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1.
J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol ; 15(1): 16-24, 2023 02 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35984227

ABSTRACT

Objective: Several endocrine manifestations have been described in patients with 22q11 deletion syndrome, including growth retardation, hypoparathyroidism, and thyroid disorders. This study aimed to characterize these abnormalities in a Colombian retrospective cohort of children with this condition. Methods: A retrospective study comprising a cohort of children with 22q11 deletion syndrome in Medellín, Colombia followed up between 2011 and 2017 was conducted. Results: Thirty-seven patients with a confirmed diagnosis of 22q11 deletion syndrome were included. 37.8% had some endocrinopathy, the most frequent being hypoparathyroidism (21.6%), followed by hypothyroidism (13.5%), hyperthyroidism (2.7%) and growth hormone deficiency (2.7%). There was wide heterogeneity in the clinical presentation, with late onset of severe hypocalcemia associated with seizure or precipitated in postoperative cardiac surgery, which highlights the importance of continuous follow-up as indicated by the guidelines. Short stature was mainly related to nutritional factors. Growth monitoring is required with the use of syndrome-specific charts and careful monitoring of the growth rate. Conclusion: As previously reported, a significant proportion of patients with endocrine abnormalities were found in this cohort. This highlights that it is essential to carry out an adequate multidisciplinary follow-up, based on the specific clinical guidelines, in order to avoid serious complications such as convulsions due to hypocalcemia. It is important to track size with curves specific to the syndrome and analyze the growth rate.


Subject(s)
22q11 Deletion Syndrome , Dwarfism, Pituitary , Endocrine System Diseases , Hypocalcemia , Hypoparathyroidism , Humans , Child , Retrospective Studies , Colombia , Hypocalcemia/etiology , Hypocalcemia/diagnosis , 22q11 Deletion Syndrome/genetics , 22q11 Deletion Syndrome/complications , 22q11 Deletion Syndrome/diagnosis , Chromosome Deletion
2.
Biomedica ; 42(2): 342-354, 2022 06 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35867926

ABSTRACT

Introduction: Hyperthyroidism is a heterogeneous condition characterized by the excessive production of thyroid hormones. It represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. Objective: To describe the clinical and paraclinical characteristics and the evolution and differences between the main etiologies in patients with hyperthyroidism treated by the Pediatric Endocrinology Service at the Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación in Medellín, Colombia, between July 1st., 2015, and June 30th., 2020. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional observational study with retrospective data collection. Results: We included 54 patients with a mean age of 11.9 years, 72.2% of whom were female; 85.2% had no history of comorbidities related to autoimmunity; 11.1% had a family history of Graves' disease, and 29.6% of other thyroid diseases. Goiter was the most frequent clinical manifestation (83.3%) and 92.6% of the patients received treatment with methimazole, 79.6% required beta-blockers, and 11.2% additional drug therapy. Adverse drug reactions occurred in 16.7% of the patients and in 20.4% there was a resolution of hyperthyroidism (spontaneous: 9.3%; after radio-iodine ablation: 9.3%, and after surgery: 1.9%). Conclusion: Hyperthyroidism is a disease with diverse clinical manifestations. Its most frequent cause is Graves' disease followed by hashitoxicosis, which in this study had a higher frequency than that reported in the literature. The duration and side effects of pharmacological treatment were similar to those previously reported, but the higher frequency of agranulocytosis is noteworthy.


Introducción. El hipertiroidismo es una condición heterogénea caracterizada por la producción excesiva de hormonas tiroideas. Su aparición en la edad pediátrica representa un reto diagnóstico y terapéutico. Objetivo. Describir las características clínicas y paraclínicas, así como la evolución y las diferencias entre las principales causas etiológicas de los pacientes con hipertiroidismo atendidos por el Servicio de Endocrinología Pediátrica del Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación en Medellín, Colombia, entre el 1° de julio de 2015 y el 30 de junio de 2020. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional transversal con recolección retrospectiva de la información. Resultados. Se incluyeron 54 pacientes con una edad media de 11,9 años, 72,2 % de ellos mujeres. El 11,1 % tenía antecedentes familiares de enfermedad de Graves y 29,6 % de otras enfermedades tiroideas. El bocio fue la manifestación clínica más frecuente (83,3 %). El 92,6 % había recibido terapia con metimazol, el 79,6 % requirió betabloqueador y el 11,2 % necesitó una terapia farmacológica adicional. Se presentaron reacciones adversas a la medicación en el 16,7 %. En el 20,4 % de los pacientes hubo resolución del hipertiroidismo (espontánea: 9,3 %; posterior a la ablación con yodo radiactivo: 9,3 %, y después de la cirugía: 1,9 %). Conclusión. El hipertiroidismo es una enfermedad con manifestaciones clínicas diversas. La causa más frecuente es la enfermedad de Graves, seguida por la hashitoxicosis. En este estudio, la hashitoxicosis fue más frecuente que en estudios previos. La duración y los efectos secundarios del tratamiento farmacológico fueron similares a los reportados previamente, pero es de resaltar la mayor frecuencia de agranulocitosis en nuestra población.


