ABSTRACT
Abstract Fish is the main source of animal protein for human diet. The aim of this study was to find out prevalence of pathogenic bacteria of two selected economically important fish of Pakistan namely Mahseer (Tor putitora) and Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Live fish samples from hatcheries and dead fish samples from different markets of study area were randomly collected. The fish samples were analyzed for isolation, identification and prevalence of bacteria. The isolated bacteria from study fish were identified through biochemical test and about 10 species of pathogenic bacteria were identified including the pathogenic bacteria to human and fish namely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia spp. Citrobacter spp. Stenotrophomonas spp. Bacillus spp. and Salmonella spp. The bacterial percentage frequency of occurrence in Silver carp and Mahseer fish showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21.42%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 17.85%, Escherichia coli 11.90%, Staphylococcus aureus 9.52%, Citrobacter spp. 9.52%, Serratia spp. 8.33%, Streptococcus iniae 7.14%, Stenotrophomonas spp. 5.95%, Bacillus spp. 4.76% and Salmonella spp. 3.57%. The study revealed that Fish samples of Mahseer and Silver carp that were collected from markets have found more isolates (10 bacterial species) than did the fresh fish pond samples (03 bacterial species) of hatcheries. The occurrence of pathogenic bacteria in study fish showed risk factor for public health consumers.
Resumo O peixe é a principal fonte de proteína animal para a alimentação humana. O objetivo deste estudo foi descobrir a prevalência de bactérias patogênicas de dois peixes economicamente importantes selecionados do Paquistão, nomeadamente Mahseer (Tor putitora) e carpa prateada (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Amostras de peixes vivos de incubatórios e amostras de peixes mortos de diferentes mercados da área de estudo foram coletadas aleatoriamente. As amostras de peixes foram analisadas quanto ao isolamento, identificação e prevalência de bactérias. As bactérias isoladas dos peixes do estudo foram identificadas através de testes bioquímicos e cerca de 10 espécies de bactérias patogênicas foram identificadas incluindo as bactérias patogênicas para humanos e peixes, nomeadamente, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia spp. Citrobacter spp. Stenotrophomonas spp. Bacillus spp. e Salmonella spp. A porcentagem de freqüência de ocorrência bacteriana em carpa prateada e peixes Mahseer mostrou Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21,42%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 17,85%, Escherichia coli 11,90%, Staphylococcus aureus 9,52%, Citrobacter spp. 9,52%, Serratia spp. 8,33%, Streptococcus iniae 7,14%, Stenotrophomonas spp. 5,95%, Bacillus spp. 4,76% e Salmonella spp. 3,57%. O estudo revelou que as amostras de peixes de Mahseer e carpa prateada coletadas nos mercados encontraram mais isolados (10 espécies bacterianas) do que as amostras de peixes frescos (03 espécies bacterianas) de incubatórios. A ocorrência de bactérias patogênicas nos peixes do estudo apresentou fator de risco para consumidores de saúde pública.
ABSTRACT
Abstract Fish is the main source of animal protein for human diet. The aim of this study was to find out prevalence of pathogenic bacteria of two selected economically important fish of Pakistan namely Mahseer (Tor putitora) and Silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Live fish samples from hatcheries and dead fish samples from different markets of study area were randomly collected. The fish samples were analyzed for isolation, identification and prevalence of bacteria. The isolated bacteria from study fish were identified through biochemical test and about 10 species of pathogenic bacteria were identified including the pathogenic bacteria to human and fish namely, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia spp. Citrobacter spp. Stenotrophomonas spp. Bacillus spp. and Salmonella spp. The bacterial percentage frequency of occurrence in Silver carp and Mahseer fish showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21.42%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 17.85%, Escherichia coli 11.90%, Staphylococcus aureus 9.52%, Citrobacter spp. 9.52%, Serratia spp. 8.33%, Streptococcus iniae 7.14%, Stenotrophomonas spp. 5.95%, Bacillus spp. 4.76% and Salmonella spp. 3.57%. The study revealed that Fish samples of Mahseer and Silver carp that were collected from markets have found more isolates (10 bacterial species) than did the fresh fish pond samples (03 bacterial species) of hatcheries. The occurrence of pathogenic bacteria in study fish showed risk factor for public health consumers.
