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1.
aSEPHallus ; 18(35): 106-120, nov. 2022-abr. 2023.
Article in Portuguese | Index Psychology - journals, LILACS | ID: biblio-1436663

ABSTRACT

O movimento woke tomou conta das universidades americanas e também das brasileiras. Com origem no pós-modernismo dos anos setenta, inspira-se na genealogia do saber de Michel Foucault e na recente evolução das ciências sociais rumo à redução do universal, do simbólico, da linguagem e da cultura a uma mera construção social. Tudo é relativo e pode ser definido contratualmente nas relações intersubjetivas ou os indivíduos podem autodefinir-se. Precisaremos de comitês de ética, como observou Miller (1996), para estabelecer a verdade, a norma, o protocolo e as convenções de acordo com os diferentes indivíduos e grupos sociais. Queremos avaliar se essa tendência pós-moderna coincide com uma radicalização da lógica feminina da sexuação, a lógica do não-todo. Qual o papel dos movimentos feministas no advento da tese de que "não há universal pois o Outro não existe!".


Le mouvement woke a également pris le contrôle des universités américaines et brésiliennes. Issu dupost-modernisme des années 70, il s'inspire de la généalogie des savoirs de Michel Foucault et de l'évolution récente des sciences sociales vers la réduction de l'universel, du symbolique, du langage et de la culture, à une simple construction sociale. Tout est relatif et peut être contractuellement défini dans des relations intersubjectives et les individus peuvent se définir eux-mêmes. Nous aurons besoin de comités d'éthique, comme le notait Miller (1996), pour établir la vérité, la norme, le protocole, les conventions selon les différents individus et groupes sociaux. Nous voulons évaluer si cette tendance postmoderne coïncide avec une radicalisation de la logique féminine de la sexuation, la logique du pas-tout. Quel est le rôle des mouvements féministes dans l'avènement de la thèse selon laquelle "il n'y a pas d'universel parce que l'Autre n'existe pas."


The woke movement took over American and Brazilian universities as well. Originating in the post-modernism of the seventies, it is inspired by the genealogy of knowledge by Michel Foucault and the recent evolution of the social sciences towards the reduction of the universal, the symbolic, language and culture, to a mere social construction. Everything is relative and can be contractually defined in intersubjective relationships or individuals can define themselves. We will need ethics committees, as Miller (1996) noted to establish the truth, the norm, the protocol, the conventions according to different individuals and social groups. We want to assess if this postmodern trend coincides with a radicalization of the feminine logic of sexuation, the logic of not-all. What is the role of feminist movements in the advent of the thesis that "there is no universal because the Other does not exist.".


Subject(s)
Humans , Psychoanalysis , Sexuality , Feminism , Gender Identity
2.
Front Sociol ; 7: 699616, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35615572

ABSTRACT

The long history of slavery in the USA and Brazil is still evident when looking at the violence which takes place in each country today. In addition, the growing militarization of public management is due to the foreign policy of the USA and the military dictatorship of Brazil which lasted more than 30 years. Facing situations of violence, mainly state-owned, the 1970s were marked by women's resistance and struggle against violence, authoritarianism and lack of citizenship, particularly in Latin America. These social movements represented the distancing of ideology as an engine of social mobilizations, as well as the conversion of collective identity policies into generators of responses. The ability to form a collective identity around the common identification of oppression allowed the development of these new mass movements. From the construction of a collective female identity, intimate and personal aspects gained a central dimension in the identification of oppression, consequently, in the project of personal and social transformation. The agendas of this second wave of the feminist movement encompassed both the struggle for civil rights and the rights of blacks, pacifist, student and decolonization movements. Considering the influence of these new feminist movements on two current social movements, namely "Black Lives Matter" (United States) and "Mães de Maio" (Brazil), I want to understand, in this article, how the guiding meanings of gender, race, sexuality, class and generation, present in the third and fourth waves of feminists, appear in practice, in these two social movements that have the same generative facts as triggers for their constitution.

