Evaluation of rational use of intravenous iron in patients with iron deficient anemia and abnormal uterine bleeding in gynaecology / 中国药师

Objective To investigate the application of intravenous iron in patients with abnormal uterine bleeding(AUD)and iron deficiency anemia(IDA)in gynecology,to establish the drug utilization evaluation(DUE)standard,and to comprehensively evaluate the rationality of the clinical application of intravenous iron by analytic hierarchy process(AHP),so as to provide reference for the rational use of intravenous iron in clinical practice.Methods The medical records of patients with AUD and IDA from January to December 2022 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui University of Science and Technology were collected,and the special rationality of the drug was evaluated from the aspects of indications,route and frequency of administration,daily dosage,solvent,combination medication,and contraindications of iron sucrose injection,and the DUE standard of the drug was formulated.AHP was used to analyze and evaluate 113 archived cases of intravenous iron in gynecology from January to December 2022.Results A total of 113 patients were treated with iron sucrose injection,and the indications,route of administration,solvent,contraindications,and allergic reactions were reasonable.The main unreasonableness was that the frequency of administration was inappropriate,the daily dose was inappropriate,the combination was not appropriate,the total iron supplement was not up to standard,and there was no continuous drug monitoring after medication.The case scores 90～100,70～<90 and 60～<70 were 6(5.31%),106(93.81%)and 1(0.88%),respectively.Conclusion Patients with AUD and IDA should pay attention to the dosage,total amount of iron supplementation,combined application of drugs and continuous medication monitoring after intravenous iron supplementation,so as to improve the rationality of their use.

Development of the index system of the quality evaluation standard for pharmacist training in cough and wheeze pharmaceutical care outpatient department / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE To establish the index system of quality evaluation standard for pharmacist training in cough and wheeze pharmaceutical care （CWPC） outpatient department， and to provide a basis for the selection of CWPC pharmacist training teachers and the improvement of training plans. METHODS Based on Kirkpatrick model， using the Delphi method， a total of 15 experts from 13 tertiary hospitals in 10 provinces in China were consulted to establish the standard index system of the quality evaluation for CWPC pharmacists training. Analytic hierarchy process （AHP） was adopted to determine the weights of each indicator and quantify the index system according to the weights of indicators at all levels. RESULTS The coefficient of expert authority was 0.810， the judgment coefficient was 0.727， and the familiarity coefficient was 0.893. The Kendall coordination coefficient of each index was 0.308-0.687. The P values of χ2 test were all less than 0.05， which indicated that the degree of coordination of the experts was high. After two rounds of correspondence， Kirkpatrick model-based index system of quality evaluation standard for CWPC pharmacist training was determined. The index system included 4 first-level indexes （participants’ reaction layer， learning gain layer， behavior improvement layer， training outcome layer）， 12 second-level indexes （such as training needs， teaching methods， theoretical knowledge， practical skills， job abilities， patient benefits， etc.） and 44 third-level indexes （such as clear training objectives， core system of CWPC， special device operation and evaluation， professional knowledge related to the treatment of cough and wheeze patients， promoting the construction of CWPC， improving patient compliance）. CONCLUSIONS The constructed index system of quality evaluation standard for CWPC pharmacist training has a certain level of authority and scientificity， and provides a scientific theoretical basis for quality evaluation of CWPC pharmacist training.

[Ideal Pharmaceutical Education Viewed from Quality Assurance on Third-party Accreditation].

The first-phase third-party accreditation conducted by the Japan Accreditation Board for Pharmaceutical Education between FY 2013 and 2019 revealed various issues regarding current pharmacy education programs. In addition, the report of the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare's Study Group on the Training and Quality Improvement of Pharmacists, which was published in 2021, identified a broad range of issues in pharmaceutical education related to pharmacist training and quality improvement. Many of these issues are concerned with university curricula; thus, in order to ensure and enhance the quality of pharmaceutical education and develop pharmaceutical human resources that society demands, it is extremely important for each university to improve its curricula. Since revision of the model core curriculum for pharmaceutical education is currently underway, in this symposium, we held a discussion to identify points that need to be improved regarding the current model core curriculum to ensure and enhance the quality of pharmaceutical education in light of the above-mentioned issues, and incorporate the corresponding measures into the basic policy for revision of the model core curriculum.

Intelligent Dynamic Quality Prediction of Chilled Chicken with Integrated IoT Flexible Sensing and Knowledge Rules Extraction.

