ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Occupational tasks require physical and cognitive efforts. Within this context, workplace exercise seems to be a promising intervention to improve physical capacity. However, little is known about the influence of workplace exercise on cognitive performance. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the influence of workplace exercise on cognitive performance in administrative office workers. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 16 workers who performed workplace exercise training and 14 workers who did not (control group). The assessments were conducted after 3 months of workplace exercise training (stretching exercises, two to three times/week, 10-15 minutes/day). Physical activity level was assessed with the short form of International Physical Activity Questionnaire, while cognitive performance was assessed using computerized versions of Stroop color-word test and Corsi block-tapping test. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the groups in any Stroop test phases or in Stroop interference (349.3 ± 103.52 vs. 416.0 ± 129.7 ms; 5.37 ± 2.11 vs. 10.12 ± 6.55 %error; p > 0.05). No difference was found in Corsi test sequence of blocks (5.50 ± 0.82 vs. 5.57 ± 0.76 blocks) or in the total score (45.19 ± 15.96 vs. 46.93 ± 15.93 points; p > 0.77). CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggest that 12 weeks of workplace exercise training does not improve the cognitive performance of office workers.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is an appropriate treatment for Parkinson's disease (PD). It offers promising results and is known to improve symptoms. Nevertheless, consistent parameters need to be established for research purposes. OBJECTIVE: To verify the effectiveness of acute tDCS on non-motor and motor symptoms in PD. METHODS: A double-blind, randomized and sham-controlled study, in which twenty individuals randomly underwent two (one real, one sham) stimulation sessions. The current was applied to the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) for 20 min at 2 mA. Participants were assessed before and after the stimulation using the Trail Making Test (TMT), Verbal Fluency test, Stroop test, Timed Up and Go test and video gait analysis. In the statistical analysis, a two-way variance analysis of repeated measures was applied to the variables time, group and time vs. group interaction, using Sidak's post-hoc test. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found for TMT part B in both groups. For the Verbal Fluency test differences were found only within the group that received real stimulation. Additionally, both groups revealed improved reaction time in the congruent, incongruent and total phases of the Stroop test, but a significant difference in the Stroop effect was found only within the group that received real stimulation. CONCLUSION: The results confirm that improvements on cognitive tests are possible after a single session of DLPFC stimulation.
