effects of the behavioral inhibition and activation systems in the relationship between exercise participation and depressive symptoms among college students. A cross-sectional research design was employed to survey 2606 college students using physical activity questionnaires, the Behavioral Inhibition/Activation Systems Scale, and the Beck Depression Inventory. Data were analyzed using methods including one-way ANOVA, independent sample t-tests, non-parametric tests, chi-square tests, correlation analysis, and structural equation modeling. Depressive symptoms were significantly negatively correlated with exercise participation (r = - 0.107, P < 0.001), reward responsiveness (r = - 0.201, P < 0.001), drive (r = - 0.289, P < 0.001), and fun seeking (r = - 0.102, P < 0.001), and positively correlated with behavioral inhibition (r = 0.084, P < 0.001). Exercise participation was positively correlated with reward responsiveness (r = 0.067, P = 0.001), drive (r = 0.085, P < 0.001), and fun seeking (r = 0.063, P = 0.001). Exercise participation had a significant direct effect (B = - 0.079, 95% CI - 0.116 to - 0.043) and total effect (B = - 0.107, 95% CI - 0.148 to - 0.069) on depressive symptoms. The mediating effects of drive (B = - 0.028, 95% CI - 0.043 to - 0.016) and fun seeking (B = 0.005, 95% CI - 0.001 to 0.011) were significant. The more college students engage in exercise, the lower their depressive symptom scores. Drive and fun seeking mediate the relationship between college students' exercise participation and depressive symptoms. Encouraging exercise participation among college students and enhancing their sensitivity to behavioral activation strategies and reward information may have a significant role in preventing and alleviating depressive symptoms.

[Screening and obataining of aptamers for the blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA) to block Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) colonization in the stomach of mice].

Objective To explore the aptamer specific binding blood group antigen-binding adhesin (BabA) of Helicobacter pylori (H.pylori) for blocking of H.pylori adhering host cell. Methods H.pylori strain was cultured and its genome was extracted as templates to amplify the BabA gene by PCR with designed primers. The BabA gene obtained was cloned and constructed into prokaryotic expression plasmid, which was induced by isopropyl beta-D-galactoside (IPTG) and purified as target. The single stranded DNA (ssDNA) aptamers that specifically bind to BabA were screened by SELEX. Enzyme-linked oligonucleotide assay (ELONA) was used to detect and evaluate the characteristics of candidate aptamers. The blocking effect of ssDNA aptamers on H.pylori adhesion was subsequently verified by flow cytometry and colony counting at the cell level in vitro and in mouse model of infection, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels of cytokines, interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-8, tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α), IL-10 and IL-4 in the homogenate of mouse gastric mucosa cells were detected by ELISA. Results The genome of H.pylori ATCC 43504 strains was extracted and the recombinant plasmid pET32a-BabA was constructed. After induction and purification, the relative molecular mass (Mr) of the recombinant BabA protein was about 39 000. The amino acid sequence of recombinent protein was consistent with BabA protein by peptide mass fingerprint (PMF). Five candidate aptamers were selected to bind to the above recombinent BabA protein by SELEX. The aptamers A10, A30 and A42 identified the same site, while A3, A16 and the above three aptamers identified different sites respectively. The aptamer significantly blocked the adhesion of H.pylori in vitro. Animal model experiments showed that the aptamers can block the colonization of H.pylori in gastric mucosa by intragastric injection and reduce the inflammatory response. The levels of IL-4, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α in gastric mucosal homogenates in the model group with aptamer treatment were lower than that of model group without treatment. Conclusion Aptamers can reduce the colonization of H.pylori in gastric mucosa via binding BabA to block the adhesion between H.pylori and gastric mucosal epithelial cells.

Identification and application of a candidate gene AhAftr1 for aflatoxin production resistance in peanut seed (Arachis hypogaea L.).

