ABSTRACT
The use of appropriate instruments for social assessment in health aims at both the participation of the subject and effectiveness in resolving demands. The objective of this study was to characterize the population assessed by the Validated Social Assessment Instrument and its implications; a descriptive, documental study with participant and dialectical observation. The data survey were taken from the social assessments applied from July 2020 to June 2021 in a transplant center in northwestern São Paulo state in Brazil. Descriptive statistics were performed. The 65 social evaluations of candidates for liver transplantation (LTx) have presented the following sociodemographic characteristics: male sex (n = 47; 72.3%); mean age of 55.05 years (range: 24-75 years old); with a partner (n = 50; 76.9%); low education level (n = 30; 46.2%); and coming from the state of São Paulo (n = 54; 83.1). Of those evaluated, 48 candidates (74%) were professionally inactive and 37 (56.9%) received assistance or social security benefits; 62 (95.4%) had a family caregiver; 61 (93.9%) had a resolutive compliance family response; 57 (87.7%) had facilitated accessibility; 59 (90.8%) met satisfactory housing standards; and 60 (92.3%) had full acceptance for LTx. The 65 candidates' (100%) social opinions were favorable, and 21 (32.3%) had some limitations and required further assistance. All of them received basic and specific social orientations, and 25 (38.5%) required social referrals. The variables have allowed a view at the totality of the social being in addition to widening the subject's participation in order to identify the real demands and facilitate the monitoring of actions, thus contributing for favorable conditions for treatment.
Subject(s)
Liver Transplantation , Adult , Aged , Brazil/epidemiology , Caregivers , Educational Status , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Surveys and Questionnaires , Young AdultABSTRACT
Introdução: O fator social interfere na realização de um transplante hepático, podendo contraindicá-lo momentaneamente. Para a análise e intervenção na realidade social do sujeito/paciente, o assistente social utiliza um instrumental que, devido ao seu valor, necessita de implementações, dado o movimento social. Objetivo: Adaptar o instrumental de avaliação social utilizado na Unidade de Transplante de Fígado. Método: Estudo quanti-qualitativo, pesquisa de campo com amostra intencional (assistentes sociais de Unidade de Transplante, com experiência no uso de instrumental de avaliação), análise de dados na perspectiva dialética e observação participante. Resultados: Todos os assistentes sociais utilizavam e três apontaram sugestões de melhorias, sendo os itens meios de comunicação e renda familiar os de maior destaque para alterações. As sugestões específicas para determinada unidade e as que alterariam o score do sistema de avaliação não foram implementadas. A partir da observação participante, outras alterações e informações foram incluídas para melhorar e ampliar o instrumental de acordo com a necessidade observada no cotidiano profissional. Conclusão: As alterações realizadas na adaptação favorecem a abordagem das variáveis sociais no momento da avaliação e contribui para o registro das intervenções sociais. Além disso, avança na visão totalitária do sujeito e da realidade social.
Introduction: The social factor interferes with the performance of a liver transplant and may contraindicate it momentarily. For the analysis and intervention in the social reality of the subject / patient, the social worker uses a tool that, due to its importance, needs implementations, due to the social movement. Objective: To adapt the social assessment tool used in the Liver Transplant Unit. Methods: Qualitative and quantitative approach study, field research with intentional sample (Transplant Unit social workers experienced in using assessment tools), data analysis was performed from a dialectical perspective and participant observation. Results: All social workers used it, and three pointed to suggestions for improvement, with media and household income being the most prominent items for change. Specific suggestions for a particular unit and those that would change the rating system score were not implemented. From participant observation, other changes and information were included to improve and expand the tool according to the need observed in the professional routine. Conclusion: Changes in adaptation favor the approach of social variables at the time of assessment and contribute to the registration of social interventions. Moreover, it advances in the totalitarian view of the subject and social reality.
