[Cross-cultural adaptation and reliability of the Argentine version of the trunk control test in subjects with sequelae of spinal cord injury] / Adaptación transcultural y fiabilidad del trunk control test versión argentina en sujetos con secuela de lesión medular espinal.

Background: spinal cord injury leaves as a sequel in the acute and chronic period, deficiencies in the stability of joint functions and in the function of voluntary movement control. Those with good trunk control have a greater probability of carrying out activities of daily living by themselves; up to now, we do not have reliable tools in Argentina that evaluate trunk control in these subjects. Objectives: to cross-culturally adapt the trunk control test to Argentinean Spanish in subjects with sequelae of spinal cord injury and to establish interobserver and intraobserver reliability. Methodology: the subjects were admitted using a non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Subjects who were between 15 and 75 years old and had a diagnosis of spinal cord injury were included. Subjects who had: another neurological diagnosis, alteration in sensory organs, conditions that prevent the performance of the test, and psychiatric illness were excluded. Results: 30 subjects were included for cross-cultural adaptation and 55 for reliability. Semantic modifications were made to all items and response options. The intraobserver and interobserver reliability of the scale or subdomains did not achieve a sufficient score. Conclusion: the trunk control test was adapted cross-culturally to Argentine Spanish and interobserver and intraobserver reliability was established. The adaptation was achieved through semantic changes and the reliability was not sufficient. In the future, studies should be carried out to improve the reliability and study the validity of the tool.

Introducción: la lesión de la médula espinal deja como secuela en el período agudo y crónico, deficiencias en la estabilidad de las funciones articulares y de la función del control de los movimientos voluntarios. Aquellos con buen control de tronco poseen una mayor probabilidad de realizar por sí mismos  actividades de la vida diaria, hasta el momento, no contamos en Argentina con herramientas fiables  que evalúen el control de tronco en estos sujetos. Objetivos: adaptar transculturalmente al castellano argentino el trunk control test  en sujetos con secuela de lesión medular espinal y establecer la fiabilidad interobservador, intraobservador. Metodología: los sujetos fueron ingresados mediante un muestreo no probabilístico  por conveniencia. Se incluyeron sujetos que: posean entre 15 años a 75 años y tengan diagnóstico de lesión medular espinal, se excluyeron sujetos que posean: otro diagnóstico neurológico, alteración en los órganos sensoriales, condiciones que impidan la realización de la prueba y enfermedad psiquiátrica. Resultados: 30 sujetos fueron incluidos para la adaptación transcultural y 55 para la fiabilidad. Se realizaron modificaciones semánticas en todos los ítems y opciones de respuesta. La fiabilidad intraobservador e interobservador de la escala o de los subdominios no logró un puntaje suficiente. Conclusión:  se adaptó transculturalmente al castellano argentino el trunk control test y se estableció la fiabilidad interobservador, intraobservador. La adaptación se logró a través de cambios semánticos y la fiabilidad no fue suficiente. A futuro se deberán realizar estudios para mejorar la fiabilidad y estudiar la validez de la herramienta.

What is the most appropriate handgrip strength testing protocol for sarcopenia screening in older adults with cognitive impairment?

BACKGROUND: Handgrip strength (HGS) testing is a highly recommended method for screening for sarcopenia in older adults. However, there is no consensus on the optimal protocol and number of trials for screening sarcopenia in older adults with cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the use of the first trial (FT), the mean of three trials (MT), and the highest value (HT) from three trials of the HGS test to screen for sarcopenia in older adults with cognitive impairment. Additionally, to analyze the consistency, agreement, and measurement error in the diagnosis of muscle weakness. METHODS: 176 older adults with cognitive impairment were evaluated. The HGS test was repeated three times. Analyses were performed using the Friedman repeated measures test with Wilcoxon post-hoc, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), Standard Error of Measurement (SEM), Minimal Detectable Change (MDC95), and Kappa index tests. RESULTS: There was no significant difference between the first trial (FT) and the mean of three trials (MT) (d = 0.17 [95 % CI: -0.08, 0.42]), but both differed significantly from the highest value (HT) (p < 0.001). The ICC indicated a reliability of 0.97 (95 % CI: 0.95, 0.98) across all participants, while the kappa index demonstrated over 80 % agreement. The SEM for the first measure of HGS ranged from 0.59 to 2.12 kgf. The MDC95 ranged from 1.64 to 5.87 kgf. CONCLUSION: For HGS testing, there was excellent consistency between the FM and MT. All three testing methods demonstrated excellent agreement in diagnosing muscle weakness. The measurement errors confirm that FT can be reliably used to monitor changes during rehabilitation.