INTRODUCTION: Peanut is susceptible to infection of Aspergillus fungi and conducive to aflatoxin contamination, hence developing aflatoxin-resistant variety is highly meaningful. Identifying functional genes or loci conferring aflatoxin resistance and molecular diagnostic marker are crucial for peanut breeding. OBJECTIVES: This work aims to (1) identify candidate gene for aflatoxin production resistance, (2) reveal the related resistance mechanism, and (3) develop diagnostic marker for resistance breeding program. METHODS: Resistance to aflatoxin production in a recombined inbred line (RIL) population derived from a high-yielding variety Xuhua13 crossed with an aflatoxin-resistant genotype Zhonghua 6 was evaluated under artificial inoculation for three consecutive years. Both genetic linkage analysis and QTL-seq were conducted for QTL mapping. The candidate gene was further fine-mapped using a secondary segregation mapping population and validated by transgenic experiments. RNA-Seq analysis among resistant and susceptible RILs was used to reveal the resistance pathway for the candidate genes. RESULTS: The major effect QTL qAFTRA07.1 for aflatoxin production resistance was mapped to a 1.98 Mbp interval. A gene, AhAftr1 (Arachis hypogaea Aflatoxin resistance 1), was detected structure variation (SV) in leucine rich repeat (LRR) domain of its production, and involved in disease resistance response through the effector-triggered immunity (ETI) pathway. Transgenic plants with overexpression of AhAftr1(ZH6) exhibited 57.3% aflatoxin reduction compared to that of AhAftr1(XH13). A molecular diagnostic marker AFTR.Del.A07 was developed based on the SV. Thirty-six lines, with aflatoxin content decrease by over 77.67% compared to the susceptible control Zhonghua12 (ZH12), were identified from a panel of peanut germplasm accessions and breeding lines through using AFTR.Del.A07. CONCLUSION: Our findings would provide insights of aflatoxin production resistance mechanisms and laid meaningful foundation for further breeding programs.

Efficient oxidation of benzyl alcohol into benzaldehyde catalyzed by graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide supported bimetallic Au-Sn catalysts.

A series of bimetallic and monometallic catalysts comprising Au and Sn nanoparticles loaded on graphene oxide (GO) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) were prepared using three distinct techniques: two-step immobilization, co-immobilization, and immobilization. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX), and Inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) were used to characterize the chemical and physical properties of prepared Au-Sn bimetallic and Au or Sn monometallic nanocatalysts. The catalytic performance of the prepared nanocatalysts was evaluated in the selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol (BzOH) to benzaldehyde (BzH) using O2 as an oxidizing agent under moderate conditions. To obtain the optimal BzH yield, the experimental conditions and parameters, including the effects of the reaction time, temperature, pressure, and solvent type on BzOH oxidation, were optimized. Under optimal reaction conditions, bimetallic Au-Sn nanoparticles supported on GO (AuSn/GO-TS, 49.3%) produced a greater yield of BzH than the AuSn/rGO-TS catalysts (35.5%). The Au-Sn bimetallic catalysts were more active than the monometallic catalysts. AuSn/GO-TS and AuSn/rGO-TS prepared by the two-step immobilization method were more active than AuSn/GO-CoIM and AuSn/rGO-CoIM prepared by co-immobilization. In addition, the AuSn/GO-TS and AuSn/rGO-TS catalysts were easily separated from the mixture by centrifugation and reused at least four times without reducing the yield of BzH. These properties make Au-Sn bimetallic nanoparticles supported on GO and rGO particularly attractive for the environmentally friendly synthesis of benzaldehyde.

The effect of physical exercise on disordered social communication in individuals with autism Spectrum disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Objective: The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to systematically investigate the intervention effect of physical exercise on disordered social communication in patients with autism spectrum disorders. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis used the PubMed, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and Embase electronic databases to conduct a systematic search of literature describing randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of physical exercise on disordered social communication in autistic patients from the first year of inclusion to 21 January 2023. Results: A total of 14 RCTs including 460 autistic patients were analyzed. A meta-analysis showed that physical exercise had a positive effect on social communication disorder (SMD = 0.45, 95% CI: 0.15, 0.74, p < 0.05) in autistic patients. Subgroup analysis showed that exercise programs with multiple components (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.39, 1.06, P < 0.001), a moderate duration (SMD = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.38, 1.08, P < 0.001), a moderate-high frequency (SMD = 0.84, 95% CI: 0.53, 1.14, P < 0.001), and a long duration (SMD = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.36, 1.18, P < 0.001) led to significant improvement. Conclusion: Physical exercise can improve disordered social communication in patients with autism spectrum disorders. Specifically, early intervention, multi-component exercise, a moderate period, moderate and high frequency, long duration, and multi-participant programs were most effective. Systematic Review Registration: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/ RecordID= CRD42023422482.

mthl1, a potential Drosophila homologue of mammalian adhesion GPCRs, is involved in antitumor reactions to injected oncogenic cells in flies.

