Care actions for newborns and factors associated with longitudinality in the follow-up care in the neonatal period: Care actions for the newborn.

As newborns are highly vulnerable, they require essential care for adequate child development. This study aimed to assess the care provided to newborns during the first 28 days of life and identify factors associated with adequate care. This was a longitudinal study conducted with 415 mothers and full-term newborns from 4 public maternity hospitals in Natal, Brazil, in 2019. Assistance, socioeconomic, and demographic data were collected 3 times: 48 hours, 7 days, and 28 days after birth. Pearson's chi-square and Poisson regression tests were used with a confidence interval of 95%. Most mothers were between 20 and 29 years old (46.5%), had a high school or higher education (65.3%), a partner (79%), an income of ≤ 1 minimum wage (64, 6%), and were multiparous (62.9%). A total of 29 actions performed in maternity hospitals and 11 in primary healthcare were evaluated. Among the first, 8 (27.6%) were satisfactory; 11 (37.9%), partially satisfactory; and 10 (34.5%), unsatisfactory. In primary care, 2 actions (18.2%) were considered satisfactory; 3 (27.3%) partially satisfactory; and 6 (54.5%) unsatisfactory. In the multivariate analysis of the composite indicators related to adequacy of care, women undergoing vaginal delivery, those who are multiparous, and maternity hospitals at usual risk were associated with better adequacy of care indicators (P ≤ .05). Maternity hospitals accredited to the Baby-Friendly Hospital Initiative had lower chances of the adequacy of promotion to exclusive breastfeeding. The sample loss rate was 13.7% in the first week and 16.6% at the end of the study period. There was inadequacy in the performance of care actions for newborns regarding access and comprehensiveness of care. These weaknesses highlight the need for reassessing skills and coordinating actions in the child's healthcare network.

A study on occupational health and safety.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed to evaluate and describe the indicators of occupational health, with a focus on the medical expertise and periodic medical examination. METHODS: This is exploratory-descriptive, cross-sectional, documentary, quantitative, and retrospective research, in the historical series: 2011 to 2015. RESULTS: The number of lost days of work per worker and the frequency of licenses increased despite the decrease in the Absenteeism Duration Index and stabilization of the Frequency of Medical Workers. As for the adhesion of the workers to the Periodic Medical Examinations, it was decreasing, with a higher percentage in the year 2012 (35.3%). During the analyzed period, 5,186 workers performed the Periodic Medical Examination, and the majority (60.6%) presented non-ideal weight, 41.1% were sedentary, 33.2% had dyslipidemia, 29.0% were alcoholic, 3.2% were smokers, 5.9% had diabetics, and 16.4% reported high noise in the workplace, 27.8% inadequate lighting and 35.9% inadequate work furniture. CONCLUSIONS: The results highlight the need to maintain and strengthen the Worker Health and Safety Policy with emphasis on surveillance, aiming at the promotion and protection of the health of the workers, based on the elaboration of the epidemiological profile of health and, consequently, the implementation of positive impact strategies.

Prevalence of comorbidities in deceased patients with COVID-19: A systematic review.

BACKGROUND: In December 2019, a new disease, coronavirus disease (COVID-19), emerged, which put several countries on a state of alert. Because it is a novel virus, several aspects and factors that contribute to the evolution of pathogenesis are still unknown and need to be better understood. Therefore, a systematic review is necessary to investigate the association between COVID-19 infection and chronic nontransmissible disease in patients who have died of COVID-19. METHODS: This was a systematic review of the literature for observational studies published between December 2019 and September 2020. The protocol for this systematic review was registered in the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO) under the number CRD42020176249. RESULTS: In the 31 studies analyzed, a total of 421,872 (100%) patients were infected with COVID-19, and, of these, 45,399 (10.8%) died. The 3 most prevalent comorbidities were hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and respiratory diseases, respectively. The cure/recovery rate was 89.2% (376,473). CONCLUSION: This review revealed a high percentage of comorbidities in the patients with COVID-19, especially those who died.

Epidemiological behavior of the COVID-19 contamination curve in Brazil: Time-series analysis.

