Research on evaluation indicators of healthspan for veterans: A single-center exploratory study.

Objective: To explore a definition of healthspan that based on actual situation of veterans is of significance for improving their health status and life quality. Methods: This was a retrospective study. Based on the medical data of veterans from the Chinese PLA General Hospital. Total of 1,421 subjects were enrolled to this study, among which 441 deceased cases were further analyzed. The indicators of healthspan of the subjects was calculated from four dimensions (the status of chronic diseases, physical function, social function and psychological function). The risk factors for death were analyzed in a population cohort from 2008 to 2021 (including 763 subjects, among which 372 were deceased). Results: The average lifespan and adjusted healthspan of the subjects were 93.3 years and 75.1 years, respectively. The four dimensions of healthspan were: adjusted healthspan without chronic diseases was 76.3 years, social function-related healthspan was 88.8 years, physical function-related healthspan was 91.5 years, and psychological function-related healthspan was 92.7 years. By analyzing the cohort in 2008, it was inferred that the main risk factors for the death of veterans were poor nutritional status, renal function injury, high blood pressure, high blood sugar, and aging. Conclusions: This study proposed four dimensions related to "healthspan" for Chinese veterans (adjusted healthspan without chronic diseases, physical function-related healthspan, social function-related healthspan, and psychological function-related healthspan). Besides, poor nutritional status, renal function injury, and high blood pressure were the most important risk factors affecting the death of veterans.

How photosynthetic performance impacts agricultural productivity in hybrid cotton offspring.

Currently, heterosis is an effective method for achieving high crop quality and yield worldwide. Owing to the challenges of breeding and the high cost of the F1 generation, the F2 generation is considered the more desirable hybrid offspring for agricultural production. The use of OJIP fluorescence provides rapid insights into various photosynthetic mechanisms. However, OJIP fluorescence has not been previously studied as an indicator of the rate of heterosis. Consequently, we investigated the relationship between photosynthetic characteristics and growth and developmental parameters in hybrid cotton cultivars. The findings showed a gradual decline in the photosynthetic performance of hybrid cotton as the number of generations increased. In comparison to the F3 generation, both the F1 and F2 generations showed minimal variations in parameters, thus maintaining hybrid dominant and emphasizing the agricultural production potential of the F2 generation. The JIP-test revealed significant differences in the relationship between ψ Eo and ϕ Eo parameters, as well as variations in the connections between the photo-response center and electron transfer efficiency, and between cotton yield and fiber quality in the hybrid progeny. These variations can serve as indicators for predicting the extent of hybrid dominance in cotton. The results indicated significant differences in the light and dark responses of the hybrid offspring. By using parents with similar photosynthetic performance as genetic resources for crossbreeding, the photosynthetic capacity of the hybrid progeny can be enhanced to facilitate the efficient absorption and conversion of light energy in crops.

Chromosome-level genome provides new insight into the overwintering process of Korla pear (Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu).

Korla pear has a unique taste and aroma and is a breeding parent of numerous pear varieties. It is susceptible to Valsa mali var. pyri, which invades bark wounded by freezing injury. Its genetic relationships have not been fully defined and could offer insight into the mechanism for freezing tolerance and disease resistance. We generated a high-quality, chromosome-level genome assembly for Korla pear via the Illumina and PacBio circular consensus sequencing (CCS) platforms and high-throughput chromosome conformation capture (Hi-C). The Korla pear genome is ~ 496.63 Mb, and 99.18% of it is assembled to 17 chromosomes. Collinearity and phylogenetic analyses indicated that Korla might be derived from Pyrus pyrifolia and that it diverged ~ 3.9-4.6 Mya. During domestication, seven late embryogenesis abundant (LEA), two dehydrin (DHN), and 54 disease resistance genes were lost from Korla pear compared with P. betulifolia. Moreover, 21 LEA and 31 disease resistance genes were common to the Korla pear and P. betulifolia genomes but were upregulated under overwintering only in P. betulifolia because key cis elements were missing in Korla pear. Gene deletion and downregulation during domestication reduced freezing tolerance and disease resistance in Korla pear. These results could facilitate the breeding of novel pear varieties with high biotic and abiotic stress resistance.

A Facile Approach to Construct Novel Polyesters as Soft Midblock for Thermoplastic Elastomers.