With the enhancement of consumers' food safety awareness, consumers have become more stringent on meat quality. This study constructs an intelligent dynamic prediction model based on knowledge rules and integrates flexible humidity sensors into the non-destructive monitoring of the Internet of Things to provide real-time feedback and dynamic adjustments for the chilled chicken cold chain. The optimized sensing equipment can be attached to the inside of the packaging to deal with various abnormal situations during the cold chain, effectively improving the packaging effect. Through correlation analysis of collected data and knowledge rule extraction of critical factors in the cold chain, the established quality evaluation and prediction model achieved detailed chilled chicken quality level classification and intelligent quality prediction. The obtained results show that the accuracy of the prediction model is higher than 90.5%, and all the regression coefficients are close to 1.00. The relevant personnel (workers and cold chain managers) were invited to participate in the performance analysis and optimization suggestion to improve the applicability of the established prediction model. The optimized model can provide a more efficient theoretical reference for timely decision-making and further e-commerce management.

Research Progress of Cut-Resistant Textile Materials.

This article describes the physical properties, application fields and modification technologies of several commonly used cut-resistant textile raw materials and coating materials, and summarizes and compares and analyzes the current commonly used cut-resistant textile materials evaluation standards: EN420, EN388, ASTM F-1790, ISO13997. Finally, it is pointed out that lightness, softness and comfort are the future research and development directions of cut-resistant textiles. The article provides a preliminary reference for the application and modification of high-performance fibers and coating materials in cut-resistant textiles.

K-strategy species plays a pivotal role in the natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbon pollution in aquifers.

The natural attenuation of petroleum hydrocarbons is inseparable from the action of microorganisms, while the degradation methods and ecological strategies of microorganisms in petroleum-contaminated aquifers are still under debate. In the present study, 16 S rRNA sequencing and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to assess the potential microbial degradation of petroleum hydrocarbons, and the ecological strategy of microorganisms under petroleum stress was analyzed through a co-occurrence network. The results showed that the microbial community in sediments exhibit higher efficiency and stability and stronger ecological function than that in groundwater. Keystone species coordinated with the community to execute ecosystem processes and tended to choose a K-strategy to survive, with the aquifer sediment being the main site of petroleum hydrocarbon degradation. Under natural conditions, the presence of petroleum hydrocarbons at concentrations higher than 126 µg kg-1 and 5557 µg kg-1 was not conducive to the microbial degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes, respectively. These results can be used as a reference for an enhanced bioremediation of contaminated groundwater. Overall, these findings provide support to managers for developing environmental management strategies.

Nurse anesthetist training Center on IFNA standards in Mainland China.

AIM: The first training center for nurse anesthetists in Jiangsu Province, China was established. The aim of this study is to understand the status of and effectiveness of a training program based on International Federation of Nurse Anesthetists (IFNA) standards for nurse anesthetists in China. BACKGROUND: China recently issued a clear policy to improve the quality of anesthesia care and to ensure the safety and comfort of patients. As a result, the roles of nurse anesthetists have received more attention, highlighting the importance of the development and implementation of relevant training. INTRODUCTION: IFNA standards were applied to the development of a specialized training program for nurse anesthetists, which is expected to serve as a reference for various medical institutions and to lead to increased uniformity and improvement in the quality and efficiency of care. METHODS: These standards are divided into two indicators: curriculum and core competencies. Through questionnaires, course evaluations, and satisfaction surveys before and after the implementation of the training program, the effectiveness of the training program was analyzed. RESULTS: Theoretical assessment of the program was higher after its completion than before and the core competencies of nurse anesthetists significantly improved. Overall, the curriculum was highly satisfactory and important. DISCUSSION: Curriculum design was based on IFNA standards. Nurse anesthetists who are trained in a systematic way can work better with other professionals in providing anesthesia care. The objectives are to improve anesthesia care, reduce errors, improve physician satisfaction, and allow nurse anesthetists to realize their value. Overall, quality of anesthesia care improved after implementation of IFNA-standard training.

Design countermeasure and application practice of hospital project under health building evaluation standard / 中华医院管理杂志

The development of health building in the medical field is still in its infancy. The authors analyzed the development of health building evaluation standard system in the medical field of China, combined with the design experience of the first health building design identification hospital project in China, summarized the design measures of hospital health building according to the evaluation standard system, analyzed the correlation between different design majors and evaluation standards and the design emphasis. It also introduced the application value and practice of the main technology innovation in the process of hospital construction, so as to provide reference for the promotion of health building in the medical field.

Detection of Erionite and Other Zeolite Fibers in Soil by the Fluidized Bed Preparation Methodology.

