Acculturation and daily cigarette use among Mexican-origin youth: The moderating role of executive functions.

INTRODUCTION: Acculturation and enculturation have been conceptualized, respectively, as risk and protective factors for cigarette use. Although acculturation/enculturation orientations are often studied as stable characteristics, they represent a dynamic process influenced by individuals' social environments and can fluctuate across time. Therefore, investigating how youth actively navigate their acculturation and enculturation beliefs and behaviors on a day-to-day basis can advance scientific understanding of factors related to cigarette use. Executive functions, including inhibitory control, shifting, and working memory, are robust predictors of smoking (e.g., cigarette use). However, we know little about the protective role of executive functions on the daily level associations between acculturation/enculturation and cigarette use among Mexican-origin youth. OBJECTIVES: In a low-income Mexican-origin youth sample (M = 16.94, SD = 1.01; 52 % female), this study examined within-person associations between daily acculturation/enculturation and daily cigarette use and the moderating role of individual-level executive functions. METHOD: We captured the daily fluctuations of acculturation/enculturation and smoking by utilizing data from a 4-day daily diary. The study assessed inhibitory control, shifting, and working memory using behavioral paradigms. RESULTS: A multilevel logistic moderation model revealed statistically significant interactions between acculturation (but not enculturation) and all executive function skills predicting cigarette use. Higher daily acculturation levels were related to greater odds of daily cigarette use only for youth with lower levels of executive function skills. CONCLUSION: Findings suggest that interventions aimed at improving executive functions may protect Mexican-origin youth from the possible adverse effect of acculturation on cigarette use.

Risk Factors Associated with COVID-19 Lethality: A Machine Learning Approach Using Mexico Database.

Identifying risk factors associated with COVID-19 lethality is crucial in combating the ongoing pandemic. In this study, we developed lethality predictive models for each epidemiological wave and for the overall dataset using the Extreme Gradient Boosting technique and analyzed them using Shapley values to determine the contribution levels of various features, including demographics, comorbidities, medical units, and recent medical information from confirmed COVID-19 cases in Mexico between February 23, 2020, and April 15, 2022. The results showed that pneumonia and advanced age were the most important factors predicting patient death in all cohorts. Additionally, the medical unit where the patient received care acted as a risk or protective factor. IMSS medical units were identified as high-risk factors in all cohorts, except in wave four, while SSA medical units generally were moderate protective factors. We also found that intubation was a high-risk factor in the first epidemiological wave and a moderate-risk factor in the following waves. Female gender was a protective factor of moderate-high importance in all cohorts, while being between 18 and 29 years old was a moderate protective factor and being between 50 and 59 years old was a moderate risk factor. Additionally, diabetes (all cohorts), obesity (third wave), and hypertension (fourth wave) were identified as moderate risk factors. Finally, residing in municipalities with the lowest Human Development Index level represented a moderate risk factor. In conclusion, this study identified several significant risk factors associated with COVID-19 lethality in Mexico, which could aid policymakers in developing targeted interventions to reduce mortality rates.

Exploring the Potential of Extracts from Sloanea medusula and S. calva: Formulating Two Skincare Gels with Antioxidant, Sun Protective Factor, and Anti-Candida albicans Activities.

Sloanea is a plant genus, native to tropical regions, used in medicinal practices for its anti-inflammatory properties. This study aimed to determine the antioxidant activity, sun protective factor (SPF), and antifungal of extracts obtained from two species of Sloanea and to develop extract-based gels with antioxidants, photoprotective, and anti-Candida albicans effects. Ethanolic extracts from S. medusula and S. calva collected in Chocó, Colombia, were used for antioxidant activity and SPF determination using the DPPH assay and the Mansur equation, respectively. Extracts were characterized using HPLC-MS and used to prepare the gels. The viscosity of the extract-based gels was evaluated using an MCR92 rheometer. In addition, the anti-Candida activity of extracts against five yeasts and anti-C. albicans of gels were evaluated following the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27, 4th Edition. High DPPH radical scavenging activity (42.4% and 44.7%) and a high SPF value (32.5 and 35.4) were obtained for the extracts of S. medusula and S. calva, respectively. Similarly, extract-based gels showed significant DPPH radical scavenging activity of 54.5% and 53.0% and maximum SPF values of 60 and 57. Extract from S. medusula showed an important antifungal activity against C. albicans (minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 2 µg/mL). In contrast, S. calva extract was active against C. krusei, C. albicans (MIC of 2 µg/mL) and C. tropicalis (MIC of 4 µg/mL). Sloanea medusula gel (0.15%) exhibited an important C. albicans growth inhibition (98%), while with S. calva gel (0.3%) growth inhibition was slightly lower (76%). Polyphenolic and triterpenoid compounds were tentatively identified for S. medusula and S. calva, respectively. Both extracts can be considered promising sources for developing photoprotective gels to treat skin infections caused by C. albicans.