Injection of OCs into adult male flies induces a strong transcriptomic response in the host flies featuring in particular genes encoding bona fide G coupled proteins, among which the gene for methuselah like 1 is prominent. The injection is followed after a 3-d lag period, by the proliferation of the oncogenic cells. We hypothesized that through the product of mthl1 the host might control, at least in part, this proliferation as a defense reaction. Through a combination of genetic manipulations of the mthl1 gene (loss of function and overexpression of mthl1), we document that indeed this gene has an antiproliferative effect. Parallel injections of primary embryonic Drosophila cells or of various microbes do not exhibit this effect. We further show that mthl1 controls the expression of a large number of genes coding for chemoreceptors and genes implicated in regulation of development. Of great potential interest is our observation that the expression of the mouse gene coding for the adhesion G-protein-coupled receptor E1 (Adgre1, also known as F4/80), a potential mammalian homologue of mthl1, is significantly induced by B16-F10 melanoma cell inoculation 3 d postinjection in both the bone marrow and spleen (nests of immature and mature myeloid-derived immune cells), respectively. This observation is compatible with a role of this GPCR in the early response to injected tumor cells in mice.

Single Cell Analysis of the Fate of Injected Oncogenic RasV12 Cells in Adult Wild Type Drosophila.

We have injected dish-cultured oncogenic RasV12 cells into adult male flies and analyzed by single cell transcriptomics their destiny within the host after 11 days. We identified in the preinjection samples and in the 11-day postinjection samples in all 16 clusters of cells, of which 5 disappeared during the experiment in the host. The other cell clusters expanded and expressed genes involved in the regulation of cell cycle, metabolism, and development. In addition, three clusters expressed genes related to inflammation and defense. Predominant among these were genes coding for phagocytosis and/or characteristic for plasmatocytes (the fly equivalent of macrophages). A pilot experiment indicated that the injection into flies of oncogenic cells, in which two of most strongly expressed genes had been previously silenced by RNA interference, into flies resulted in a dramatic reduction of their proliferation in the host flies as compared to controls. As we have shown earlier, the proliferation of the injected oncogenic cells in the adult flies is a hallmark of the disease and induces a wave of transcriptions in the experimental flies. We hypothesize that this results from a bitter dialogue between the injected cells and the host, while the experiments presented here should contribute to deciphering this dialogue.

Identification and Pyramiding Major QTL Loci for Simultaneously Enhancing Aflatoxin Resistance and Yield Components in Peanut.

Peanut is susceptible to Aspergillus flavus infection, and the consequent aflatoxin contamination has been recognized as an important risk factor affecting food safety and industry development. Planting peanut varieties with resistance to aflatoxin contamination is regarded as an ideal approach to decrease the risk in food safety, but most of the available resistant varieties have not been extensively used in production because of their low yield potential mostly due to possessing small pods and seeds. Hence, it is highly necessary to integrate resistance to aflatoxin and large seed weight. In this study, an RIL population derived from a cross between Zhonghua 16 with high yield and J 11 with resistance to infection of A. flavus and aflatoxin production, was used to identify quantitative trait locus (QTL) for aflatoxin production (AP) resistance and hundred-seed weight (HSW). From combined analysis using a high-density genetic linkage map constructed, 11 QTLs for AP resistance with 4.61-11.42% phenotypic variation explanation (PVE) and six QTLs for HSW with 3.20-28.48% PVE were identified, including three major QTLs for AP resistance (qAFTA05.1, qAFTB05.2 and qAFTB06.3) and three for HSW (qHSWA05, qHSWA08 and qHSWB06). In addition, qAFTA05.1, qAFTB06.3, qHSWA05, qHSWA08 and qHSWB06 were detected in multiple environments. The aflatoxin contents under artificial inoculation were decreased by 34.77-47.67% in those segregated lines harboring qAFTA05.1, qAFTB05.2 and qAFTB06.3, while the HSWs were increased by 47.56-49.46 g in other lines harboring qHSWA05, qHSWA08 and qHSWB06. Conditional QTL mapping indicated that HSW and percent seed infection index (PSII) had no significant influence on aflatoxin content. Interestingly, the QT 1059 simultaneously harboring alleles of aflatoxin content including qAFTA05.1 and qAFTB05.2, alleles of PSII including qPSIIB03.1, qPSIIB03.2, and qPSIIB10 and alleles of HSW including qHSWA05, qHSWB06, qHSWA08 had better resistance to A. flavus infection and to toxin production and higher yield potential compared with the two parents of the RIL. The above identified major loci for AP resistance and HWS would be helpful for marker-assisted selection in peanut breeding.