The development of innovative synthetic strategies to create functional polycaprolactones is highly demanded for advanced material applications. In this contribution, we reported a facile synthetic strategy to prepare a class of CL-based monomers (R-TO) derived from epoxides. They readily polymerize via well-controlled ring-opening polymerization (ROP) to afford a series of polyesters P(R-TO) with high molecular weight (Mn up to 350 kDa). Sequential addition copolymerization of MTO and L-lactide (L-LA) allowed to access of a series of ABA triblock copolymers with composition-dependent mechanical properties. Notably, P(L-LA)100-b-P(MTO)500-b-P(L-LA)100 containing the amorphous P(MTO) segment as a soft midblock and crystalline P(L-LA) domain as hard end block behaved as an excellent thermoplastic elastomer (TPE) with high elongation at break (1438±204 %), tensile strength (23.5±1.7 MPa), and outstanding elastic recovery (>88 %).

Quercetin promotes the proportion and maturation of NK cells by binding to MYH9 and improves cognitive functions in aged mice.

BACKGROUND: Quercetin is a flavonol compound widely distributed in plants that possesses diverse biological properties, including antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, neuroprotective and senescent cell-clearing activities. It has been shown to effectively alleviate neurodegenerative diseases and enhance cognitive functions in various models. The immune system has been implicated in the regulation of brain function and cognitive abilities. However, it remains unclear whether quercetin enhances cognitive functions by interacting with the immune system. RESULTS: In this study, middle-aged female mice were administered quercetin via tail vein injection. Quercetin increased the proportion of NK cells, without affecting T or B cells, and improved cognitive performance. Depletion of NK cells significantly reduces cognitive ability in mice. RNA-seq analysis revealed that quercetin modulated the RNA profile of hippocampal tissues in aging animals towards a more youthful state. In vitro, quercetin significantly inhibited the differentiation of Lin-CD117+ hematopoietic stem cells into NK cells. Furthermore, quercetin promoted the proportion and maturation of NK cells by binding to the MYH9 protein. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, our findings suggest that quercetin promotes the proportion and maturation of NK cells by binding to the MYH9 protein, thereby improving cognitive performance in middle-aged mice.

Kinetic Resolution Polymerization Enabled Chemical Synthesis of Perfectly Isotactic Polythioesters.

Isotactic polythioesters (PTEs) that are thioester analogs to natural polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) have attracted growing attention due to their distinct properties. However, the development of chemically synthetic methods for preparing isotactic PTEs has long been an intricate endeavour. Herein, we report the successful synthesis of perfectly isotactic PTEs via stereocontrolled ring-opening polymerization. This binaphthalene-salen aluminium (SalBinam-Al) catalyst promoted a robust polymerization of rac-α-substituted-ß-propiothiolactones (rac-BTL and rac-PTL) with highly kinetic resolution, affording perfectly isotactic P(BTL) and P(PTL) with Mn up to 276 kDa. Impressively, the isotactic P(BTL) formed a supramolecular stereocomplex with improved thermal property (Tm=204 °C). Ultimately, this kinetic resolution polymerization enabled the facile isolation of enantiopure (S)-BTL, which could efficiently convert to an important pharmaceutical building block (S)-2-benzyl-3-mercapto-propanoic acid. Isotactic P(PTL) served as a tough and ductile material comparable to the commercialized polyolefins. This synthetic system allowed to access of isotactic PTEs, establishing a powerful platform for the discovery of sustainable plastics.

Intravenous administration of IL-12 encoding self-replicating RNA-lipid nanoparticle complex leads to safe and effective antitumor responses.

Interleukin 12 (IL-12) is a potent immunostimulatory cytokine mainly produced by antigen-presenting cells (e.g., dendritic cells, macrophages) and plays an important role in innate and adaptive immunity against cancers. Therapies that can synergistically modulate innate immunity and stimulate adaptive anti-tumor responses are of great interest for cancer immunotherapy. Here we investigated the lipid nanoparticle-encapsulated self-replicating RNA (srRNA) encoding IL-12 (referred to as JCXH-211) for the treatment of cancers. Both local (intratumoral) and systemic (intravenous) administration of JCXH-211 in tumor-bearing mice induced a high-level expression of IL-12 in tumor tissues, leading to modulation of tumor microenvironment and systemic activation of antitumor immunity. Particularly, JCXH-211 can inhibit the tumor-infiltration of polymorphonuclear myeloid-derived suppressor cells (PMN-MDSCs). When combined with anti-PD1 antibody, it was able to enhance the recruitment of T cells and NK cells into tumors. In multiple mouse solid tumor models, intravenous injection of JCXH-211 not only eradicated large preestablished tumors, but also induced protective immune memory that prevented the growth of rechallenged tumors. Finally, intravenous injection of JCXH-211 did not cause noticeable systemic toxicity in tumor-bearing mice and non-human primates. Thus, our study demonstrated the feasibility of intravenous administration of JCXH-211 for the treatment of advanced cancers.