The impact of bariatric and metabolic surgery on the morbidity and mortality of patients infected during the COVID-19 pandemic: a retrospective cohort study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Since the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in March 2020, several studies have shown a strong relationship between obesity and severe cases of COVID-19. It is imperative to assess whether bariatric surgery exerts a protective effect in such cases. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the impact of bariatric surgery on the morbidity and mortality in obese patients during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comprehensive search was performed using the PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. DESIGN AND SETTING: Retrospective cohort studies conducted in the Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Cidade de São Paulo, São Paulo (SP), Brazil. METHODS: The search comprised the following descriptors: "bariatric, surgery, COVID-19". Current retrospective cohort studies that examined the influence of bariatric surgery on the morbidity and mortality of obese patients during the COVID-19 pandemic were considered eligible. RESULTS: After removing duplicates, 184 studies were obtained from the databases. Of these, 181 were excluded from the analysis as they did not meet the eligibility criteria. Patients undergoing postoperative follow-up of bariatric surgery had a similar probability of SARS-CoV-2 infection compared to the general population, and persistent comorbidities were associated with an increased risk and severity of infection. CONCLUSION: Bariatric surgery has a protective effect against severe COVID-19 in the obese population, bringing the prevalence of severe disease cases to levels equivalent to those of the nonobese general population, with a positive impact on morbidity and mortality.

Profile of coronavirus disease enlightened asthma as a protective factor against death: An epidemiology study from Brazil during the pandemic.

Introduction: The possibility that asthma is not a risk factor for the worst outcomes due to coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is encouraged. The increase in Th2 response dominance can downregulate the late phase of hyperinflammation, which is typically the hallmark of more severe respiratory viral infections, alongside lower angiotensin-converting enzyme receptors in patients with asthma due to chronic inflammation. Few studies associated asthma diagnosis and COVID-19 outcomes. In this context, we aimed to associate the asthma phenotype with the clinical signs, disease progression, and outcomes in patients with COVID-19. Methods: We performed an epidemiologic study using patients' characteristics from OpenDataSUS to verify the severity of COVID-19 among Brazilian hospitalized patients with and without the asthma phenotype according to the need for intensive care units, intubation, and deaths. We also evaluated the demographic data (sex, age, place of residence, educational level, and race), the profile of clinical signs, and the comorbidities. Results: Asthma was present in 43,245/1,129,838 (3.8%) patients. Among the patients with asthma, 74.7% who required invasive ventilatory support evolved to death. In contrast, 78.0% of non-asthmatic patients who required invasive ventilatory support died (OR = 0.83; 95% CI = 0.79-0.88). Also, 20.0% of the patients with asthma that required non-invasive ventilatory support evolved to death, while 23.5% of non-asthmatic patients evolved to death (OR = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.79-0.84). Finally, only 11.2% of the patients with asthma who did not require any ventilatory support evolved to death, while 15.8% of non-asthmatic patients evolved to death (OR = 0.67; 95% CI = 0.62-0.72). In our multivariate analysis, one comorbidity and one clinical characteristic stood out as protective factors against death during the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Patients with asthma were less prone to die than other patients (OR = 0.79; 95% CI = 0.73-0.85), just like puerperal patients (OR = 0.74; 95% CI = 0.56-0.97) compared to other patients. Conclusion: Asthma was a protective factor for death in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 in Brazil. Despite the study's limitations on patients' asthma phenotype information and corticosteroid usage, this study brings to light information regarding a prevalent condition that was considered a risk factor for death in COVID-19, being ultimately protective.

