ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: The association between remote cerebellar hematoma (RCH) and spinal surgery is poorly understood and rarely reported. We present seven cases of RCH after spinal surgery. METHODS: Seven patients were diagnosed with RCH utilizing computed tomography and/or magnetic resonance, between 2012 and 2016. Their clinical presentations, imaging data, treatment modalities, and outcome were analyzed. There were five females and two males with an average age of 55.8 ± 8.4 years. The age of onset ranged from 43 to 67 years and the time to clinical presentation ranged from 3 h to 5 days. Patients presented with: diplopia/strabismus (one patient), dysphagia/urinary incontinence (one patient), respiratory arrest (one patient), meningismus (one patient), and dysarthria (two patients), along with other symptoms/signs. RESULTS: Three patients were successfully managed without surgery, two required external ventricular drainage, and two were treated with posterior fossa decompression plus ventriculostomy. Four patients recovered completely, two showed mild residual deficits at discharge, while one expired 7 days postoperatively. CONCLUSION: RCH is an uncommon and underdiagnosed complication of spine surgery. It should be suspected when intracranial symptoms occur after spinal procedures.
ABSTRACT
La hemorragia cerebelosa a distancia y, en su principal forma de presentación, los hematomas cerebelosos remotos constituyen una complicación poco frecuente de las cirugías que involucran el sistema nervioso central y la columna vertebral. Algunas publicaciones estiman su frecuencia entre el 0,2 y el 4,9%. Este porcentaje quizás esté subestimado, debido, por una parte, al gran abanico de manifestaciones clínicas que incluyen los casos asintomáticos y, por otra parte, al desconocimiento de esta inusual patología. Su fisiopatología no ha sido del todo definida; sin embargo, la teoría con más fuerza involucra el papel preponderante de la pérdida de líquido cefalorraquídeo durante el acto quirúrgico. La sintomatología puede incluir cefalea, síntomas cerebelosos y alteración del estado de conciencia. El tratamiento de los hematomas cerebelosos remotos debe ser acorde a la magnitud del sangrado y a las complicaciones asociadas. El pronóstico, en general, es bueno. Aproximadamente una tercera parte de los pacientes no tiene secuelas permanentes y la tasa de mortalidad es de alrededor 12%.(AU)
Remote cerebellar hemorrhage constitutes a rare complication of surgeries involving the central nervous system and the spine. Some publications estimate its frequency between 0.2% and 4.9%. This percentage may be underestimated, due, on the one hand, to the wide range of clinical manifestations that include asymptomatic cases and, on the other hand, to the unknown of this unusual pathology. Its pathophysiology has not been completely defined; however, the main theory involves the predominant role of cerebrospinal fluid loss during surgery. Symptoms may include headache, cerebellar symptoms and altered state of consciousness. Treatment of remote cerebellar hematomas should be commensurate with the magnitude of bleeding and the associated complications. Prognosis, in general, is good. Approximately one third of patients do not have permanent sequelae and mortality rate is around 12%.(AU)
Subject(s)
Humans , Cerebral Hemorrhage , Cerebrospinal Fluid , Neurologic ManifestationsABSTRACT
O mutismo cerebelar tem sido relatado freqüentemente em crianças após cirurgia de tumores defossa posterior e apresenta ótimo prognóstico. Os autores relatam um caso de mutismo cerebelarem um paciente adulto com hemorragia cerebelar que foi tratado com método conservador. Houverecuperação da ataxia cerebelar e da fala. São discutidos a sua fisiopatologia e prognóstico.