[Repeatability of spirometrys expiratory flows]. / Repetitividad de los flujos espiratorios de la espirometría.

Background: The quality of the spirometry is estimated with criteria of acceptability and repeatability. The repeatability criteria accepted by consensus is < 0.150 L. Objective: To know the repeatability in quality A spirometry. Material and methods: Analytical cross-sectional design. The demographic variables and the 3 best spirometry curves with normal, suggestive of restriction and bronchial obstruction profiles were obtained from consecutive subjects of both genders from 18 to 80 years of age. The repeatability was analyzed with the mean difference (bias) and the intraclass correlation coefficient. Results: 630 curves from 210 subjects were accepted. Group age 60 ± 15 years. Female predominance 113 (53.8%), occupation: domestic services 61 (29%), and diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: 70 (33.4%). The differences in the curves were < 0.150 L. The mean difference (bias) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval, 95% CI) of the forced expiratory volume in the first second were 1 vs. 2 maneuver: -0.01 (0.13, -0.14), 0.997 (95% CI 0.996, 0.998); 2 vs. 3 maneuver: 0.00 (0.13, -0.13), 0.997 (95% CI 0.996, 0.998), and maneuver 1 vs. 3: -0.00 (0.16, -0.17), 0.995 (95% CI 0.994, 0.996). Forced vital capacity: 1 vs. 2 maneuver: -0.01 (0.17, -0.18), 0.996 (95% CI 0.995, 0.997); 2 vs. 3 maneuver: 0.01 (0.17, -0.16), 0.997 (95% CI 0.0.996, 0.998), and maneuver 1 vs. 3: -0.00 (0.18, -0.19), 0.996 (95% CI 0.995, 0.997). Conclusion: The repeatability obtained in spirometry with quality A validates the use of the repeatability criterion of 0.150 L.

Introducción: la calidad de la espirometría se estima con criterios de aceptabilidad y repetitividad. La repetitividad aceptada por consenso es < 0.150 L. Objetivo: conocer la repetitividad en espirometrías de calidad A. Material y métodos: diseño transversal analítico. Se obtuvieron las variables demográficas y las 3 mejores curvas de espirometría con perfil normal, que sugiriera restricción y obstrucción bronquial de sujetos consecutivos de ambos géneros de 18 a 80 años. La repetitividad se analizó con la diferencia de medias (sesgo) y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase. Resultados: se aceptaron 630 curvas de 210 sujetos. Edad grupal 60 ± 15 años. Predominio femenino 113 (53.8%), ocupación: servicios domésticos 61 (29%) y con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica 70 (33.4%). Las diferencias en las curvas fueron < 0.150 L. Las diferencias medias (sesgo) y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (intervalo de confianza al 95%, IC 95%) del volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo fueron: maniobra 1 frente a 2: −0.01 (0.13, −0.14), 0.997 (IC 95% 0.996, 0.998); maniobra 2 frente a 3: 0.00 (0.13, −0.13), 0.997 (IC 95% 0.996, 0.998), y maniobra 1 frente a 3: −0.00 (0.16, −0.17), 0.995 (IC 95% 0.994, 0.996). La capacidad vital forzada: maniobra 1 frente a 2: −0.01 (0.17, −0.18), 0.996 (IC 95% 0.995, 0.997); maniobra 2 frente a 3: 0.01 (0.17, −0.16), 0.997 (IC 95% 0.0.996, 0.998), y maniobra 1 frente a 3: −0.00 (0.18, −0.19), 0.996 (IC 95% 0.995, 0.997). Conclusión: la repetitividad obtenida en espirometrías con calidad A valida el uso del criterio de repetitividad de 0.150 L.