Brazil is experiencing the greatest episode of sanitary collapse ever known in the country's history. Therefore, the relevance of this study is highlighted for the scientific advance of the epidemiological behavior of the virus in Brazil, enabling the development of analyses and discussions on the factors that influenced the high rates of contamination by SARS-CoV-2 in the country. Given the above, this study aims to analyze the epidemiological behavior of the COVID-19 contamination curve by epidemiological weeks (EW), in the years 2020-2021, in Brazil. This is an ecological study of time series, prepared using information collected through secondary means. The country of origin of the study is Brazil, and its main theme is the number of people infected during the COVID-19 pandemic, this being the dependent variable of the study. The data has been analyzed from February 23, 2020, when the first case was confirmed in Brazil, to January 1, 2022. In 2021, the country's graph shows an exponential growth, reaching a peak of approximately 250 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants in the 12th EW. This data represents the highest rate of the pandemic in Brazil, and did not vary significantly for the next twelve weeks. Thus, it was identified that Brazil was severely impacted by the new coronavirus, considering the high rates of confirmed cases of the virus in the country, the low adherence of the population to preventive measures, the late start of mass vaccination in the Brazilian population, and the lack of structure in the health system, which was not appropriately prepared for the high demand generated by COVID-19.

Overview of the mortality from external causes of reproductive-age women in Brazil.

ABSTRACT: Studies have shown that a new demographic and epidemiological profile has been emerging in women of childbearing age, mainly due to the increase in life expectancy, reduction in infant mortality, higher survival in old age, and the drop in fertility rate.To evaluate the external (violence) causes of mortality among women in Brazil from 2007 to 2016.This is a quantitative, ecological study of temporal trends and correlations of the main causes of mortality of women of childbearing age and their association with age, from 2007 to 2016 in Brazil. The collected data were extracted from the Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde database called the Mortality Information System.It was possible to identify a considerable increase among the Brazilian states, with the highest coefficient of mortality from external causes, especially the northern regions. The highest coefficient identified among the evaluated states was 3.57 per 10,000, and in the northeast and southeast, external causes mainly affected young women aged 10 to 29 years.It is necessary for managers and health professionals to be more aware of the diseases that affect this population.

Maternal health indicators in Brazil: A time series study.

ABSTRACT: In addition to the maternal death indicator, Stork Network proposes the number of prenatal consultations, the gestational age of onset of prenatal care and the number of children breastfeeding.The study aims to analyze maternal health indicators representative of the actions proposed by Stork Network in Brazil, after its implementation. Therefore, this is an ecological study of maternal health indicators in Brazil from 2012 to 2017.Thus, it was found that the number of prenatal consultations per pregnant woman in Brazil from 2012 to 2017 increased >4 times between the first and the last year analyzed. The proportion of pregnant women who started prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy increased progressively each year in Brazil.The breastfeeding coefficient also increased progressively between 2014 and 2017 in Brazil. It was found that maternal health indicators improved between 2012 and 2017 in the Brazilian territory.

Prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic: A PRISMA-compliant systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Identifying the prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress among teachers during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: Systematic review of original studies published in any language. Protocol published in PROSPERO under number CRD42021240543. The search was carried out in the Web of Science, PsycINFO, Pubmed, Embase, LILACS, and SciELO databases, using the descriptors: anxiety, depression, stress, teacher, faculty, COVID-19, and their synonyms. Narrative synthesis was carried out in line with the synthesis without meta-analysis in systematic reviews. RESULTS: Of the 1372 records identified, 6 studies, all cross-sectional, were included in the review. The studies were carried out in China, Brazil, the United States of America, India, and Spain. Five studies included more women than men. The participants were aged from 24 to 60 years. Three studies included only school teachers, 2 included schools and universities teachers, and 1 only university teachers. Of the 5 studies, all dealt with remote activities and only 1 included teachers who returned to face-to-face classes 1 to 2 weeks ago. The prevalence of anxiety ranged from 10% to 49.4%, and depression from 15.9% to 28.9%, being considerably higher in studies with teachers who worked in schools. The prevalence of stress ranged from 12.6% to 50.6%. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of anxiety, depression, and stress was high among teachers during the pandemic, with great variation between studies. Anxiety and stress were more prevalent in the Spanish study. The results show the need for measures for the care of teachers' mental health, especially when returning to face-to-face classes.

Epidemiological profile of female firearm-related mortality.

