Interleukin-10 -1082A > G (rs1800896) polymorphism is associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.

AIM: To investigate whether the -1082A > G polymorphism (rs1800896) in the interleukin-10 (IL10) gene is associated with diabetic retinopathy (DR) in Brazilians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: This case-control study included 847 outpatients with type 2 diabetes and 145 healthy blood donors. Four hundred and two patients had no DR, 253 had non-proliferative DR (NPDR), and 192 had proliferative DR (PDR). Genotyping was done by real-time PCR. RESULTS: Genotype and allele frequencies were similar in patients and blood donors. In relation to the presence and severity of DR, the AA genotype was overrepresented among patients with NPDR, whereas the GG genotype was more frequent among patients with PDR. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the AA genotype was independently associated with increased risk of NPDR, after controlling for duration of diabetes, body mass index, and insulin use (adjusted OR = 1.50; 95% CI = 1.04-2.17). The GG genotype, however, did not remain associated with increased risk of PDR (adjusted OR = 1.49; 95% CI = 0.78-2.86). CONCLUSIONS: This study identified, for the first time, an independent association of the -1082A > G polymorphism in the IL10 gene with NPDR in type 2 diabetes. This finding provides additional evidence supporting that genetic variants of IL10 are involved in the pathogenesis of DR.

Association of -1082A>G Polymorphism in the Interleukin-10 Gene with Estimated Glomerular Filtration Rate in Type 2 Diabetes.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The -1082A>G polymorphism (rs1800896) in the interleukin-10 (IL10) gene has been associated with type 2 diabetes and diabetic retinopathy, but its relationship with diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is uncertain. The aim of this case-control study was to investigate whether the -1082A>G polymorphism is associated with DKD in white Brazilians with type 2 diabetes mellitus. METHODS: Genotyping was done by real-time polymerase chain reaction for 597 type 2 diabetic outpatients. The definition of DKD was based on estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and albuminuria, and the patients were grouped in three categories: no DKD (n=249), mild to moderate DKD (n=222), and severe DKD (n=126). RESULTS: The frequency of the minor (G) allele in subjects without DKD did not differ from that observed in subjects with DKD (0.35 vs 0.39, respectively; P = 0.192). Genotype frequencies in subjects without DKD were not significantly different from those observed among patients with mild to moderate DKD or severe DKD. However, considering only the eGFR categories as an indicator of renal function, the AG genotype was independently associated with an increased risk of mildly to moderately decreased eGFR (G3a category) and GG genotype was independently associated with increased risk of kidney failure (G5 category) as compared with AA genotype. CONCLUSION: Our findings support the hypothesis that the -1082A>G polymorphism in the IL10 gene might be associated with DKD in white Brazilians with type 2 diabetes.

Cellophane and filter paper as cellulosic support for silver nanoparticles and its thermal decomposition catalysis.

Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted great attention due to its optical, electrical and thermal properties. Cellulosic supports for these nanoparticles are of particular interest because of its availability, flexibility and biocompatibility. In this work, AgNPs were synthesized using two cellulosic materials, cellophane (CP) and filter paper (FP), as matrix support. Cellulosic materials were immersed in an aqueous solution of silver nitrate containing polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) and then reduced with hydroxylamine. The obtained nanocomposites (CP-AgNPs and FP-AgNPs) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (DRX) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). AgNPs of near 15nm anchored onto cellulosic surfaces were detected. The thermal properties of these materials were investigated through thermogravimetry (TG). Their kinetic of thermal decomposition was studied by the Vyasovkin method of dynamic isoconvertion, which indicated a catalytic effect of AgNPs in the cellulose thermal decomposition reaction.