ABSTRACT
Campomanesia adamantium O. Berg. is a fruit tree species native to the Brazilian Cerrado biome whose fruits are consumed raw by the population. The present study determined the chemical composition of the C. adamantium fruit pulp (FPCA) and investigated its in vitro antioxidant potential and its biological effects in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. The chemical profile obtained by LC-DAD-MS identified 27 compounds, including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and organic carboxylic acids, in addition to antioxidant lipophilic pigments and ascorbic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was analysed by the radical scavenging method. In vivo, FPCA showed no acute reproductive or locomotor toxicity. It promoted protection against thermal and oxidative stress and increased the lifespan of C. elegans. It also upregulated the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and glutathione S-transferase and activated the transcription factor DAF-16. These results provide unprecedented in vitro and in vivo evidence for the potential functional use of FPCA in the prevention of oxidative stress and promotion of longevity.
Subject(s)
Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins , Myrtaceae , Animals , Antioxidants/pharmacology , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism , Longevity , Brazil , Fruit/metabolism , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Oxidative Stress , Myrtaceae/chemistry , Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolismABSTRACT
Fruits are sources of bioactive compounds that are responsible for several biological activities. Therefore, this study aimed to identify the chemical composition of the pulp of the Brazilian Savanna fruit Dipteryx alata; evaluate its toxic effects, influence on the life expectancy of the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, and its antioxidant activities in vitro and in vivo; and describe the mechanisms involved. The chemical compounds identified include phenols, terpenes, fatty acid derivatives, vitamins, and a carboxylic acid. The in vitro antioxidant activity was demonstrated by radical scavenging methods. In vivo, the D. alata fruit pulp was not toxic and promoted resistance to oxidative stress in nematodes exposed to a chemical oxidizing agent. Furthermore, it promoted an increased life expectancy in wild-type nematodes and increased the expression of superoxide dismutase and the nuclear translocation of DAF-16. These results suggest that the beneficial effects identified are related to these two genes, which are involved in the regulation of metabolic activities, the control of oxidative stress, and the lifespan of C. elegans. These beneficial effects, which may be related to its chemical constituents, demonstrate its potential use as a functional and/or nutraceutical food.
Subject(s)
Antioxidants/pharmacology , Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/metabolism , Caenorhabditis elegans/metabolism , Dipteryx/chemistry , Forkhead Transcription Factors/metabolism , Fruit/chemistry , Oxidative Stress/drug effects , Superoxide Dismutase/metabolism , Animals , Animals, Genetically Modified , Antioxidants/isolation & purification , Brazil , Caenorhabditis elegans/genetics , Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins/genetics , Chromatography, Liquid/methods , Forkhead Transcription Factors/genetics , Grassland , Life Expectancy , Longevity/drug effects , Mass Spectrometry/methods , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/isolation & purification , Plant Extracts/pharmacology , Superoxide Dismutase/geneticsABSTRACT
The use of natural antioxidants in cancer therapy has increased: first, due to the potential of natural antioxidants to kill tumour cells and second, because of their capacity to protect healthy cells from the damage caused by chemotherapy. This review article discusses the antioxidant properties of extracts obtained from medicinal plants from the Brazilian Cerrado and the cell death profile induced by each of these extracts in malignant cells. Next, we describe the capacity of other medicinal plants from the Cerrado to protect against chemotherapy-induced cell toxicity. Finally, we focus on recent insights into the cell death profile induced by extracts from Cerrado plants and perspectives for future therapeutic approaches.
