ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Vitiligo is a skin disorder characterized by achromic macules (white) on the skin and/or mucous membranes, which affects 0.5-2% of the population. Few publications address a vitiligo epidemiological profile worldwide. In Brazil there are only studies in children. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and epidemiological profile of individuals affected by vitiligo and to evaluate behavior of the disease in different age groups. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cross-sectional study in 669 patients with vitiligo from January 2001 to May 2006, who attended the Faculty of Medicine of ABC, located in the metropolitan region of São Paulo, Brazil. RESULTS: There was a predominance of females (62.2%) and adult age group (62.5%), with higher prevalence peaks between the second and third decades of life (18.3% and 16.9%, respectively). The most frequent phototype in skin was III (49.9%). Lesions began on the face most commonly in children and adolescents (32.6%) and the elderly (23.3%), and on hands in adults (24.0%). There was a higher prevalence of segmental vitiligo in children and adolescents (36.4%), compared with adults (11.3%) and the elderly (6.7%), and vitiligo with stable evolution was proportionately more frequent in childhood and adolescents (46.2%) than in adults (32.5%) and elderly (36.7%). CONCLUSIONS: Our findings are similar to other countries, mainly regarding the higher prevalence of segmental vitiligo and vitiligo with stable development among children and adolescents.
Subject(s)
Facial Dermatoses/epidemiology , Hand Dermatoses/epidemiology , Vitiligo/epidemiology , Adolescent , Adult , Age Factors , Age of Onset , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Brazil/epidemiology , Child , Child, Preschool , Cross-Sectional Studies , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Mental Disorders/epidemiology , Middle Aged , Phenotype , Retrospective Studies , Vitiligo/psychology , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology , Young AdultABSTRACT
Digital dermatoscopy, a noninvasive auxiliary method that can improve the diagnosis of nearly all pigment skin lesions, was used to study 6 cases of tinea nigra, a rare dematiaceous superficial fungal infection and a potential mimicker of melanocytic nevus. Patients were first evaluated by a manual dermatoscope using a 10-fold magnification. The same patients were then reevaluated using a digital dermatoscope with 20-, 50-, and 70-fold magnifications. Direct mycologic examination and culture supported the establishment of the etiologic diagnosis. All reported cases showed a single dermatoscopic pattern. Manual and digital dermatoscopic images revealed irregularly distributed dark brown-pigmented dot lesions with filamentous aspect. The authors could not observe any melanocytic lesions. Cutaneous pigmented lesions, including superficial spreading melanoma, are the differential diagnosis. The dermatoscopic images are useful to help distinguish tinea nigra from other melanocytic diseases.