3.
Glob Public Health ; 17(11): 3142-3159, 2022 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35184690

ABSTRACT

This paper presents the results of nearly three decades of partnership between feminist researchers and activists to prevent violence against women and girls (VAWG) in Nicaragua. A household survey conducted in 1995 in León, the country's second-largest city, revealed that 55 per cent of women had experienced lifetime physical intimate partner violence (IPV), and 27 per cent had experienced IPV in the last 12 months. The study results were instrumental in changing domestic violence laws in Nicaragua. A follow-up study in 2016 found a decrease of 63 per cent in lifetime physical IPV and 70 per cent in 12-month physical IPV. This paper examines possible explanations for the reduction, including the policy reforms resulting from feminist advocacy. We compare risk and protective factors for physical IPV, such as changes in women's attitudes towards violence, their use of services, and knowledge of laws, using data from both the 1995 and 2016 surveys, as well as three waves of Demographic and Health Surveys. We conclude that the decline in IPV can be partially attributed to the efforts of the Nicaraguan women's movements to reform laws, provide services for survivors, transform gender norms, and increase women's knowledge of their human rights.


Subject(s)
Domestic Violence , Intimate Partner Violence , Female , Humans , Follow-Up Studies , Nicaragua , Cross-Sectional Studies , Intimate Partner Violence/prevention & control , Risk Factors , Sexual Partners
4.
Rio de Janeiro; s.n; 2022. 131 f p. tab.
Thesis in Portuguese | LILACS, SES-RJ | ID: biblio-1397690

ABSTRACT

A violência contra a mulher está presente em todas as populações, inclusive as etnicamente diferenciadas. Por isso, enquanto cidadãs brasileiras, mulheres pertencentes a populações indígenas e quilombolas também carecem da proteção e defesa de seus direitos, inclusive o direito à saúde e segurança. O estado do Rio de Janeiro possui em seu território tais populações, estando algumas presentes em terras homologadas no caso de indígenas e tituladas, no caso de quilombolas. O trabalho busca identificar normativas que tratem sobre a violência contra a mulher em populações indígenas e quilombolas federais e no estado do Rio de Janeiro, bem como a ação por parte dos movimentos feministas. Estado e Sociedade Civil organizada elaboram formas de ação para abordar a violência contra a mulher indígena e quilombola, de maneiras distintas, o primeiro por atividades materializadas em normativas e a segunda por recomendações presentes em livros; em ambos os casos tornando essas formas de ação disponíveis para consulta em documentos. A pesquisa foi realizada por meio de busca eletrônica de normativas em repositórios de legislações federais, estaduais e municipais, de municípios com terras indígenas homologadas e terras quilombolas tituladas. Além disso, foi realizada a busca na literatura através de websites de busca de artigos científicos e de documentos provenientes da sociedade civil organizada por meio eletrônico. Dessa forma, foram analisados 4 municípios no estado do Rio de Janeiro e 5 websites de organizações não governamentais. As normativas encontradas sobre a violência contra a mulher indígena e quilombola incluem portarias, leis e resoluções, totalizando 12 federais, 6 estaduais e 27 municipais. Foi analisado o texto final de 6 conferências e encontros indígenas e 7 documentos de políticas oficiais a respeito da população quilombola. Nota-se uma escassez de documentos específicos sobre a violência contra a mulher indígena e quilombola, também perceptível na literatura, talvez pelo fato de que esse tipo de violência contra a mulher seja invisibilizado. Populações etnicamente diferenciadas pouco são especificadas nas normativas e materiais consultados. Entretanto, encontros e conferências revelam como as mulheres indígenas compreendem o fenômeno da violência nas suas aldeias, bem como uma carta do coletivo de mulheres quilombolas, que aponta para tal entendimento de maneira singular. Apenas um dos 4 municípios do estado do Rio de Janeiro com povos indígenas aldeados em terras homologadas e população quilombola em terras tituladas expressa com contundência uma forma de ação voltada para o enfrentamento da violência contra a mulher entre essas populações etnicamente diferenciadas.


