Percepciones de madres sobre vivencias de la maternidad y el cuidado del bebé / Perceptions of Mothers about Maternity Experiences and Baby Care

Introducción: La llegada de un hijo es un momento notable, sobre todo en la vida de las mujeres, quienes experimentan grandes cambios en su cuerpo y mente durante el período gestacional, que está rodeado de expectativas sobre el bebé. Objetivo: Comprender las experiencias y percepciones de las madres sobre vivencias de la maternidad y el cuidado del bebé en los primeros días de vida. Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, con abordaje cualitativo, realizado por medio de entrevistas, con 13 madres atendidas por los grupos de cuidado infantil de una Unidad Básica de Salud, en el sur de Brasil, entre los meses de julio y agosto de 2019. Las declaraciones fueron grabadas, transcritas y sometidas a un análisis de contenido, modalidad temática. Resultados: Se notó que los sentimientos de miedo e inseguridad estaban presentes en la vida diaria de las entrevistadas, interfiriendo en el cuidado del bebé. Las redes de apoyo social fueron identificadas como factores de suma importancia en el puerperio. La prematuridad, las dificultades para amamantar y la falta de ayuda son temas que generaban frustración en las madres, mientras que la atención prenatal y de cuidado infantil se consideraban como aspectos facilitadores del cuidado. Conclusión: Aunque las madres son orientadas en el cuidado prenatal sobre temas relacionados con el recién nacido, muchas aún tienen dificultades para cuidar a su hijo, pero, estas dificultades se ven agravadas por la falta de asistencia adecuada(AU)

Introduction: The arrival of a child is a remarkable moment, especially in the lives of women, who experience great changes in their body and mind during the gestational period, in turn surrounded by expectations about the baby. Objective: To understand the experiences and perceptions of mothers concerning motherhood and baby care in the first days of life. Methods: Descriptive study, with qualitative approach, carried out through interviews, with thirteen mothers attended by the infant care groups of a basic health unit in southern Brazil, between July and August 2019. The statements were recorded, transcribed and submitted to content analysis, under the thematic modality. Results: Feelings of fear and insecurity were noted to be present in the daily life of the interviewees, thus interfering in baby care. Social support networks were identified as very important factors in the puerperium. Prematurity, breastfeeding difficulties and lack of help are issues that generated frustration in mothers, while prenatal and infant care were considered as facilitating aspects of care. Conclusion: Although mothers are oriented during prenatal care on issues related to the newborn, many still have difficulties in caring for their child; such difficulties are aggravated by the lack of adequate assistance(AU)

Gestação, parto e puerpério: práticas e tabus de mulheresparticipantes de grupos no pré-natal / Pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum: practices and taboos of women participating in prenatal care groups

Caracterizar as práticas e tabus de mulheres participantes de grupos no pré-natal sobregestação, parto, puerpério e cuidados com a criança com vistas na Teoria de Leininger,em uma Unidade Básica de Saúde, Londrina-ParanáMetodologiaEstudo quantitativo descritivo. Participaram 47 mulheres. Para a recolha de dadosfoi utilizado um instrumento com base no protocolo municipal, que foi preenchidoindividualmente. As mulheres assinaram o consentimento informado. Foi usado o programaEpi-info para entrada e análise de dados. Foram utilizadas estatísticas descritivas.ResultadosAproximadamente 45,0% tinha idade ≤20 anos, 59,5% com escolaridade ≤8 anos, 63,8%sem remuneração e cerca de 60,0% primíparas. A maioria não havia planejado a gravidez(70,2%), mas 95,7% referiram o desejo para amamentar seu filho e 91,5% por influênciafamiliar positiva. Práticas e tabus relacionados à gestação, ao puerpério e à criança,a maioria, poderia causar implicações diretas à saúde da criança (59,3%) tais como:banhos caseiros com plantas para icterícia e brotoeja, oferta de chá com gordura paracólica intestinal e enfaixar o umbigo.ConclusõesEmbora o acesso às informações esteja disponível, ainda perpetua práticas e tabus entreas gerações, portanto se faz necessário compreender a mulher nos seus diversos contextossocioeconômico, demográfico e cultural para que antes da intervenção, identifiquese fatores de risco que impeçam ou prejudiquem a vivência de uma gestação saudávelreafirmando-se que o cuidado centrado na Teoria de Leininger pode minimizar possíveisriscos para a saúde materna e infantil entre as gerações...

