ABSTRACT
La nefritis lúpica (NL) es una complicación común y grave del lupus. En la actualidad, la terapia está basada en inmunosupresores y glucocorticoides. Recientemente se ha planteado como posible tratamiento al rituximab, un anticuerpo monoclonal dirigido contra el antígeno CD20 de los linfocitos B. El objetivo de la presente revisión es recopilar la información disponible hasta el momento acerca del uso de rituximab en NL. Se encontraron 11 estudios, 3 observacionales (2 prospectivos y uno retrospectivo) y 8 ensayos clínicos (7 abiertos y solo uno aleatorizado controlado). La evidencia es insuficiente para establecer el papel del rituximab en la terapia de la NL. Resultados del único ensayo clínico aleatorizado y controlado, el cual falló en demostrar una mejoría clínica significativa, indican un posible beneficio en pacientes de raza negra. Futuros estudios deben confirmar dicha hipótesis. Se proponen ensayos clínicos controlados, con aleatorización adaptativa, para establecer el verdadero beneficio con rituximab en NL (AU)
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe complication in patients with lupus. Current therapy is based on immunosuppressive drugs and glucocorticoids. Recently, rituximab has been proposed as an alternative treatment for LN. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen receptor on B cells. The aim of this review is to summarize all the available information about rituximab in LN. Eleven studies were found; three of them were observational studies (2 prospective and 1 retrospective) and eight were clinical trials (7 open-label studies and only 1 randomized controlled trial [RCT]). The evidence is insufficient to establish the role of rituximab in the treatment of LN. Results from the only RCT, which were negative, suggest a clinical benefit in black people. Further studies must confirm this hypothesis. Controlled clinical trials involving adaptive randomization are required to establish the real benefit of rituximab in LN (AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Lupus Nephritis/complications , Lupus Nephritis/drug therapy , Lupus Nephritis/epidemiology , Rituximab/metabolism , Rituximab/pharmacology , Rituximab/therapeutic use , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/complications , Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic/drug therapy , Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use , Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care/methods , Evaluation of Results of Therapeutic Interventions/trends , Placebos/therapeutic useABSTRACT
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe complication in patients with lupus. Current therapy is based on immunosuppressive drugs and glucocorticoids. Recently, rituximab has been proposed as an alternative treatment for LN. Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody directed against the CD20 antigen receptor on B cells. The aim of this review is to summarize all the available information about rituximab in LN. Eleven studies were found; three of them were observational studies (2 prospective and 1 retrospective) and eight were clinical trials (7 open-label studies and only 1 randomized controlled trial [RCT]). The evidence is insufficient to establish the role of rituximab in the treatment of LN. Results from the only RCT, which were negative, suggest a clinical benefit in black people. Further studies must confirm this hypothesis. Controlled clinical trials involving adaptive randomization are required to establish the real benefit of rituximab in LN.