Fármaco-seguridad al uso de antihipertensivos por adultos mayores de un programa para la salud psicofísica / Drug-safety to the use of antihypertensive drugs by older adults in a program for psychophysical health / Fármaco-segurança uso de anti-hipertensivos por adultos maiores de um programa para a saúde psicofísica

Resumen Introducción: la promoción de la salud psicofísica y la seguridad del uso responsable de los antihipertensivos es una necesidad para mejorar la calidad y esperanza de vida del paciente. Objetivo: indagar la relación de factores de riesgo que influyen en la farmacoseguridad del uso de antihipertensivos en un grupo de adultos mayores con enfermedad cardiovascular. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo exploratorio transversal descriptivo. Se aplicó el instrumento Sistema de Dispensación para usuarios Crónicos en validación a 45 adultos mayores entre 50 y 88 años con diagnóstico clínico de enfermedad cardiovascular durante 2015. Resultados: el ANOVA multifactorial con el paquete estadístico IBM SPSS 2016, evidenció relación estadística alta F (1) = 27,43; p< 0,001 entre los factores de riesgo, la no adherencia e ineficacia del uso antihipertensivo. El análisis comparativo de la diferencia de media entre la no adherencia al tratamiento y la media de la farmacoterapia eficaz e ineficaz, reveló una diferencia muy alta t (1) = 421.59, p< 0,001. Conclusiones: Este estudio muestra la necesidad de fomentar la práctica cotidiana de la promoción de la salud al adulto mayor, a fin de lograr una presión arterial estable y la prevención de algún evento y/o problema relacionado al uso del antihipertensivo que pueda incidir en el efecto terapéutico y en el bienestar del paciente.

Abstract Introduction: The promotion of psychophysical health and the safety of the responsible use of antihypertensive drugs, is a necessity to improve the quality and life expectancy of the patient. Objective: To explore the relationship of risk factors that influence the pharma security for the use of antihypertensive drugs by a group of older adults with cardiovascular disease. Methodology: Descriptive cross-sectional exploratory quantitative study. The Dispensing System for Chronic Users instrument was applied during 2015 in validation to 45 older adults with a clinical diagnosis of cardiovascular disease aged between 50 and 88 years old. Results: The multifactorial ANOVA with the statistical package IBM SPSS 2016, showed a high statistical relationship F (1) = 27.43; p< 0.001 between risk factors, non-adherence and ineffectiveness of antihypertensive use. The comparative analysis of the mean difference between non-adherence to treatment and the mean of effective and ineffective pharmacotherapy, revealed a very high difference t (1) = 421.59, p< 0.001. Conclusions: This study shows the need to encourage the daily practice of health promotion in the elderly, in order to achieve a stable blood pressure and the prevention of any event and/or problem related to the use of anti-hypertensive drugs that may affect the therapeutic effect and on the well-being of the patient.

Resumo Introdução: a promoção da saúde psicofísica e a segurança do uso responsável dos anti-hipertensivos é uma necessidade para melhorar a qualidade e esperança de vida do paciente. Objetivo: achar a relação de fatores de risco que influem na confiança nos fármacos dos pacientes que usam anti-hipertensivos em um grupo de adultos maiores com doença cardiovascular. Metodologia: estudo quantitativo exploratório transversal descritivo. Aplicou-se o instrumento Sistema de Dispensação para usuários Crónicos em validação a 45 adultos maiores entre 50 e 88 anos com diagnóstico clínico de doença cardiovascular durante 2015. Resultados: o ANOVA multifatorial com o pacote estatístico IBM SPSS 2016, evidenciou relação estatística alta F (1) = 27,43; p< 0,001 entre os fatores de risco, a não aderência e ineficácia o uso anti-hipertensivo. A análise comparativa da diferença de média entre a não aderência ao tratamento e a média da farmacoterapia eficaz e ineficaz, revelou uma diferença muito alta t (1) = 421.59, p< 0,001. Conclusões: Este estudo amostra a necessidade de fomentar a prática cotidiana da promoção da saúde ao adulto maior, a fim de obter uma pressão arterial estável e a prevenção de algum evento e/ou problema relacionado ao uso do anti-hipertensivo que possa incidir no efeito terapêutico e no bem-estar do paciente.

Photoprotective Agents Obtained from Aromatic Plants Grown in Colombia: Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity, and Assessment of Cytotoxic Potential in Cancer Cell Lines of Cymbopogon flexuosus L. and Tagetes lucida Cav. Essential Oils.