Highly efficient and selective removal of anionic dyes from aqueous solutions using polyacrylamide/peach gum polysaccharide/attapulgite composite hydrogels with positively charged hybrid network.

To avoid the weakness (lower adsorption rate and selectivity) of peach gum polysaccharide (PGP) and improve the adsorption performance of polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel (lower adsorption capacity), in the present work, the PGP was chemically tailored to afford ammoniated PGP (APGP) and quaternized PGP (QPGP), and attapulgite (ATP) was bi-functionalized with cation groups and carbon­carbon double bond. Then, PAAm/APGP and PAAm/QPGP/ATP hydrogels were synthesized via redox polymerization. The synthesis procedure and properties of hydrogels were traced by FTIR, SEM, XPS, TGA, TEM, and BET methods, and the dye adsorption performance of the hydrogels was evaluated using the new coccine (NC) and tartrazine (TTZ) aqueous solutions as the model anionic dyes. Effects of initial dye concentration, pH, and ionic strength on the adsorption were investigated. Compared with PAAm/APGP hydrogel, PAAm/APGP/ATP hydrogel exhibits higher adsorption rate, superior adsorption capacity, stability, and selectivity towards anionic dye. The adsorption process of PAAm/QPGP/ATP hydrogel reached equilibrium in about 20 min and followed the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isotherm. The adsorption capacities towards NC and TTZ of PAAm/QPGP/ATP hydrogel were calculated as 873.235 and 731.432 mg/g. This hydrogel adsorbent originating from PAAm, PGP, and ATP shows great promise for application in practical water treatment.

Torsional Strain Enabled Ring-Opening Polymerization towards Axially Chiral Semiaromatic Polyesters with Chemical Recyclability.

The development of new chemically recyclable polymers via monomer design would provide a transformative strategy to address the energy crisis and plastic pollution problem. Biaryl-fused cyclic esters were targeted to generate axially chiral polymers, which would impart new material performance. To overcome the non-polymerizability of the biaryl-fused monomer DBO, a cyclic ester Me-DBO installed with dimethyl substitution was prepared to enable its polymerizability via enhancing torsional strain. Impressively, Me-DBO readily went through well-controlled ring-opening polymerization, producing polymer P(Me-DBO) with high glass transition temperature (Tg >100 °C). Intriguingly, mixing these complementary enantiopure polymers containing axial chirality promoted a transformation from amorphous to crystalline material, affording a semicrystalline stereocomplex with a melting transition temperature more than 300 °C. P(Me-DBO) were capable of depolymerizing back to Me-DBO in high efficiency, highlighting an excellent recyclability.

Comparative transcriptome analysis reveals the adaptive mechanisms of halophyte Suaeda dendroides encountering high saline environment.

Suaeda dendroides, a succulent euhalophyte of the Chenopodiaceae family, intermittently spread around northern Xinjiang, China, has the ability to grow and develop in saline and alkali environments. The objective of this study was therefore to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms of S. dendroides response to high salt conditions. 27 sequencing libraries prepared from low salt (200 mM NaCl) and high salt (800 mM NaCl) treated plants at 5 different stages were sequenced using Illumina Hiseq 2000. A total of 133,107 unigenes were obtained, of which 4,758 were DEGs. The number of DEGs in the high salt group (3,189) was more than the low salt treatment group (733) compared with the control. GO and KEGG analysis of the DEGs at different time points of the high salt treatment group showed that the genes related to cell wall biosynthesis and modification, plant hormone signal transduction, ion homeostasis, organic osmolyte accumulation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) detoxification were significantly expressed, which indicated that these could be the main mechanisms of S. dendroides acclimate to high salt stress. The study provides a new perspective for understanding the molecular mechanisms of halophytes adapting to high salinity. It also provides a basis for future investigations of key salt-responsive genes in S. dendroides.

Classification of superficial suspected lymph nodes: non-invasive radiomic model based on multiphase contrast-enhanced ultrasound for therapeutic options of lymphadenopathy.