Characterize the practices and taboos of pregnancy, childbirth, postpartum and child carein women participating in prenatal care groups, from Leininger theory perspective, in abasic health unit, Londrina, Paraná,MethodologyDescriptive quantitative study. 47 women participated. For data collection it was used aninstrument based on the municipal protocol which was filled individually. Women signedinformed consent. the Epi-info program was used for data entry and analysis. Descriptivestatistics were used.ResultsApproximately 45,0% were aged ≤20 years, 59,5% with schooling ≤8 years, 63,8% withoutcompensation and about 60,0% gilts. Most had not planned the pregnancy (70,2%), but95,7% reported the desire to breastfeed their child and 91,5% for positive family influence.Most practices and taboos related to pregnancy, postpartum and child, could cause directimplications for children’s health (59,3%) such as homemade baths with plans for jaundiceand rash, tea supply with fat for intestinal colic and bandaging the navel.ConclusionsWhile access to information is available, still perpetuate practices and taboos betweengenerations, so it is necessary to understand women in their various socio-economic,demographic and cultural contexts in order to identify the risk factors that inhibit or hinderthe experience of a healthy pregnancy. The cultural care based on Leininger theory canminimise the possible risks for the health of the mother and the child...

Treatment and Follow-up of Human Papillomavirus Infected Women in a Municipality in Southern Brazil.

BACKGROUND: This study aimed toanalyze the risk behavior for cervical cancer (CC) and the human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and resolution among women who received care through the private healthcare network of a municipality in southern Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This descriptive and retrospective study was conducted with 25 women aged 20 to 59 years who received care through the private healthcare network and were treated at a specialty clinic in the period from January to December 2012 in a municipality in Northwest Parana, Southern Brazil. Data from medical records with cytological and HPV results were used. Following treatment, these women were followed-up and reassessed after 6 months. Data were statistically analyzed using the t-test and chi-squared test at a 5% significance level. RESULTS: The mean age of the studied women was 27.8±7.75 years old, and the majority were married, with paid employment and were non-smokers. The mean age at menarche was 13.0±0.50 years old, and the mean age at first intercourse was 17.5±1.78 years, with only 8.0% (2) initiating sexual activity at an age ≤15 years old. The majority had 1 to 2 children (60.0%), while 88.0% reported having had one sexual partner in their lifetime, and all the women were sexually active. A total of 68.0% used a hormonal contraceptive method. All the women had leukorrhea and pain and were infected by a single HPV type. Regarding the lesion grade, 80.0% showed high risk and 20.0% low risk. The most prevalent high-risk HPV strain was 16. CONCLUSIONS: These findings provide relevant information on HPV risk factors and infection, as well as the treatment and 6-month follow-up results, in economically and socially advantaged women with no traditional risk factors, corroborating previous reports that different risk factors may be described in different populations. Thus, this study reinforces the fact that even women without the traditional risk factors should undergo HPVmonitoring and assessment to determine the persistence of infection, promoting early diagnosis of the lesions presented and appropriate treatment to thus prevent the occurrence of CC.

Variables that affect the satisfaction of Brazilian women with external breast prostheses after mastectomy.

BACKGROUND: : In 2012, the breast cancer estimate worldwide stood at 1.67 million new cases, these accounting for 25% of all types of cancer diagnosed in women. For 2014, 57,120 new cases are expected, with a risk estimated at 56.1 cases for every 100,000 women. The objective of this study was to analyze the satisfaction regarding the use of external breast prostheses by women undergoing mastectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was conducted with 76 women who used an external breast prosthesis (EBP), registered in the services of the Cuiaba Center for Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Mato Grosso, Brazil, from 2009 to 2012. Data were collected from the records of women who had requested the opening of a process of external breast prosthesis concession. RESULTS: Satisfaction with the EBP was identified in 56.6% of the women. Those satisfied with the EBP reported that its weight was not annoying (p<0.01). Although the women felt body sensations of stitches, pains, pulling, dormancy and phantom limb, they are satisfied with the EBP. The variable related to the displacement of the breast prosthesis during activity of everyday life has demonstrated that even though the women have reported the possibility of displacements, they are satisfied with the EBP. The satisfaction with the use of external breast prosthesis did not affect the sexuality of the women with mastectomy. CONCLUSIONS: Learning the specificities of the EBP, taking into consideration the satisfaction of its use, allows the rehabilitation team, by listening to their clientele more attentively, following up this woman throughout her life journey, supporting and guiding the best way of use, with an eye to her personal, emotional and social life, as well as to her self-esteem.