Subject(s)
Hospitals , Colombia , Retrospective Studies
3.
Biomedica ; 40(1): 166-184, 2020 03 01.
Article in English, Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32220172

ABSTRACT

Introduction: The approach to childhood obesity requires multidisciplinary programs including all the dimensions susceptible to management. Objective: To describe the clinical and metabolic changes in patients with obesity after a comprehensive care program for childhood obesity. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational and analytical study in a cohort of patients between 6 and 17 years old treated in the obesity program at the Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación (2012-2015). We carried out multidisciplinary care and educational intervention. Anthropometric and laboratory variables were evaluated both at admission to the program and in the last evaluation and statistical differences were sought according to the follow-up time. Results: We evaluated 53 patients, of whom 52.8% were men, with an average age of 11 ± 2 years. The follow-up extended for 18 ± 6 months though 30% of the patients were followed for 31 to 36 months. There was a decrease in the BMI (Z score) between admission (2.75 ± 0.58 and the last control (2.32 ± 0.63) with a p-value of 0.000 (95% CI: 0.27 -0.58); 79.25% of the patients reduced the BMI Z score. This decrease was significant regardless of the follow-up time. The proportion of patients with a BMI Z score >3 decreased from 33.4% to 14.6%. The number of positive criteria for metabolic syndrome decreased in the follow-up. Triglycerides and HbA1c were the metabolic variables that improved significantly. Conclusions: The management of childhood obesity with an interdisciplinary intervention associated with continuous group educational support can significantly impact on clinical and metabolic changes. It is necessary to continue monitoring over time to prevent relapse.


Introducción. La obesidad infantil requiere una atención con programas multidisciplinarios que integren todas sus dimensiones. Objetivo. Describir los cambios clínicos y metabólicos en pacientes con obesidad después de su participación en un programa de atención integral en obesidad infantil. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional y analítico retrospectivo de una cohorte de pacientes de 6 a 17 años de edad atendidos en el programa de obesidad del Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación (2012-2015), el cual incluyó la atención multidisciplinaria y una intervención educativa. Se evaluaron variables antropométricas y de laboratorio en el momento del ingreso al programa y en la última evaluación. Se exploraron las diferencias según el tiempo de seguimiento. Resultados. Se evaluaron 53 pacientes con una edad promedio de 11 ± 2 años, 52,8 % de los cuales eran hombres. El seguimiento de los pacientes fue de 18 ± 6 meses, aunque en el 30 % de ellos fue de 31 a 36 meses. Se encontró una disminución del índice de masa corporal (IMC; puntaje Z) entre el ingreso (2,75 ± 0,58) y el último control (2,32 ± 0,63) con un valor de p de 0,000 (IC95% 0,27-0,58). El 79,25 % de los pacientes redujo el puntaje Z del IMC. Esta disminución fue significativa independientemente del tiempo de seguimiento. La proporción de pacientes con un puntaje Z del IMC mayor de 3 pasó del 33,4 al 14,6 %. El número de criterios positivos para el síndrome metabólico disminuyó en el seguimiento. Los niveles de triglicéridos y de hemoglobina 'glicada' o 'glicosilada' (HbA1c) mejoraron significativamente. Conclusiones. El manejo de la obesidad infantil con una intervención multidisciplinaria asociada a apoyo educativo grupal continuo puede influir significativamente en los cambios clínicos y metabólicos. Es necesario prolongar el tiempo de seguimiento para prevenir las recaídas.


Subject(s)
Pediatric Obesity/therapy , Adolescent , Anthropometry , Body Mass Index , Child , Colombia , Combined Modality Therapy , Diet, Reducing , Exercise Therapy , Female , Health Priorities/legislation & jurisprudence , Hospitals, University , Humans , Male , Metabolic Syndrome/metabolism , Metabolic Syndrome/therapy , Patient Care Team , Patient Education as Topic , Pediatric Obesity/epidemiology , Pediatric Obesity/metabolism , Pediatric Obesity/prevention & control , Program Evaluation , Retrospective Studies
4.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 40(1): 166-184, ene.-mar. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1089113

ABSTRACT

Introducción. La obesidad infantil requiere una atención con programas multidisciplinarios que integren todas sus dimensiones. Objetivo. Describir los cambios clínicos y metabólicos en pacientes con obesidad después de su participación en un programa de atención integral en obesidad infantil. Materiales y métodos. Se hizo un estudio observacional y analítico retrospectivo de una cohorte de pacientes de 6 a 17 años de edad atendidos en el programa de obesidad del Hospital Universitario de San Vicente Fundación (2012-2015), el cual incluyó la atención multidisciplinaria y una intervención educativa. Se evaluaron variables antropométricas y de laboratorio en el momento del ingreso al programa y en la última evaluación. Se exploraron las diferencias según el tiempo de seguimiento. Resultados. Se evaluaron 53 pacientes con una edad promedio de 11 ± 2 años, 52,8 % de los cuales eran hombres. El seguimiento de los pacientes fue de 18 ± 6 meses, aunque en el 30 % de ellos fue de 31 a 36 meses. Se encontró una disminución del índice de masa corporal (IMC; puntaje Z) entre el ingreso (2,75 ± 0,58) y el último control (2,32 ± 0,63) con un valor de p de 0,000 (IC95% 0,27-0,58). El 79,25 % de los pacientes redujo el puntaje Z del IMC. Esta disminución fue significativa independientemente del tiempo de seguimiento. La proporción de pacientes con un puntaje Z del IMC mayor de 3 pasó del 33,4 al 14,6 %. El número de criterios positivos para el síndrome metabólico disminuyó en el seguimiento. Los niveles de triglicéridos y de hemoglobina A1c (HbA1c) mejoraron significativamente. Conclusiones. El manejo de la obesidad infantil con una intervención multidisciplinaria asociada a apoyo educativo grupal continuo puede influir significativamente en los cambios clínicos y metabólicos. Es necesario prolongar el tiempo de seguimiento para prevenir las recaídas.