The Effect of Low Intensity Resistance Training with Blood Flow Restriction on Fall Resistance in Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A Meta-Analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the effect of low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on fall resistance in middle-aged and older adults. METHODS: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Embase, EBSCO host, CNKI Database, VIP, Wanfang Database and CBMdisc were searched, and the retrieval period was from the beginning of each database to 25 July 2022. Randomized controlled trials were collected concerning the intervention of low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on lower limb muscle strength, muscle mass, muscle function, balance, walking and other fall resistance indicators in middle-aged and older adults. Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool was used for methodological quality assessment of the included literature. Statistical analysis was performed using RevMan 5.4 software and Stata 15.1. RESULTS: A total of 14 randomized controlled trials (419 participants in total) were included in the study. Meta-analysis results revealed that low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction significantly improved lower limb muscle strength (SMD = 0.51, 95%CI: [0.28, 0.74], p < 0.0001), lower limb muscle mass (MD = 1.99, 95%CI: [0.77, 3.22], p = 0.001) and walking ability (SMD = -0.89, 95% CI. [-1.71, -0.06], p = 0.03), while there was no apparent intervention effect on lower limb muscle function (SMD = 0.25, 95%CI: [-0.23, 0.73], p = 0.31) and balance (SMD = 0.22, 95%CI: [-0.08, 0.52], p = 0.15). The results of subgroup analysis showed that the intervention effect of low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction on lower limb muscle strength was more significant in subjects aged 55-64 years, with exercise cycles of 4-8 weeks, exercise frequency of three times per week, exercise intensity of 20-30% 1RM, and vascular flow blocking pressure ≥ 120 mmHg. CONCLUSION: Low intensity resistance training with blood flow restriction can effectively improve lower limb muscle strength, muscle mass and walking ability in middle-aged and older adults, and can serve as an important form of fall resistance training for the older adults.

Identification of a stable major sucrose-related QTL and diagnostic marker for flavor improvement in peanut.

KEY MESSAGE: An InDel marker closely linked with a major and stable quantitative trait locus (QTL) on chromosome A08, qSUCA08.2, controlling sucrose content will benefit peanut flavor improvement. Sucrose is the main soluble sugar in mature peanut kernel, and its content is a key determinant of flavor. However, the genetic basis of sucrose content in peanut remains poorly understood, which limits the progress of flavor improvement. In the present study, two genomic regions (qSUCA08a and qSUCB06a) for sucrose content on chromosomes A08 and B06 were identified by QTL-seq in a RIL population derived from a cross between Zhonghua 10 and ICG 12625. In the interval of qSUCB06a, QTL qSUCB06.2 was detected through QTL mapping in a single environment. The qSUCA08a was further dissected into 3 adjacent genomic regions using linkage analysis including a major QTL qSUCA08.2 explaining 5.43-17.84% phenotypic variation across five environments. A 61-bp insertion at position 35,099,320 in the higher sucrose parent ICG 12625 was found in qSUCA08.2. An InDel marker SUC.InDel.A08 based on the insertion/deletion polymorphism was developed and validated within a natural population containing 172 peanut cultivars in two environments. The mean sucrose content of 93 cultivars with ICG 12625 allele was significantly higher than that of 79 cultivars with Zhonghua 10 allele. The qSUCA08.2 corresponding to a 2.11 Mb interval harbored 110 genes. Among these genes, a total of 19 genes were considered as candidate genes including 5 non-synonymous mutation genes and 14 differentially expressed genes during seed development. These results provide new insights into the genetic basis of sucrose regulation in peanut and benefit the breeding program for developing new varieties with excellent flavor.

Investigation on Nurses' Willingness to "Internet + Nursing Service" and Analysis of Influencing Factors.

Objective: To investigate the willingness of nurses in Yichang to participate in "Internet plus nursing services" and analyze the influencing factors in order to provide reference for the implementation of "Internet plus nursing services". Methods: Using the "Internet plus Nursing Service" questionnaire, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among 1447 nurses in Yichang by convenience sampling from July to September in 2022, and the related influencing factors were analyzed. The questionnaire was composed of two parts: the demographic characteristics and the questionnaire of nurses' willingness to participate in "Internet plus nursing service", including 4 dimensions: awareness, promoting factors, concern factors and training needs. Likert 5-point scoring method was used for scoring. Binary logistic regression was used to screen the variables, and the ROC curve and Nomogram risk prediction model were drawn. Results: A total of 1233 valid questionnaires were collected. It shows that 76.07% of nurses in Yichang are willing to participate in "Internet plus nursing services". Among them, education background, specialist nurses, awareness, promotion factors, concerns and training needs are the independent influencing factors (all P < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve (AUC) of the prediction model is 0.802, and the consistency index (c-index) of nomogram is 0.800. The average absolute error of internal calibration is 0.014, and the model has good accuracy and discrimination. Conclusion: Nurses in Yichang have a high willingness to participate in "Internet plus nursing services", a low awareness of the program and a high demand for relevant professional training. It is suggested that the government and hospitals should strengthen the publicity of "Internet plus nursing services", improve relevant laws and regulations and strengthen the construction of specialist nurses' team, so as to provide a good practice environment for nurses' door-to-door service.