Erionite is a zeolite mineral that can occur as fibrous particles in soil. Inhalation exposure to erionite fibers may result in increased risk of diseases, such as mesothelioma. Low level detection of mineral fibers in soils has traditionally been accomplished using polarized light microscopy (PLM) methods to analyze bulk samples providing detection limits of around 0.25% by weight. This detection level may not be sufficiently low enough for protection of human health and is subject to large variability between laboratories. The fluidized bed asbestos segregator (FBAS) soil preparation method uses air elutriation to separate mineral fibers, such as erionite, from soil particles with higher aerodynamic diameter and deposits those mineral fibers onto filters that can be quantitatively analyzed by microscopic techniques, such as transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In this study, performance evaluation (PE) standards of erionite in soil with nominal concentrations ranging from 0.1% to 0.0001% by weight were prepared using the FBAS soil preparation method and the resulting filters were analyzed by TEM. The analytical results of this study illustrate a linear relationship between the nominal concentration of erionite (as % by weight) in the PE standard and the concentration estimated by TEM analysis expressed as erionite structures per gram of test material (s/g). A method detection limit of 0.003% by weight was achieved, which is approximately 100 times lower than typical detection limits for soils by PLM. The FBAS soil preparation method was also used to evaluate authentic field soil samples to better estimate the concentrations of erionite in soils on a weight percent basis. This study demonstrates the FBAS preparation method, which has already been shown to reliably detect low levels of asbestos in soil, can also be used to quantify low levels of erionite in soil.

Construction of Core Competency Evaluation Standards for Clinical Pharmacists by Delphi Method / 中国药房

OBJECTIVE： To set up a standard for evaluating core competency of clinical pharmacists， and to provide reference for competency training and evaluation of clinical pharmacists. METHODS： By Delphi method， the first-level and second-level indicators were summarized and sorted out in three dimensions as research ability， professional ability and comprehensive ability that clinical pharmacists should possess. The second-level indicators were designed as questionnaire items， so as to consult their importance according to Likert 5 grade scoring method. During Jun.-Oct. 2017， 35 experts were selected for the first round of questionnaire consultation， and then the corresponding items were deleted， merged and added. Then the second round of questionnaire consultation was conducted. SPSS 20.0 software was used to input the data of the questionnaire and establish the database， and the experts’ enthusiasm degree， the  authority degree and opinion coordination degree were analyzed statistically. RESULTS： The positive coefficients of expert consultation in the first and second rounds of questionnaire consultation were 100％ and 92.9％； the authority degrees of experts were 0.878 6 and 0.901 9； the coordination coefficients of experts were 0.298 and 0.681， respectively. The evaluation standard for core competency of clinical pharmacists was established finally， involving 16 first-level indicators and 41 second-level indicators. The dimension of research ability contained 5 first-level indexes and 8 second-level indexes （3 “extremely important” indexes in latter ones）； the dimension of professional ability contained 5 first-level indexes and 21 second-level indexes （9 “extremely important” indexes in latter ones）； the dimension of comprehensive ability included 6 first-level indexes and 12 second-level indexes （4 “extremely important” indexes in latter ones）. CONCLUSIONS： The most important core competence of clinical pharmacists is professional competence， and the most important responsibility orientation and work assessment focus is to participate in clinical treatment of patients. Clinical pharmacists should pay attention to communication with medical staff and patients， and establish the concept of lifelong learning. The experts in this consultation and research are highly motivated and authoritative， and have good coordination of opinions. The core competence evaluation criteria can provide a basis for the training and evaluation of clinical pharmacists.

Trueness and precision of scanning abutment impressions and stone models according to dental CAD/CAM evaluation standards.

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to compare scanning trueness and precision between an abutment impression and a stone model according to dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) evaluation standards. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate trueness, the abutment impression and stone model were scanned to obtain the first 3-dimensional (3-D) stereolithography (STL) file. Next, the abutment impression or stone model was removed from the scanner and re-fixed on the table; scanning was then repeated so that 11 files were obtained for each scan type. To evaluate precision, the abutment impression or stone model was scanned to obtain the first 3-D STL file. Without moving it, scanning was performed 10 more times, so that 11 files were obtained for each scan type. By superimposing the first scanned STL file onto the other STL files one by one, 10 color-difference maps and reports were obtained; i.e., 10 experimental scans per type. The independent t-test was used to compare root mean square (RMS) data between the groups (α=.05). RESULTS: The RMS±SD values of scanning trueness of the abutment impression and stone model were 22.4±4.4 and 17.4±3.5 µm, respectively (P<.012). The RMS±SD values of scanning precision of the abutment impression and stone model were 16.4±2.9 and 14.6±1.6 µm, respectively (P=.108). CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in scanning trueness between the abutment impression and stone model, as evaluated according to dental CAD/CAM standards. However, all scans showed high trueness and precision.