Background: Accurate determination of the types of lymphadenopathy is of great importance in disease diagnosis and treatment and is usually confirmed by pathological findings. Radiomics is a non-invasive tool that can extract quantitative information from medical images. Our study was designed to develop a non-invasive radiomic approach based on multiphase contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) images for the classification of different types of lymphadenopathy. Methods: A total of 426 patients with superficial suspected lymph nodes (LNs) from three centres were grouped into a training cohort (n=190), an internal testing cohort (n=127), and an external testing cohort (n=109). The radiomic features were extracted from the prevascular phase, vascular phase, and postvascular phase of the CEUS images. Model 1 (the conventional feature model), model 2 (the multiphase radiomics model), and model 3 (the combined feature model) were established for lymphadenopathy classification. The area under the curve (AUC) and confusion matrix were used to evaluate the performance of the three models. The usefulness of the models was assessed in different threshold probabilities by decision curve analysis. Results: There were 139 patients (32.6%) with benign LNs, 110 patients (25.8%) with lymphoma, and 177 patients (41.5%) with metastatic LNs in our population. Finally, twenty features were selected to construct the radiomics models for these three types of lymphadenopathy. Model 2 integrating multiphase images of the CEUS yielded the AUCs of 0.838, 0.739, and 0.733 in the training cohort, internal testing cohort, and external testing cohort, respectively. After the combination of conventional features and radiomic features, the AUCs of model 3 improved to 0.943, 0.823 and 0.785 in the training cohort, internal testing cohort, and external testing cohort. Besides, model 3 had an accuracy of 81.05%, sensitivity of 80%, and specificity of 90.43% in the training cohort. Model performance was further confirmed in the internal testing cohort and external testing cohort. Conclusions: We constructed a combined feature model using a series of CEUS images for the classification of the lymphadenopathies. For patients with superficial suspected LNs, this model can help clinicians make a decision on the LN type noninvasively and choose appropriate treatments.

Mechanism of Thermoelectric Performance Enhancement in CaMg2 Bi2 -Based Materials with Different Cation Site Doping.

Chemical bonds determine electron and phonon transport in solids. Tailoring chemical bonding in thermoelectric materials causes desirable or compromise thermoelectric transport properties. In this work, taking an example of CaMg2 Bi2 with covalent and ionic bonds, density functional theory calculations uncover that element Zn, respectively, replacing Ca and Mg sites cause the weakness of ionic and covalent bonding. Electrically, Zn doping at both Ca and Mg sites increases carrier concentration, while the former leads to higher carrier concentration than that of the latter because of its lower vacancy formation energy. Both doping types increase density-of-state effective mass but their mechanisms are different. The Zn doping Ca site induces resonance level in valence band and Zn doping Mg site promotes orbital alignment. Thermally, point defect and the change of phonon dispersion introduced by doping result in pronounced reduction of lattice thermal conductivity. Finally, combining with the further increase of carrier concentration caused by Na doping and the modulation of band structure and the decrease of lattice thermal conductivity caused by Ba doping, a high figure-of-merit ZT of 1.1 at 823 K in Zn doping Ca sample is realized, which is competitive in 1-2-2 Zintl phase thermoelectric systems.

Insight into bacterial and archaeal community structure of Suaeda altissima and Suaeda dendroides rhizosphere in response to different salinity level.

IMPORTANCE: Suaeda play an important ecological role in reclamation and improvement of agricultural saline soil due to strong salt tolerance. At present, research on Suaeda salt tolerance mainly focuses on the physiological and molecular regulation. However, the important role played by microbial communities in the high-salinity tolerance of Suaeda is poorly studied. Our findings have important implications for understanding the distribution patterns and the driving mechanisms of different Suaeda species and soil salinity levels. In addition, we explored the key microorganisms that played an important ecological role in Suaeda rhizosphere. We provide a basis for biological improvement and ecological restoration of salinity-affected areas.

Bifunctional thiourea-based organocatalyst promoted kinetic resolution polymerization of racemic lactide to isotactic polylactide.

Here, we prepared a series of thiourea-based organocatalysts 1-7 by combining two stereogenic elements: binaphthyl-amine and cyclohexyl diamine moieties. Catalyst (R,S)-1 facilitated a stereoselective polymerization of rac-LA to afford iso-enriched PDLA with Pm of 0.96 while its enantiomer (S,R)-1 produced PLLA with Pm of 0.96. These iso-enriched PLA contributed to forming a stereocomplexed PLA with a significantly increased Tm of 196 °C.