Goniometry and fleximetry measurements to assess cervical range of motion in individuals with chronic neck pain: a validity and reliability study.

PURPOSE: To assess the test-retest and inter-rater reliability of goniometry and fleximetry in measuring cervical range of motion in individuals with chronic neck pain. METHODS: A reliability study. Thirty individuals with chronic neck pain were selected. Cervical range of motion was measured by goniometry and fleximetry at two time points 7 days apart. To characterize the sample, we used the numerical pain rating scale, Pain-Related Catastrophizing Thoughts Scale, and Neck Disability Index. Intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM) and minimum detectable change (MDC) were calculated. Correlations between goniometry and fleximetry measurements were performed using Spearman's correlation coefficient (rho). RESULTS: For goniometry, we found excellent test-retest reliability (ICC ≥ 0.986, SEM ≤ 1.89%, MDC ≤ 5.23%) and inter-rater reliability (ICC ≥ 0.947, SEM ≤ 3.91%, MDC ≤ 10.84%). Similarly, we found excellent test-retest reliability (ICC ≥ 0.969, SEM ≤ 2.71%, MDC ≤ 7.52%) and inter-rater reliability (ICC ≥ 0.981, SEM ≤ 1.88%, MDC ≤ 5.20%) for fleximetry. Finally, we observed a strong correlation between the goniometry and the fleximetry for all cervical movements (rho ≥ 0.993). CONCLUSION: Goniometry and fleximetry measurements are reliable for assessing cervical range of motion in individuals with chronic neck pain.

Repeatability and intra and interrater reproducibility of the DIPA-S eHealth© capture and analysis system for clinical assessment of scoliosis.

PURPOSE: To assess the repeatability, intra and interrater reproducibility of the DIPA-S eHealth© system for capturing and measuring clinical variables of scoliosis, including frontal trunk imbalance (FTI), sagittal trunk imbalance (STI), and angle of trunk rotation (ATR). METHODS: Patients were photographed using the DIPA-S eHealth Capture© mobile application by family members, physiotherapists, or surgeons. Three photos were taken in each position: standing in the frontal and sagittal planes and in the axial plane in forward bending position of the trunk. The photos were analyzed by three independent evaluators using the DIPA-S eHealth Analysis© software. For repeatability, each photo was analyzed twice consecutively by the three evaluators. For intrarater reproducibility, only one evaluator reanalyzed the first photo from each plane with a 5-day interval. For interrater reproducibility, the three evaluators analyzed the first photo from each plane. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), standard error of measurement (SEM), and minimal detectable change (MDC) were used (p < 0.05). RESULTS: The sample comprised 262 images (n = 30). Repeatability was excellent for all three evaluators in all three planes (ICC 0.94 to 1.00). Intrarater reproducibility was excellent in all three planes (ICC 0.88 to 0.99). Interrater analysis was excellent for the frontal and axial planes (ICC 0.98 and 0.93), respectively. However, it was weak in the sagittal plane ICC 0.32. The SEM ranged from 0.02 to 17.6 and MDC from 0.03 to 34.6. CONCLUSION: The DIPA-S eHealth© Capture and Analysis system demonstrates reproducibility for use in the clinical assessment of scoliosis through teleconsultations.

Development and Validation of a questionnaire on human dignity in nursing cares: an exploratory sequential mixed study.