Photoprotective agents obtained from plants provide benefits for the health of the skin. The present study aims to assess the total phenolic content (TPC) and in vitro UV-protective properties of twelve essential oils (EOs) from plants grown in Colombia and to evaluate the antioxidant and cytotoxic potential of two species identified as photoprotective potentials: Cymbopogon flexuosus and Tagetes lucida. The composition of EOs was studied by GC/MS. The cytotoxicity of both EOs was examined using an MTT assay, and an H2-DCFDA probe was employed to estimate the intracellular production of ROS in HepG2 and Calu-1 cells. Major constituents (≥10%) were neral, geranial, geranyl acetate in C. flexuosus and estragole in T. lucida. The TPC for C. flexuosus and T. lucida EOs were ≥10 mg GAE/g of byproduct. Both EOs showed photoprotective properties (SPFin vitro: 13−14), and long-wavelength UVA protection (λc > 370 nm). HepG2 and Calu-1 cells exposed to C. flexuosus exhibited antiproliferative activity (˂50%) at 125 µg/mL, while T. lucida was at 250 and 500 µg/mL. The IC50 values for C. flexuosus were 75 and 100 µg/mL in HepG2 and Calu-1 cells, respectively, whereas those for T. lucida were >250 µg/mL. These EOs achieved significant inhibitory effects (between 15.6 and 40.4%) against H2O2-induced oxidative stress. The results showed that EO compounds recognized as antioxidants could counteract the effects elicited by H2O2.

Self-esteem and Suicidal Ideation in Pakistani Undergraduates / Autoestima e ideación suicida en estudiantes universitarios paquistaníes

Abstract The main purpose of the study was to assess the relationship between self-esteem and suicidal ideation in Pakistani undergraduates (N = 600). Participants' ages ranged from 17 to 25 years (M =20.26, SD = 1.6) with 50% males and 50% females. A Structural Equation Modeling approach was used to analyse the data. All fit indices were examined on measurement level. Relationships between three latent variables: positive self-esteem, negative self-esteem, and suicidal ideation were assessed on structural level. Results revealed that students with negative self-esteem were more prone towards suicidal ideation (β = .15, p < .001). Moreover, those students who were having positive self-esteem were less likely indicating suicide ideation which suggested that positive self-esteem is a protective factor against suicidal ideation (β = -.10, p < .05) among undergraduates.

Resumen El objetivo principal del estudio fue evaluar la relación entre la autoestima y la ideación suicida en estudiantes universitarios paquistaníes (N = 600). Las edades de los participantes variaron de 17 a 25 años (M = 20.26, SD = 1.6) con un 50% de hombres y un 50% de mujeres. Se utilizó un enfoque de modelado de ecuaciones estructurales para analizar los datos. Todos los índices de ajuste se examinaron a nivel de medición. Se evaluaron a nivel estructural las relaciones entre tres variables latentes: autoestima positiva, autoestima negativa e ideación suicida. Los resultados revelaron que los estudiantes con autoestima negativa eran más propensos a la ideación suicida (β = .15, p < .001). Además, los estudiantes que tenían una autoestima positiva tenían menos probabilidades de indicar una ideación suicida, lo que sugirió que la autoestima positiva es un factor protector contra la ideación suicida (β = -.10, p < .05) entre los estudiantes de pregrado.

The Associated Decision and Management Factors on Cattle Tick Level of Infestation in Two Tropical Areas of Ecuador.

Decision-making on tick control practices is linked to the level of knowledge about livestock farming and to the social context in which individuals practice them. Tick infestation is one of the main problems in tropical livestock production. The objective of this study was to characterize tick-control related practices in two tropical livestock areas and their potential association with the level of tick infestation. A total of 139 farms were included in this survey. To determine this association, a multivariate logistic regression model was used. A stepwise model selection procedure was used and model validation was tested. Cattle husbandry as a main activity, the use of external paddocks, the use of amitraz, and the lack of mechanization on the farm were related with high tick infestation. On the other hand, owner involvement in the preparation of acaricide solution was identified as a protective factor against high tick infestation. At animal level, age (old), body condition status (thin), and lactation were also associated with high tick infestations, while Bos primigenius indicus cattle and their crosses reduced the probability of high tick infestations. The factors studied, such as herd size, education level of the owners, and veterinary guidance, varied from farm to farm. Nonetheless, these differences did not generate changes in the level of tick infestation. According to the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC-ROC), the model at farm level predicts a high level of infestation, with an accuracy of 72.00% and high sensitivity. In addition, at animal level, crossbreeding with indicus cattle and breeding selection for host resistance will be useful against high tick infestation. Likewise, the implementation of programs of capacitation and research on tick control for farmers, cowboys, and vets in these areas is necessary.