[Discussion on Clinical Trial Design of Artificial Hip Prosthesis].

Recently, the registration of artificial hip prosthesis products increased year by year. In the new version of the provisions for medical device registration, the domestic or import of such products in the registration declaration may need to complete a clinical trial in the country. How to carry out scientific clinical trials of the product design is the common concern of enterprises and clinical trial institutions. To review the guideline and literature concerning registration for artificial hip prosthesis, the focus on clinical trial design of artificial hip prosthesis include clinical inclusion, evaluation standard, sample size. Through the discussion, we hope to provide advice and guidance for clinical trials of this kind of products.

[Evaluation standards and application for photography of schistosomiasis control theme].

OBJECTIVE: To set up and apply the evaluation standards for photography of schistosomiasis control theme, so as to offer the scientific advice for enriching the health information carrier of schistosomiasis control. METHODS: Through the literature review and expert consultation, the evaluation standard for photography of schistosomiasis control theme was formulated. The themes were divided into 4 projects, such as new construction, natural scenery, working scene, and control achievements. RESULTS: The evaluation criteria of the theme photography were divided into the theme (60%), photographic composition (15%), focus exposure (15%), and color saturation (10%) . A total of 495 pictures (sets) from 59 units with 77 authors were collected from schistosomiasis epidemic areas national wide. After the first-step screening and second-step evaluation, the prizes of 3 themes of control achievements and new construction, working scene, and natural scenery were selected, such as 6 pictures of first prize, 12 pictures of second prize, 18 pictures of third prize, and 20 pictures of honorable prize. CONCLUSIONS: The evaluation standards of theme photography should be taken into the consideration of the technical elements of photography and the work specification of schistosomiasis prevention and control. In order to improve the ability of records for propaganda purpose of schistosomiasis control and better play a role of guiding correct propaganda, the training and guidance of photography of professionals should be carried out.

Determination of a tissue-level failure evaluation standard for rat femoral cortical bone utilizing a hybrid computational-experimental method.

Macro-level failure in bone structure could be diagnosed by pain or physical examination. However, diagnosing tissue-level failure in a timely manner is challenging due to the difficulty in observing the interior mechanical environment of bone tissue. Because most fractures begin with tissue-level failure in bone tissue caused by continually applied loading, people attempt to monitor the tissue-level failure of bone and provide corresponding measures to prevent fracture. Many tissue-level mechanical parameters of bone could be predicted or measured; however, the value of the parameter may vary among different specimens belonging to a kind of bone structure even at the same age and anatomical site. These variations cause difficulty in representing tissue-level bone failure. Therefore, determining an appropriate tissue-level failure evaluation standard is necessary to represent tissue-level bone failure. In this study, the yield and failure processes of rat femoral cortical bones were primarily simulated through a hybrid computational-experimental method. Subsequently, the tissue-level strains and the ratio between tissue-level failure and yield strains in cortical bones were predicted. The results indicated that certain differences existed in tissue-level strains; however, slight variations in the ratio were observed among different cortical bones. Therefore, the ratio between tissue-level failure and yield strains for a kind of bone structure could be determined. This ratio may then be regarded as an appropriate tissue-level failure evaluation standard to represent the mechanical status of bone tissue.

Trueness and precision of scanning abutment impressions and stone models according to dental CAD/CAM evaluation standards

PURPOSE: The purpose of the present study was to compare scanning trueness and precision between an abutment impression and a stone model according to dental computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) evaluation standards. MATERIALS AND METHODS: To evaluate trueness, the abutment impression and stone model were scanned to obtain the first 3-dimensional (3-D) stereolithography (STL) file. Next, the abutment impression or stone model was removed from the scanner and re-fixed on the table; scanning was then repeated so that 11 files were obtained for each scan type. To evaluate precision, the abutment impression or stone model was scanned to obtain the first 3-D STL file. Without moving it, scanning was performed 10 more times, so that 11 files were obtained for each scan type. By superimposing the first scanned STL file onto the other STL files one by one, 10 color-difference maps and reports were obtained; i.e., 10 experimental scans per type. The independent t-test was used to compare root mean square (RMS) data between the groups (α=.05). RESULTS: The RMS±SD values of scanning trueness of the abutment impression and stone model were 22.4±4.4 and 17.4±3.5 µm, respectively (P < .012). The RMS±SD values of scanning precision of the abutment impression and stone model were 16.4±2.9 and 14.6±1.6 µm, respectively (P=.108). CONCLUSION: There was a significant difference in scanning trueness between the abutment impression and stone model, as evaluated according to dental CAD/CAM standards. However, all scans showed high trueness and precision.