Objective: The current study aimed to develop and validate of human dignity questionnaire in nursing care. Methods: The present research is a sequential exploratory mixed method study. The questionnaire was developed and validated in three phases: (1) the concept of human dignity was defined through conventional content analysis qualitative approach, (2) early items of questionnaire was generated according to findings of the first phase, (3) validation of the questionnaire was evaluated using face, content and construct validity as well as reliability. The study was conducted with the participation of 13 nurses in the qualitative section and 203 nurses in the quantitative section in teaching hospitals affiliated to Jahrom University of Medical Sciences (Iran). Results: In the qualitative section, the definition and dimensions of the concept of human dignity in nursing care were discovered. In the quantitative section, the initial pool of items for the questionnaire of human dignity in nursing care was formed using the results of the qualitative section of the study and review of texts and related questionnaires. In factor analysis, four subscales including: respectful communication, equality of patient human value, preservation of privacy and patient-centered care were extracted by Eigen value above one. Internal consistency and stability of the questionnaire were calculated as 0.85 and 0.80, respectively, indicating an excellent reliability. Conclusion: The 20-item developed questionnaire is valid and reliable for measurement of human dignity questionnaire in nursing cares.

Development and Validation of a questionnaire on human dignity in nursing cares: an exploratory sequential mixed study / Desarrollo y validación de un cuestionario sobre dignidad humana en los cuidados de enfermería. Un estudio exploratorio secuencial mixto / Desenvolvimento e validação de um questionário sobre a dignidade humana nos cuidados de enfermagem. Um estudo exploratório misto sequencial exploratório

Objective.The current study aimed to develop and validate of human dignity questionnaire in nursing care. Methods. The present research is a sequential exploratory mixed method study. The questionnaire was developed and validated in three phases: (1) the concept of human dignity was defined through conventional content analysis qualitative approach, (2) early items of questionnaire was generated according to findings of the first phase, (3) validation of the questionnaire was evaluated using face, content and construct validity as well as reliability. The study was conducted with the participation of 13 nurses in the qualitative section and 203 nurses in the quantitative section in teaching hospitals affiliated to Jahrom University of Medical Sciences (Iran). Results. In the qualitative section, the definition and dimensions of the concept of human dignity in nursing care were discovered. In the quantitative section, the initial pool of items for the questionnaire of human dignity in nursing care was formed using the results of the qualitative section of the study and review of texts and related questionnaires. In factor analysis, four subscales including: respectful communication, equality of patient human value, preservation of privacy and patient-centered care were extracted by Eigen value above one. Internal consistency and stability of the questionnaire were calculated as 0.85 and 0.80, respectively, indicating an excellent reliability. Conclusions. The 20-item developed questionnaire is valid and reliable for measurement of human dignity questionnaire in nursing cares.

Objetivo. Elaborar y validar un cuestionario sobre la dignidad humana en los cuidados de enfermería. Métodos. Estudio exploratorio secuencial de método mixto. El cuestionario se desarrolló y validó en tres fases: (1) se definió el concepto de dignidad humana mediante un enfoque cualitativo de análisis de contenido convencional, (2) se generaron los primeros ítems del cuestionario de acuerdo con los resultados de la primera fase, (3) se evaluó la validación del cuestionario mediante la validez facial, de contenido y de constructo, así como la fiabilidad. El estudio se llevó a cabo con la participación de 13 enfermeras en la sección cualitativa y 203 enfermeras en la sección cuantitativa en hospitales docentes afiliados a la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Jahrom (Irán). Resultados. En la fase cualitativa emergieron las dimensiones del concepto de dignidad humana en los cuidados de enfermería. En la sección cuantitativa, el grupo inicial de ítems para el cuestionario de dignidad humana en los cuidados de enfermería se formó utilizando los resultados de la sección cualitativa y de la revisión instrumentos relacionados. En el análisis factorial, se extrajeron cuatro subescalas con un valor Eigen superior a uno: comunicación respetuosa, igualdad del valor humano del paciente, preservación de la intimidad y cuidados centrados en el paciente, consistencia interna y la estabilidad del cuestionario se calcularon en 0.85 y 0.80, respectivamente, lo que indica una excelente fiabilidad. Conclusión.El cuestionario de 20 ítems desarrollado es válido y fiable para medir la dignidad humana en los cuidados de enfermería.