Factores de riesgo nutricionales asociados con el desarrollo de obesidad en militares / Nutritional risk factors associated with the development of obesity in military population

Resumen Introducción: La correcta alimentación de los soldados es clave para mantener la salud y el buen rendimiento, actualmente, la obesidad constituye un problema de salud pública calificada como la "epidemia del siglo". Objetivo: Identificar los factores de riesgo nutricionales asociados al sobrepeso y obesidad en una Brigada del Ejército Mexicano. Material y métodos: Se determinó la fuerza de asociación entre los factores de riesgo nutricionales y el desarrollo de sobrepeso y obesidad. La asociación se realizó mediante X2 y OR, y la diferencia de medias con prueba Z. Resultados: Se observó diferencia entre casos y controles en consumo de calorías (z=9.34, P<0.01), proteínas (z=10.22, P<0.01), grasas (z=8.84, P<0.0) y carbohidratos (z=7.04, P<0.01). El consumo de verduras y frutas <1 vez/semana, y el de bebidas azucaradas >1 vez/semana fueron factores de riesgo para desarrollar sobrepeso y obesidad (X2=4.406; p=0.036; OR=2.1), (X2= 5.6; p=0.018; OR=2.25), (X2=7.368; p=0.007; OR=4.5), respectivamente. El no consumir la mayor cantidad de calorías en el comedor y el que la cafetería y la calle sean el sitio de mayor consumo de calorías fueron factores de riesgo (X2=14.44; p=0.000; OR=4.3), (X2=13.74; p=0.000; OR=5.56) y (X2=6.375; p=0.012; OR =4.12), respectivamente. Conclusiones: El consumo menor o igual a una vez a la semana de verduras y frutas, el consumir bebidas azucaradas más de una vez a la semana, el consumir la mayor cantidad de calorías de la cafetería y de la calle y el no consumir la mayor cantidad de calorías en el comedor fueron factores de riesgo para desarrollar sobrepeso-obesidad.

Abstract Introduction: Correctly feeding soldiers is key to maintaining health and good performance. Obesity is currently a public health problem classified as the "epidemic of the century". Objective to identify the nutritional risk factors associated with overweight and obesity in a Mexican Army Brigade. Material and methods: The strength of association between nutritional risk factors and the development of overweight and obesity was determined. The association was made using X2 and OR, and the difference in means with the Z test. Results: Different differences between cases and controls in the consumption of calories (z = 9.34, P <0.01), proteins (z = 10.22, P <0.01), fats (z = 8.84, P <0.0) and carbohydrates (z = 7.04, P <0.01). Consumption of vegetables and fruits <1 time / week and consumption of sugary drinks> 1 time / week were risk factors for developing overweight and obesity (X2 = 4,406; p = 0.036; OR = 2.1), (X2 = 5.6 ; p = 0.018; OR = 2.25), (X2 = 7.368; p = 0.007; OR = 4.5), respectively. Failure to consume the highest amount of calories in the dining room and the fact that the cafeteria and the street are the site of the highest calorie consumption were risk factors (X2 = 14.44; p = 0.000; OR = 4.3), (X2 = 13.74; p = 0.000; OR = 5.56) and (X2 = 6.375; p = 0.012; OR = 4.12), respectively. Conclusions: Consumption less than or equal to once a week of vegetables and fruits, consumption of sugary drinks more than once a week, consumption of the greatest number of calories in the cafeteria and the street and non-consumption of the greatest amount of calories in the dining room were risk factors for developing overweight-obesity.

Herramientas de autocuidado para el profesional psicosocial como factor protector de su salud mental y bienestar / Self-care tolos for the psychosocial profesional as a protective factor of his mental health and wellbeing

El texto esboza de una manera reflexiva el lugar de los factores protectores que son vitales para el trabajo de los profesionales en el contexto psicosocial; surgen, entonces, algunas de las herramientas encausadas al apoyo sistemático que desde el bienestar individual será vital pensarlo y actuarlo en pro de una mejor calidad de vida en lo profesional y personal. Dentro de los hallazgos se viabiliza la importancia del autocuidado, cuidado de sí y lo paradojal del estar bien para que otros estén bien, y el encuentro terapéutico como alternativa para privilegiar la palabra, el discurso, el apoyo a otros que apoyan y la formación institucional y gremial que se traduce en apuestas políticas y gremiales hacia el cuidar a quien se dispone profesionalmente a cuidar a otros. ¡Vaya tarea la que se propone!