Introduction: The approach to childhood obesity requires multidisciplinary programs including all the dimensions susceptible to management. Objective: To describe the clinical and metabolic changes in patients with obesity after a comprehensive care program for childhood obesity. Materials and methods: We conducted a retrospective observational and analytical study in a cohort of patients between 6 and 17 years old treated in the obesity program at the Hospital Universitario San Vicente Fundación (2012-2015). We carried out multidisciplinary care and educational intervention. Anthropometric and laboratory variables were evaluated both at admission to the program and in the last evaluation and statistical differences were sought according to the follow-up time. Results: We evaluated 53 patients, of whom 52.8% were men, with an average age of 11 ± 2 years. The follow-up extended for 18 ± 6 months though 30% of the patients were followed for 31 to 36 months. There was a decrease in the BMI (Z score) between admission (2.75 ± 0.58 and the last control (2.32 ± 0.63) with a p-value of 0.000 (95% CI: 0.27 -0.58); 79.25% of the patients reduced the BMI Z score. This decrease was significant regardless of the follow-up time. The proportion of patients with a BMI Z score >3 decreased from 33.4% to 14.6%. The number of positive criteria for metabolic syndrome decreased in the follow-up. Triglycerides and HbA1c were the metabolic variables that improved significantly. Conclusions: The management of childhood obesity with an interdisciplinary intervention associated with continuous group educational support can significantlyimpact on clinical and metabolic changes. It is necessary to continue monitoring over time to prevent relapse.


Subject(s)
Education , Obesity , Exercise , Body Mass Index , Child , Risk Factors , Adolescent , Metabolic Syndrome , Diet, Healthy
5.
Biomedica ; 24(2): 207-25, 2004 Jun.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15495602

ABSTRACT

Due to its high prevalence during pregnancies, preeclampsia is considered an important public health problem. Many investigators agree in that its expression is related to the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Many studies have searched for genetic factors, attempting to identify chromosomal regions or candidate genes whose variants may be related to high preeclampsia susceptibility. Several studies have associated a number of susceptibility genes to preeclampsia, but the results have not been replicated consistently in all populations. Mapping of genes and chromosomal regions by linkage analysis has located potential markers on chromosomes 2 and 4. Identification of the genes located in these candidate regions will pinpoint the genetic risk factors, will lead to a better understanding of the syndrome, and will provide clues for its prevention and treatment.


Subject(s)
Genetic Linkage , Pre-Eclampsia/genetics , Female , Humans , Pregnancy
6.
Biomédica (Bogotá) ; 24(2): 207-225, jun. 2004. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-635443

ABSTRACT

La preeclampsia es considerada un problema de salud pública debido a su alta prevalencia. Muchas investigaciones coinciden en que su origen se relaciona con la interacción entre factores genéticos y ambientales. Por esta razón, múltiples estudios han explorado tales factores genéticos tratando de identificar regiones cromosómicas y genes candidatos cuyas variantes se relacionen con una mayor susceptibilidad a la enfermedad. Diversos estudios de asociación han identificado algunos genes de susceptibilidad a la preeclampsia, pero los resultados no se han replicado consistentemente en todas las poblaciones, quizá por su complejidad clínica y genética. El levantamiento de mapas de genes y regiones cromosómicas basado en análisis de ligamiento ha mostrado resultados interesantes con algunos marcadores en los cromosomas 2 y 4. En este sentido, hay muchas expectativas con respecto a los genes localizados en tales regiones candidatas, debido a que la identificación de los factores de riesgo genético podría ayudar al entendimiento de esta condición y en proveer claves para su prevención y tratamiento.


Due to its high prevalence during pregnancies, preeclampsia is considered an important public health problem. Many investigators agree in that its expression is related to the interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Many studies have searched for genetic factors, attempting to identify chromosomal regions or candidate genes whose variants may be related to high preeclampsia susceptibility. Several studies have associated a number of susceptibility genes to preeclampsia, but the results have not been replicated consistently in all populations. Mapping of genes and chromosomal regions by linkage analysis has located potential markers on chromosomes 2 and 4. Identification of the genes located in these candidate regions will pinpoint the genetic risk factors, will lead to a better understanding of the syndrome, and will provide clues for its prevention and treatment.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Genetic Linkage , Pre-Eclampsia/genetics
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