Objectivo. Desenvolver e validar um questionário sobre a dignidade humana nos cuidados de enfermagem. Métodos. Estudo exploratório sequencial misto de métodos exploratórios. O questionário foi desenvolvido e validado em três fases: (1) o conceito de dignidade humana foi definido utilizando uma abordagem de análise de conteúdo qualitativa convencional, (2) os primeiros itens do questionário foram gerados com base nos resultados da primeira fase, (3) a validação do questionário foi avaliada através da validade de face, de conteúdo e de construção, bem como da fiabilidade. O estudo foi realizado com a participação de 13 enfermeiros na secção qualitativa e 203 enfermeiros na secção quantitativa em hospitais universitários filiados na Universidade de Ciências Médicas de Jahrom (Irão). Resultados. Na fase qualitativa, emergiram as dimensões do conceito de dignidade humana nos cuidados de enfermagem. Na secção quantitativa, o conjunto inicial de itens para o questionário sobre a dignidade humana nos cuidados de enfermagem foi formado utilizando os resultados da secção qualitativa e a revisão de instrumentos relacionados. Na análise fatorial, foram extraídas quatro subescalas com um valor Eigen superior a 1: comunicação respeitosa, igual valor humano do doente, preservação da privacidade e cuidados centrados no doente. A consistência interna e a estabilidade do questionário foram calculadas em 0.85 e 0.80, respetivamente, indicando uma excelente fiabilidade. Conclusão. O questionário de 20 itens desenvolvido é válido e fiável para medir a dignidade humana nos cuidados de enfermagem.

The telephone-based application of the modified fatigue impact scale in individuals with multiple sclerosis: An investigation of measurement properties.

BACKGROUND: Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms reported by individuals with multiple sclerosis and it contributes to the reduction of the functionality. Therefore, it is important to assess the impact of fatigue on daily living of individuals with multiple sclerosis. The Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) is an instrument to assess the perception of the impact of fatigue. However, there have been no investigations about the measurement properties of this instrument administered over the telephone for individuals with multiple sclerosis. OBJECTIVES: To verify the concurrent validity, the test-retest reliability, the standard error of measurement (SEM) and the minimal detectable change (MDC) of the MFIS applied over the telephone to assess the perception of the impact of fatigue of individuals with multiple sclerosis. METHODS: The MFIS, composed of 21 items covering three domains: physical, cognitive and psychosocial, was applied at three different moments with an interval of 5-7 days. To establish the concurrent criterion validity, the face-to-face application and the first evaluation by telephone were used. The two telephone assessments were used to assess the test-retest reliability The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) with 95 % confidence interval (CI) and the Bland-Altman method were used. The standard error of measurement (SEM) and the MDC was calculated according to reliability results. RESULTS: Thirty individuals (40.83 ± 10.61, 60 % female) were included. The median score on the Expanded Disability Status Scale was 2.00 (±4.00). The majority of participants experienced fatigue (n = 17; 56.67 %). A significant and high magnitude correlation (0.70 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.87, p < 0.001) was found in the investigation of concurrent criterion validity. The Bland-Altman method showed a mean difference between 0.70 to 2.17 points between face-to-face and telephone-based application of the MFIS. For test-retest reliability, a significant and very high magnitude correlation (0.91 ≤ ICC ≤ 0.97, p < 0.001) was found. The Bland-Altman method showed a mean difference between -0.03 and -0.77 points between two telephone-based applications. The SEM and the MDC were 0.71 and 1.97 points. CONCLUSION: The telephone-based application of the MFIS to assess the perceived impact of fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis demonstrated adequate measurement properties, and may be a valuable tool to assess patients in clinical practice.

Translation and cross-cultural adaptation into Portuguese-Brazil of NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS.