ABSTRACT: The mortality rate of women due to firearms increases every day in Brazil and globally. This study aimed to evaluate the trends of firearm-related mortality in women from the years 2007 to 2016 in order to determine their profile and to associate these indicators with public policy and strategies to reduce mortality.This is an ecological time-series study using secondary data of women aged 10 to 49 years old collected through the mortality information system (SIM) in Brazil. Furthermore, independent characteristics such as education, color, race and civil status were also collected from SIM. Data was analyzed using the Join Point open source software version.There was an increase in the mortality rate of women who received 4 to the 7 years of education, were single, and brown-skinned. There was a significantly increased rate of mortality in women whose ages ranged from 20 to 29 years followed by 30 to 39 years; the rate was also significantly higher in the northeast region followed by the southeast region.There is a need for professional training to assist women in vulnerable situations.

Nurses' knowledge about Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy.

Berardinelli-Seip Congenital Lipodystrophy (BSCL) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by the almost complete absence of adipose tissue. Due to a strong founder effect that resulted in a higher prevalence of BSCL in Rio Grande do Norte (RN), a state in northeastern Brazil, it has been essential that health professionals develop knowledge about this disease. Nurses are often the first point of contact with patients during health care assistance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the knowledge of these professionals about BSCL in two main hospitals in RN state. A questionnaire was applied to 199 nurses working in the Hospital Regional Mariano Coelho-HRMC (Regional Hospital Mariano Coelho), in Currais Novos-RN, and in the Hospital Universitário Onofre Lopes-HUOL (University Hospital Onofre Lopes), in Natal-RN. This study showed that most nursing professionals do not know about the disease, although they have already received patients with BSCL in those hospitals. The nurses from HRMC and HUOL lacked knowledge of BSCL and the healthcare of these patients requires immediate improvement. Significant efforts are required to close the gap between current and needed practice patterns.

Evaluation of participant satisfaction with community therapy: a mental health strategy in primary care.

Actions aimed at health promotion and disease prevention must prioritize the entry point to the health system. In this sense, it is proposed that Community Therapy (CT) be inserted as a mental health care tool in Primary Care. The purpose of this study is to assess user satisfaction with CT in Primary Care. It is assessment, cross-sectional study with a representative sample of users of CT services in Primary Care in the municipality of João Pessoa, Paraiba, Brazil. Of the 198 interviewees, 165 (83.3%) of the sample reported that they were always respected, evidenced by aspects of respect and dignity; 109 (55.1%) individuals stated they were listened to, revealing internal consistency of 0.7187, and in turn, exhibiting the true validity of the user satisfaction construct with respect to CT. Thus, users displayed positive satisfaction, reflected by respect, dignity, receptiveness, resolution, listening and comprehension received at CT, where empathy is exhibited and mental suffering is relieved. Moreover, CT is an important mental health tool in primary care.

[Mental health in the basic attention: an epidemic study based on the risk focus]. / Saúde mental na atenção básica: um estudo epidemiológico baseado no enfoque de risco.

The transformations of stamp social, political and economical happened in the last decades they rebound significantly in all the sections of the society. And if it cannot leave of considering the influences of those transformations for the mental health of the population. It is a epidemic cohort study that aimed at accomplishing the risk for mental disease in the population assisted by the Unit of Health of the Family of the habitational group, neighborhood of Mangabeira, city of João Pessoa-PB, where Self Report Questionnaire-20 was used (SRQ-20). Association of the Risk was observed for Depression and Anxiety with the feminine sex (59,40%), among the age group from 40 to 65 years (66%), in the occupation of domestic services (65,5%). We are mischievous to recognize that the mental suffering has been growing relatively in the studied sample and starting from that verification it is done necessary an immediate attention to the problems of mental health in the community's people.

[The communitarian therapy as a new instrument of care for elderly mental health]. / A terapia comunitária como um novo instrumento de cuidado para saúde mental do idoso.

The Communitarian Therapy comes appearing as a new technology of care in the programs of insertion and support to the mental health of the population. This exploratory research aims to identify the number of groups of community care with older people in the city of João Pessoa - PB, to know the main themes presented by the elderly and the strategies used to confront the difficulties and disclose evidence related to improving quality of life of older people. The data had been collected in the fiches of register of the therapies, analyzed in a quantitative boarding. The results had demonstrated that the problem most frequent in the aged one is stress it, the used strategy of confrontation more are the spirituality. The Communitarian Therapy comes contributing for mental health of the aged one.