Diversification of plant SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1)-like genes and genome-wide identification and characterization of cotton SMXL gene family.

BACKGROUND: Strigolactones (SLs) are a recently discovered class of plant hormones. SUPPRESSOR OF MAX2 1 (SMAX1)-like proteins, key component of the SL signaling pathway, have been studied extensively for their roles in regulating plant growth and development, such as plant branching. However, systematic identification and functional characterization of SMXL genes in cotton (Gossypium sp.), an important fiber and oil crop, has rarely been conducted. RESULTS: We identified 210 SMXL genes from 21 plant genomes and examined their evolutionary relationships. The structural characteristics of the SMXL genes and their encoded proteins exhibited both consistency and diversity. All plant SMXL proteins possess a conserved Clp-N domain, P-loop NTPase, and EAR motif. We identified 63 SMXL genes in cotton and classified these into four evolutionary branches. Gene expression analysis revealed tissue-specific expression patterns of GhSMXL genes, with some upregulated in response to GR24 treatment. Protein co-expression network analysis showed that GhSMXL6, GhSMXL7-1, and GhSMXL7-2 mainly interact with proteins functioning in growth and development, while virus-induced gene silencing revealed that GhSMAX1-1 and GhSMAX1-2 suppress the growth and development of axillary buds. CONCLUSIONS: SMXL gene family members show evolutionary diversification through the green plant lineage. GhSMXL6/7-1/7-2 genes play critical roles in the SL signaling pathway, while GhSMXL1-1 and GhSMXL1-2 function redundantly in growth of axillary buds. Characterization of the cotton SMXL gene family provides new insights into their roles in responding to SL signals and in plant growth and development. Genes identified in this study could be used as the candidate genes for improvement of plant architecture and crop yield.

Suaeda salsa NRT1.1 Is Involved in the Regulation of Tolerance to Salt Stress in Transgenic Arabidopsis.

Like other abiotic stresses, salt stress has become a major factor that restricts the growth, distribution and yield of crops. Research has shown that increasing the nitrogen content in soil can improve the salt tolerance of plants and nitrate transporter (NRT) is the primary nitrogen transporter in plants. Suaeda salsa (L.) Pall is a strong halophyte that can grow normally at a salt concentration of 200 mM. The salt stress transcriptome database of S. salsa was found to contain four putative genes that were homologous to NRT, including SsNRT1.1A, SsNRT1.1B, SsNRT1.1C and SsNRT1.1D. The cDNA of SsNRT1.1s was predicted to contain open reading frames of 1791, 1782, 1755 and 1746 bp, respectively. Sequence alignment and structural analysis showed that the SsNRT1.1 amino acids were inducible by salt and have conserved MFS and PTR2 domains. Subcellular localization showed they are on the endoplasmic reticulum. Overexpression of SsNRT1.1 genes in transgenic Arabidopsis improves its salt tolerance and SsNRT1.1C was more effective than others. We constructed a salt-stressed yeast cDNA library and used yeast two-hybrid and BiFC technology to find out that SsHINT1 and SsNRT1.1C have a protein interaction relationship. Overexpression of SsHINT1 in transgenic Arabidopsis also improves salt tolerance and the expressions of Na+ and K+ were increased and reduced, respectively. But the K+/Liratio was up-regulated 11.1-fold compared with the wild type. Thus, these results provide evidence that SsNRT1.1C through protein interactions with SsHINT1 increases the K+/Na+ ratio to improve salt tolerance and this signaling may be controlled by the salt overly sensitive (SOS) pathway.

Moraxella nasibovis sp. nov., Isolated from a Cow with Respiratory Disease.

Strain ZY190618T, isolated from the nasal cavity of a cow with respiratory disease, was subjected to taxonomic characterization. Cells of the strain were Gram-stain-negative, aerobic and coccus-shaped. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16 S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the strain belonged to the genus Moraxella with the highest similarity of 98.1% to Moraxella nasovis CCUG 75922T. Phylogenomic analysis based on 810 single-copy genes revealed that the strain was a member of the genus Moraxella and formed a deep and separated clade within the genus. The strain showed the highest orthologous average nucleotide identity (OrthoANI) value of 77.1% with Moraxella ovis CCUG 354T and digital DNA-DNA hybridization (dDDH) value of 24.7% with Moraxella equi NCTC 11012T, respectively. The DNA G + C content was 46.5 mol%. The strain optimally grew at 37 °C (temperature range, 24-42 °C), at pH 8.0 (pH range, 6.0-9.0) and with 1.5% (w/v) NaCl (NaCl range, 0.5-3.0%). The strain contained C18:1 ω9c as the sole predominant fatty acid (> 5 %) and CoQ-8 as the major respiratory quinone. The major polar lipids included phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, cardiolipin, monolysocardiolipin and hemibismonoacylglycerophosphate. Based on these data, strain ZY190618T clearly represents a novel species in the genus Moraxella, for which the name Moraxella nasibovis sp. nov. (The type strain ZY190618T = CCUG 75921T = CCTCC AB 2021472T) is proposed.