BACKGROUND: Easy access to the Internet enables the creation of many online applications. In this sense, questionnaires were developed to evaluate the usability of health area online applications: the National Usability-Focused Health Information System Scale (NuHISS), the Enlight, and the User Version of the Mobile Application Rating Scale (uMARS). Those scales do not have a Portuguese (Brazil) version which is adequate to Brazil's culture. As a consequence, they can not be properly used in Brazil. OBJECTIVE: To translate and cross-cultural adapt the NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS to Portuguese (Brazil). METHODS: A methodological study involving the translation and cross-cultural adaptation of the questionnaires NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS was conducted following international guidelines recommendations. The questionnaires pass trough an initial translation, translation synthesis, back translation, expert committee, and a pre-final version test. RESULTS: Thirdy-two health professionals analyzed NuHiss, Enlight, and uMARS translated and cross-cultural adapted Portuguese (Brazil) version. There was conceptual equivalence between the translated and original versions, and no significant adaptations were needed during the translation process. 93.8% of professionals assume that the language is cohesive and 96.9% of them consider that the content is cohesive. CONCLUSION: The NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS were successfully translated and cross-culturally adapted to Portuguese (Brazil) and can be properly applied in Brazil. Brazilian health professionals should use the questionnaires NuHISS, Enlight, and uMARS to evaluate health area applications usability.

Reliability and Validity of Maximal Respiratory Pressures.

BACKGROUND: Maximal respiratory pressure is used to assess the inspiratory and expiratory muscles strength by using maximal inspiratory pressure (PImax) and maximal expiratory pressure (PEmax). This study aimed to summarize and evaluate the reliability and validity of maximal respiratory pressure measurements. METHODS: This systematic review followed the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN) recommendations and was reported by using the PRISMA checklist. Studies published before March 2023 were searched in PubMed and EMBASE databases. RESULTS: A total of 642 studies were identified by using the online search strategy and manual search (602 and 40, respectively). Twenty-three studies were included. The level of evidence for test-retest reliability was moderate for PImax and PEmax (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.70 for both), inter-rater reliability was low for PImax and very low for PEmax (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.70 for both), and the measurement error was very low for PImax and PEmax. In addition, concurrent validity presented a high level of evidence for PImax and PEmax (r > 0.80). CONCLUSIONS: Only concurrent validity of maximal respiratory pressure measured with the manometers evaluated in this review presented a high level of evidence. The quality of clinical studies by using maximal respiratory pressure would be improved if more high-quality studies on measurement properties, by following well established guidelines and the COSMIN initiative, were available.

Mapping of Neck Disability Index domains linked to the international classification of functioning and disability / Mapeamento dos domínios do neck disability index vinculados à classificação internacional de funcionalidade e incapacidade

Objective: This study aims to link NDI items to CIF using specific and up-to-date linking rules. Methods: It is a measurement properties analysis study in which two evaluators performed the link between NDI and CIF, both with experience in CIF taxonomy and NDI application. Thus, ten binding rules developed and updated specifically for binding the ICF to other instruments were applied. Results: The Kappa coefficient determined the level of agreement between the evaluators with a confidence interval of 95%. All NDI items were linked to ICF codes; there was no need to use the term "non-definable." The degree of agreement between the evaluators about the domains and the categories of the ICF's first, second, and third levels was almost perfect. Conclusion: Therefore, the NDI is well linked to the codes related to the ICF domains' Activity, Participation, Functions, and Structure. However, no concepts related to contextual factors were identified.