The text outlines a reflection concerning the place of protective factors that are vital for the work of professionals in the psychosocial context; Then some of the tools for systematic support emerge that, from the individual well-being, will be vital to think about and act on it in favor of a better professional and personal quality of life. Among the findings are the importance of self-care, self-care and the paradox of being well so that others are well, the therapeutic encounter as an alternative to privilege the word and the speech, the support to others who support and the institutional and union training; which translates into political and union bets towards caring for those who are professionally willing to take care of others. What a challenging task!

rs3764435 Associated With Parkinson's Disease in Mexican Mestizos: Case-Control Study Reveals Protective Effects Against Disease Development and Cognitive Impairment.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common movement disorder. Genetic risk factors provide information about the pathophysiology of PD that could potentially be used as biomarkers. The ALDH1A1 gene encodes for the aldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme, which is involved in the disposal of toxic metabolites of dopamine. Due to the cytotoxic nature of aldehydes, their detoxification is essential for cellular homeostasis. It has been reported that ALDH1A1 expression levels and activity are decreased in PD patients. A deficit in ALDH1A1 activity in the substantia nigra, may lead to the accumulation of neurotoxic aldehydes and eventually the cell death seen in PD. One of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) that may modulate ALDH1A1 activity levels is rs3764435 (A/C). To investigate whether a statistical association exists between PD and the SNP rs3764435, we carried out a population-based Case-Control association study (120 PD patients and 178 non-PD subjects) in Mexican mestizos. DNA was extracted from blood samples and genotyped for rs3764435 using real-time PCR. A significant difference was found between PD cases and controls in both allelic and genotypic frequencies. The calculated OR showed that the C/C genotype is a protective factor under the codominant and recessive models of inheritance. However, after stratifying by sex, the protective role of this genotype is conserved only in men. Also, under the codominant and dominant models, rs3764435 appears to exert a protective effect against cognitive impairment in PD patients. Here for the first time, we show an association between PD and rs3764435 in a Mexican mestizo population, suggesting it confers neuroprotection for dementia in PD and is neuroprotective against developing PD in the males of this population. While analysis of the SNP looks favorable, replication of our study in cell lines or rs3764435 KO mice is required to validate these results.

Detención de la hemorragia uterina anormal en pacientes a quienes se realizó histeroscopia operatoria / Resolution of abnormal uterine hemorrhage in patients submitted to operational histeroscopy in the University Hospital of Santander

Resumen OBJETIVO: Evaluar los factores sociodemográficos, clínicos, histopatológicos y del procedimiento quirúrgico asociados con el control (satisfactorio o inadecuado) de la hemorragia uterina anormal de pacientes a quienes se realizó histeroscopia operatoria. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS: Estudio de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte retrospectiva al que se incluyeron pacientes que consultaron por hemorragia uterina anormal en el Hospital Universitario de Santander, Colombia (2008-2014). Variables independientes: factores demográficos, antecedentes clínicos, quirúrgicos y posquirúrgicos. RESULTADOS: Se encontraron registros de 180 procedimientos de histeroscopia; 124 de histeroscopias operatorias, de las que 114 se practicaron debido a síntomas de hemorragia uterina anormal; de estas últimas, 22 fueron reintervenciones para controlar la hemorragia uterina anormal (casos) y 92 controles. Los límites de edad se ubicaron en 19 y 66 años, con una mediana de 39 años; la mayoría eran menores de 45 años (66.7%), edad que se asoció como factor protector. El porcentaje de complicaciones durante el procedimiento fue de 1.75%, relacionadas con perforación uterina. Solo dos pacientes tuvieron complicaciones posquirúrgicas y la reintervención quirúrgica tuvo una incidencia de 19.3%; es decir, sucedió en 22 pacientes. CONCLUSIÓN: El riesgo de reintervención está relacionado con la hiperplasia endometrial, edad mayor de 45 años, antecedente de discrasia sanguínea y localización de la lesión en áreas diferentes al cuello uterino y como variable protectora el antecedente de paridad. Se hizo evidente la relación entre la falla del procedimiento histeroscópico, las variables de hiperplasia endometrial y la discrasia sanguínea.