Seroprevalence of Epizootic Hemorrhagic Disease Virus in Guangdong Cattle Farms during 2013-2017, China.

Epizootic hemorrhagic disease (EHD) is an infectious viral disease caused by epizootic hemorrhagic disease virus (EHDV) and EHDV frequently circulates in wild and domestic ruminants. Sporadic outbreaks of EHD have caused thousands of deaths and stillbirths on cattle farms. However, not much is known about the circulating status of EHDV in Guangdong, southern China. To estimate the seroprevalence of EHDV in Guangdong province, 2886 cattle serum samples were collected from 2013 to 2017 and tested for antibodies against EHDV using a competitive ELISA. The overall seroprevalence of EHDV reached 57.87% and was highest in autumn (75.34%). A subset of positive samples were serotyped by a serum neutralization test, showing that EHDV serotypes 1 and 5-8 were circulating in Guangdong. In addition, EHDV prevalence always peaked in autumn, while eastern Guangdong had the highest EHDV seropositivity over the five-year period, displaying apparent temporal-spatial distribution of EHDV prevalence. A binary logistic model analysis indicated a significant association between cattle with BTV infections and seroprevalence of EHDV (OR = 1.70, p < 0.001). The co-infection of different serotypes of EHDV and BTV raises a high risk of potential genomic reassortment and is likely to pose a significant threat to cattle, thus urging more surveillance to monitor their circulating dynamics in China.

Insights into substitution strategy towards thermodynamic and property regulation of chemically recyclable polymers.

The development of chemically recyclable polymers serves as an attractive approach to address the global plastic pollution crisis. Monomer design principle is the key to achieving chemical recycling to monomer. Herein, we provide a systematic investigation to evaluate a range of substitution effects and structure-property relationships in the ɛ-caprolactone (CL) system. Thermodynamic and recyclability studies reveal that the substituent size and position could regulate their ceiling temperatures (Tc). Impressively, M4 equipped with a tert-butyl group displays a Tc of 241 °C. A series of spirocyclic acetal-functionalized CLs prepared by a facile two-step reaction undergo efficient ring-opening polymerization and subsequent depolymerization. The resulting polymers demonstrate various thermal properties and a transformation of the mechanical performance from brittleness to ductility. Notably, the toughness and ductility of P(M13) is comparable to the commodity plastic isotactic polypropylene. This comprehensive study is aimed to provide a guideline to the future monomer design towards chemically recyclable polymers.

Predicting the prognosis of primary orbital lymphoma by clinical characteristics and imaging features.

AIM: To analyze the 5-year disease-free survival (DFS) of primary orbital lymphoma (POL) by clinical characteristics and imaging features. METHODS: A total of 72 patients, 43 males and 29 females, with histologically confirmed POL, were retrospectively recruited between January 2012 and May 2017. The information on clinical characteristics, imaging features, and 5-year DFS was obtained. Univariate and multivariate forward logistic regression analyses were used to identify the variables significantly associated with 5-year DFS. Kaplan-Meier was applied for survival analysis. RESULTS: Univariate analysis revealed that uni- or bilateral orbital involvement, single or multiple lesions, treatment methods, and contrast enhancement pattern on images were significant for 5-year DFS (P=0.022, 0.042, <0.001, and 0.028, respectively), while in multivariate logistic regression analysis, only uni- or bilateral orbital involvement, treatment methods and contrast enhancement pattern on images were significant (r=0.453, 0.897, and 0.556, P=0.038, <0.001 and 0.022, respectively). The survival curves for DFS were obtained. CONCLUSION: The majority of POL are B-cell lymphomas. Unilateral orbital involvement, homogeneous contrast enhancement on images, and the appropriate treatment schemes result to be significant factors for a good prognosis for POL.