Evaluation standards and application for photography of schistosomiasis control theme / 中国血吸虫病防治杂志

Objective To set up and apply the evaluation standards for photography of schistosomiasis control theme,so as to offer the scientific advice for enriching the health information carrier of schistosomiasis control.Methods Through the litera-ture review and expert consultation,the evaluation standard for photography of schistosomiasis control theme was formulated. The themes were divided into 4 projects,such as new construction,natural scenery,working scene,and control achievements. Results The evaluation criteria of the theme photography were divided into the theme(60%),photographic composition (15%),focus exposure(15%),and color saturation(10%).A total of 495 pictures(sets)from 59 units with 77 authors were collected from schistosomiasis epidemic areas national wide.After the first-step screening and second-step evaluation,the prizes of 3 themes of control achievements and new construction,working scene,and natural scenery were selected,such as 6 pictures of first prize,12 pictures of second prize,18 pictures of third prize,and 20 pictures of honorable prize.Conclusions The eval-uation standards of theme photography should be taken into the consideration of the technical elements of photography and the work specification of schistosomiasis prevention and control.In order to improve the ability of records for propaganda purpose of schistosomiasis control and better play a role of guiding correct propaganda,the training and guidance of photography of profes-sionals should be carried out.

Discussion on Clinical Trial Design of Artificial Hip Prosthesis / 中国医疗器械杂志

Recently, the registration of artificial hip prosthesis products increased year by year. In the new version of the provisions for medical device registration, the domestic or import of such products in the registration declaration may need to complete a clinical trial in the country. How to carry out scientific clinical trials of the product design is the common concern of enterprises and clinical trial institutions. To review the guideline and literature concerning registration for artificial hip prosthesis, the focus on clinical trial design of artificial hip prosthesis include clinical inclusion, evaluation standard, sample size. Through the discussion, we hope to provide advice and guidance for clinical trials of this kind of products.

Assessment of long-range transport potential of polychlorinated Naphthalenes based on three-dimensional QSAR models.

Experimentally determined octanol-air partition coefficients (K OA) for 43 polychlorinated naphthalene (PCN) congeners and experimentally determined subcooled liquid vapor pressures (P L) for 17 PCN congeners were used with comparative molecular field analysis (CoMFA) and comparative molecular similarity indices analysis (CoMSIA) to generate three-dimensional quantitative structure-activity relationship (3D-QSAR) models. The data were used to predict K OA values for the other 32 congeners and P L values for the other 58 congeners. The CoMFA and CoMSIA model contour maps showed that the electrostatic fields of the PCN molecules are the most important factors affecting the K OA and P L values. The long-range transport potentials of several PCN homologs were assessed using the following grading system: high mobility (MoCNs), relatively high mobility (DiCNs to TeCNs), relatively low mobility (PeCNs to HeCNs) and low mobility (HeCNs and OCN). The PCN-2 molecule was modified using the contour maps of the two models, and the results showed that introducing an electronegative R1 substituent increased the K OA value but introducing an electropositive R6 substituent decreased the P L value. PCN-2 was in the high mobility class, but introducing these substituents moved the long-range transport potentials of the modified molecules to the relatively high mobility class.

The evaluation standards and residual value of scrapped medical equipments / 中国医学装备

Objective:To improve the efficient use of assets, prevent and eliminate the waste and loss.Methods: We improved the standards of medical scrapped evaluation and made full use of the residual value of scrapped equipment for the issues that the program and technical appraisal of medical scrapped evaluation were not standardized, the residual value was not accurate and the disposal was too careless, etc.Results: The residual value was useful for the standard and reasonable approval process of scrapped medical equipment.Conclusion: The perfect disposal process of medical equipment ensures that the fixed assets of hospital are complete and security. Making full use of residual value of the scrapped equipment can increase efficiency of the use of hospital assets and eliminate the waste of assets.

Review on classification of curative effect evaluation standard to modified Huangqi-Guizhiwuwu Tang on diabetic peripheral neuropathy / 国际中医中药杂志

There are lack of specific treatment for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN)right now.However, TCM intervention highlights the distinct advantage for the disease.Modified Huangqi-Guizhiwuwu Tang is one of the important recipes for that.But there are no uniform standards curative effect evaluation for it, and some clinical trials do not have some new evaluation standards.We summary the clinical research literatures in recent years and analyze the existing problems, therefore, provide new recommendations as views for medical researchers in the design of clinical trials.