Abstract OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, histopathological and surgical procedure factors associated with the control (satisfactory or inadequate) of abnormal uterine hemorrhage in patients who underwent operative hysteroscopy. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Nested case-control study in a retrospective cohort that included women who consulted for abnormal uterine hemorrhage at the University Hospital of Santander, Colombia, from 2008 to 2014. Independent variables: demographic factors, clinical history, surgical and postsurgical. RESULTS: Records of 180 hysteroscopy procedures were found; 124 of operative hysteroscopies, of which 114 were performed due to symptoms of abnormal uterine hemorrhage; of the latter, 22 were reoperations to control abnormal uterine hemorrhage (cases) and 92 controls. The age limits were located in 19 and 66 years, with a median of 39 years; the majority were under 45 years old (66.7%), an age that was associated as a protective factor. The percentage of complications during the procedure was 1.75%, related to uterine perforation. Only two patients had postoperative complications and the surgical reoperation had an incidence of 19.3%; that is, it happened in 22 patients. CONCLUSION: The risk of reoperation is related to endometrial hyperplasia, age over 45 years, history of blood dyscrasia and location of the lesion in areas other than the cervix, and as a protective variable, the antecedent of parity. The relationship between the failure of the hysteroscopic procedure, the variables of endometrial hyperplasia and blood dyscrasia was evident.

La importancia de los grupos de adultos mayores para el mejoramiento de las relaciones interpersonales / The importance of older groups for improving interpersonal relationships

En este ensayo se presenta un panorama general desde la experiencia de un grupo de interés de estudiantes del programa de psicología de la Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, trabajo desarrollado con un grupo de socialización de mujeres adultas mayores en el barrio Nueva Villa de la Iguaná de Medellín y la importancia en estas dinámicas para el mejoramiento de las relaciones interpersonales, las cuales permiten en esta etapa del ciclo vital fortalecer su rol en diferentes contextos de los cuales en algunas ocasiones se desdibuja al adulto mayor y por medio de esta experiencia evidenciar la importancia de construir, visibilizar al adulto mayor en la comunidad y conocer la realidad de sus contextos; de esta manera ampliar el rol del adulto mayor en la interacción con la comunidad.

This essay presents an overview of the experience of a student interest group of the psychology program of the Universidad Católica Luis Amigó, a work developed with a group of socialization of older adult women in the Nueva Villa de la Iguana district of Medellin And the importance in these dynamics for the improvement of the interpersonal relations, which allow in this stage of the life cycle to strengthen its role in different contexts of which in some occasions the elder is blurred and through this experience to demonstrate the importance of Construct, visualize the elderly in the community and know the reality of their contexts; Thus expanding the role of the elderly in the interaction with the community.

Violência doméstica e risco para problemas de saúde mental em crianças e adolescentes / Domestic violence and risk for mental health in childhood and adolescence

A literatura demonstra que sofrer violência doméstica na infância e juventude é um risco para o desenvolvimento das psicopatologias. Este estudo utilizou o Strenghts and Difficulties Questionnarie (SDQ) e encontrou prevalência de 65,5% de possibilidades de problemas de saúde mental em crianças e adolescentes (4-16 anos), vítimas de violência doméstica, acompanhados em Serviços de Referência, todos residentes em um município brasileiro. O resultado encontrado foi considerado elevado, se comparado à população geral. A violência doméstica foi observada como fator de risco para problemas de saúde mental nas crianças e adolescentes estudados, agravada pelo uso preocupante de bebida alcoólica pelo responsável, ou este estar fora do processo produtivo. Não foram encontrados fatores de proteção efetivos, principalmente em relação à rede de proteção. Esses resultados sinalizam a necessidade de implementação de mecanismos que avaliem a efetividade de programas específicos nas áreas de saúde mental e violência doméstica.

Literature shows that experiencing domestic violence in childhood and young adulthood is a risk for the development of psychopathology. This study used the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) and found a prevalence of 65.5% of possibility of mental health problems in children and adolescents (4-16 years old) who were victims of domestic violence followed in Referral Services in a Brazilian city. The result found was considered high when compared to the general population. Domestic violence was observed as a risk factor for mental health problems among the studied children and adolescents, aggravated by caregivers' alcoholism or unemployment. No effective protective factors were found, mainly regarding the protection network. These results indicate the need for reassessing the effectiveness of specific programs in the areas of mental health and domestic violence.