Violence against women exists in all populations, including ethically different ones. Because of that, indigenous and quilombola women need protection and defense of their own rights, including health and safety. State of Rio de Janeiro has in its territory populations with these skills, some in approved lands, indigenous and titled lands, quilombolas. This paper tries to identify federal legal regulations about violence against indigenous and quilombola women and in the state of Rio de Janeiro just as the action of feminist movements. State and organized civil society elaborate different ways to approach violence against indigenous and quilombola women, the first one by actvities that are materialized into laws and the second ones by recomendations expressed in books, and in both cases making it available for consultation by documents. The research was carried out through na eletronic search of regulations in repositories of federal, state and municipal legislation, among these, only counties that have indigenous in approved lands and quilombolas in titled lands. In addition, a litterature search was carried out through websites to search for scientific articles and documents from organized civil society by electronic means. Thus, 4 municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro and 5 websites of non-governamental organizations were analyzed. Regulations found on violence against indigenous and quilombola women include ordinances, laws, resolutions, totalling 12 federal, 6 state and 27 municipal. The final text of 6 indigenous conferences and meetings and 7 official policy documents regarding the quilombola population were analyzed. There`s a scarcity of specific documents on violence against indigenous and quilombola women, also noticeable in the literature, perhaps due to the fact that this type of violence against women is made invisible. Ethnically differentiated populations are barely specified in the regulations and materials consulted. However, meetings and conferences reveal how indigenous women understand the phenomenon of violence in their villages, as well as a letter from a collective of quilombola women point to this understanding in a unique way. Only one of the 4 municipalities in the state of Rio de Janeiro with indigenous people living in approved lands and a quilombola population on titled lands strongly expresses a form of action aimed at combating violence against women among these ethnically differentiated populations.


Subject(s)
Violence Against Women , Indigenous Peoples , Quilombola Communities , Legislation as Topic , Brazil , Feminism , Qualitative Research , Political Activism
5.
Sex., salud soc. (Rio J.) ; (35): 35-57, maio-ago. 2020. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1139635

ABSTRACT

Resumen Este artículo presenta un estudio sobre el primer símbolo transnacional del movimiento por el derecho al aborto en el Cono Sur: la "mano que vota" a favor del aborto legal. El emblema surge en Uruguay a comienzos de la década del 2000. Alrededor de 2010, el símbolo viró al color verde y fue adoptado por la Campaña Nacional por el Derecho al Aborto Legal, Seguro y Gratuito en Argentina. A partir de 2015, la mano que vota también acompañó el proceso que llevó a la legalización del aborto en tres causales en Chile. El análisis focaliza sobre rol de los símbolos y de los afectos en el activismo por el derecho al aborto. La mano que vota fue central para la construcción de identidad colectiva y sintonía política del movimiento. También este emblema logró imantar esperanzas asociadas con la democracia y un profundo sentido de la obstinación política. Los resultados se basan en el trabajo con diversos archivos y en conversaciones con informantes clave de Argentina, Chile y Uruguay.


Resumo Este artigo apresenta um estudo sobre o primeiro símbolo transnacional do movimento pelo direito ao aborto no Cone Sul: a "mão que vota" a favor do aborto legal. O emblema surgiu no Uruguai no início dos anos 2000. Por volta de 2010, o símbolo ficou verde e foi adotado pela Campanha Nacional pelo Direito ao Aborto Legal, Seguro e Gratuito na Argentina. A partir de 2015, a mão que vota também acompanhou o processo que levou à legalização do aborto em três casos no Chile. A análise enfoca o papel dos símbolos e emoções no ativismo pelo direito ao aborto. A mão que vota foi fundamental para a construção da identidade coletiva e sintonia política do movimento. Este emblema também conseguiu magnetizar esperanças associadas à democracia e um profundo senso de obstinação política. Os resultados são baseados em investigação em vários arquivos e conversas com informantes-chave da Argentina, Chile e Uruguai.


Abstract This article presents a study on the first transnational symbol of the movement for abortion rights in Latin America's Southern Cone: the "voting hand" for legal abortion. The emblem emerged in Uruguay at the beginning of the 2000s. Around 2010, the symbol turned green and was adopted by the National Campaign for the Right to Legal, Safe and Free Abortion in Argentina. As of 2015, the voting hand also accompanied the process that led to the legalization of abortion on three cases in Chile. The analysis focuses on the role of symbols and affects in the activism for abortion rights. The voting hand was central for the construction of a collective identity and political sintony in the movement. This emblem also magnetized hopes associated with democracy and a deep sense of political willfulness. Results are based in documentary research in various archives and in conversations with key informants from Argentina, Chile and Uruguay.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Pregnancy , Social Identification , Women's Rights , Abortion, Legal/legislation & jurisprudence , Feminism , Reproductive Rights , Political Activism , Politics , Social Change , South America , Abortion, Induced/legislation & jurisprudence , Democracy , Human Rights
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