Resumo O peixe é a principal fonte de proteína animal para a alimentação humana. O objetivo deste estudo foi descobrir a prevalência de bactérias patogênicas de dois peixes economicamente importantes selecionados do Paquistão, nomeadamente Mahseer (Tor putitora) e carpa prateada (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix). Amostras de peixes vivos de incubatórios e amostras de peixes mortos de diferentes mercados da área de estudo foram coletadas aleatoriamente. As amostras de peixes foram analisadas quanto ao isolamento, identificação e prevalência de bactérias. As bactérias isoladas dos peixes do estudo foram identificadas através de testes bioquímicos e cerca de 10 espécies de bactérias patogênicas foram identificadas incluindo as bactérias patogênicas para humanos e peixes, nomeadamente, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, Streptococcus iniae, Serratia spp. Citrobacter spp. Stenotrophomonas spp. Bacillus spp. e Salmonella spp. A porcentagem de freqüência de ocorrência bacteriana em carpa prateada e peixes Mahseer mostrou Pseudomonas aeruginosa 21,42%, Staphylococcus epidermidis 17,85%, Escherichia coli 11,90%, Staphylococcus aureus 9,52%, Citrobacter spp. 9,52%, Serratia spp. 8,33%, Streptococcus iniae 7,14%, Stenotrophomonas spp. 5,95%, Bacillus spp. 4,76% e Salmonella spp. 3,57%. O estudo revelou que as amostras de peixes de Mahseer e carpa prateada coletadas nos mercados encontraram mais isolados (10 espécies bacterianas) do que as amostras de peixes frescos (03 espécies bacterianas) de incubatórios. A ocorrência de bactérias patogênicas nos peixes do estudo apresentou fator de risco para consumidores de saúde pública.
Subject(s)
Humans , Animals , Carps , Pakistan , Bacteria , Ponds , IncidenceABSTRACT
El objetivo del presente trabajo es determinar las especies bacterianas más prevalentes en muestras biliares de pacientes colecistectomizados en la clínica Cobija durante el segundo semestre de la gestión 2009, diferenciando entre aquellas que se presentan en el cuadro agudo y el cuadro crónico; además identificar el tipo de colecistitis más frecuente y si existe relación entre las mismas y la concentración bacteriana de aquellas muestras que resultaron positivas; también demostrar su relación con los factores de riesgo sexo y edad. El presente trabajo es una investigación de tipo descriptivo, analítico y transversal. La muestra fue 52 pacientes, que representa el 100% de aquellos sometidos a colecistectomía abierta en la clínica Cobija en los últimos seis meses del año 2009, de los cuales se recolectó la bilis durante el intraoperatorio y se procedió a su cultivo en Agar Sangre, caldo de tioglicolato; 24 horas después se verificó el crecimiento de colonias y se procede a su recuento y observación al microscopio, una vez identificados bacilos Gram negativos, se los cultivó en Agar Mc Conkey y posteriormente en kits bioquímicos de determinación de enterobacterias. Todo el procedimiento se realizó en el laboratorio de Bacteriología de la Facultad de Medicina Aurelio Meleán. Los resultados obtenidos indican que las bacterias más frecuentes en cuadros agudos son los bacilos Gram positivos y de los cuadros crónicos, los estreptococos. El sexo más susceptible es el femenino con la edad comprendida entre 30-34 y 50-54 años. Por último, se observó una relación directa entre concentraciones bacterianas mayores a 10000/ml con la colecistitis aguda. Concluimos que existe una relación entre el tipo de cuadro clínico de colecistitis y la concentración bacteriana. Además que el cuadro agudo puede desencadenarse con mayor frecuencia por bacilos Gram positivos y el crónico se relaciona con Streptococcus.
The aim of this study is to determine the most prevalent bacterial species in samples from patients cholecystectomized bile clinic Blanket fort he second half of 2009 management, differentiating between those that oceur in the acute and chronic table, also identify the type cholecystitis more frequently and whether a relationship exists between them and the bacterial concentration of those samples were positive, also showed their relationship to the risk factors age and sex. This study is a descriptive research, analytical and longitudinal. Sample 52 patients undergoing cholecystectomy at the clinic shelter in the last six months of 2009, of which the bile was collected during surgery and proceeded to its cultivation on blood agar, thioglycollate broth, 24 hours after the growth was checked colony and proceeds to count and microscopic observation, once identified Gram negative, the Me Conkey agar and then in kit's biochemical determination of Enterobacteriaceae.The entire procedure was performed in the laboratory of Bacteriology, Faculty of Medicine Melean Aurelio. The results obtained indicate that the most common bacteria in acute cases are Gram positive and chronic conditions, the streptococci. Sex is more susceptible to female aged between 30-34 and 50-54 years. Finally, we observed a direct relationship between bacterial concentrations greater than 10000/ml with acute cholecystitis. We conclude that there is a relationship between the type of clinical picture of cholecystitis and bacterial concentration. In addition to the acute condition may be triggered more often by Gram-positive bacilli and Streptococcus related to chronic.