Objetivo: Este estudo visa vincular itens da NDI ao CIF usando regras de vinculação específicas e atualizadas. Métodos: É um estudo de análise de propriedades de medição no qual dois avaliadores realizaram a ligação entre NDI e CIF, ambos com experiência em taxonomia CIF e aplicação de NDI. Assim, foram aplicadas dez regras de vinculação desenvolvidas e atualizadas especificamente para vincular a ICF a outros instrumentos. Resultados: O coeficiente Kappa determinou o nível de concordância entre os avaliadores com um intervalo de confiança de 95%. Todos os itens do NDI estavam vinculados a códigos ICF; não havia necessidade de utilizar o termo "não definível". O grau de concordância entre os avaliadores em relação aos domínios e às categorias do primeiro, segundo e terceiro níveis da ICF foi caracterizado como quase perfeito. Conclusão: Portanto, o NDI está bem ligado aos códigos relacionados à Atividade, Participação, Funções e Estrutura dos domínios da ICF. Entretanto, não foram identificados conceitos relacionados a fatores contextuais.

Diagnostic accuracy of non-contrast MRI in frozen shoulder.

INTRODUCTION: Despite being the most used exam today, few studies have evaluated the accuracy of findings on non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The primary objective of the study was to evaluate the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and accuracy of non-contrast MRI findings in frozen shoulder, isolated and in combination. The secondary objectives were to define the interobserver and intraobserver agreement of the assessments and the odds ratio for frozen shoulder because of the various findings of MRI. METHODS: A retrospective diagnostic accuracy study comparing non-contrast MRI findings between the frozen shoulder group and the control group. Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value, accuracy, odds ratio, interobserver and intraobserver agreement were calculated for each finding and their possible associations. RESULTS: The hyperintensity on capsule in the axillary recess presented 84% sensitivity, 94% specificity, and 89% accuracy. The obliteration of the subcoracoid fat triangle in the rotator interval had sensitivity 34%, specificity 82% and accuracy 58%. For coracohumeral ligament thickness ≥ 2 mm had specificity 66%, 48% specificity and 57% accuracy. Capsule thickness in the axillary recess ≥ 4 mm resulted in 54% sensitivity, 82% specificity, and 68% accuracy. Regarding interobserver agreement, only the posteroinferior and posterosuperior quadrants showed moderate results, and all the others showed strong reliability. The odds ratio for hyperintensity in the axillary recess was 82.3 for frozen shoulder. The association of these findings increased specificity (95%). CONCLUSION: The accuracy of non-contrast magnetic resonance imaging is high for diagnosing frozen shoulder, especially when evaluating the hyperintensity of the axillary recess. The exam has high reliability and reproducibility. The presence of an association of signs increases the specificity of the test. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, study of diagnostic test.

Reliability and validity of the online application of London Chest Activity of Daily Living scale in assessing dyspnea-related functional impairment in individuals after hospitalization for COVID-19.

PURPOSE: To investigate the test-retest reliability and construct validity of the LCADL scale applied via online form in individuals after hospitalization for COVID-19. METHODS: Methodological study. After hospitalization for COVID-19 individuals completed the LCADL via online form at two separate times. They also answered the post-COVID-19 Functional Status Scale (PCFS), dyspnea, fatigue, and health perception scales, modified Medical Research Council (MRCm), Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36). Hospitalization data were collected from the individual's medical record. RESULTS: 104 individuals participated in the study (57 men, 45.2 ± 11.9 years). The LCADL showed moderately to high test-retest reliability (ICC: 0.73-0.86; p < 0.001), there was no difference in scores between test and retest (p > 0.05), the mean difference between the applications was smaller than the standard error of measurement and the internal consistency was adequate (Cronbach's α = 0.70-0.94). In addition, it demonstrated adequate construct validity, showing correlations with PCFS, dyspnea perception, fatigue and health scales, mMRC, SF-36, and length of stay in the Intensive Care Unit (p < 0.05). The LCADL as percentage of the total score presented a significant floor effect (25%). CONCLUSION: The LCADL applied online was reliable and valid for assessing limitations due to dyspnea in ADL in individuals after hospitalization for COVID-19.

The London Chest Activity of Daily Living Scale applied online is a method of evaluation of dyspnea-related ADL limitations that is valid and reliable after hospitalization for COVID-19 and can be used both in the telerehabilitation environment and in-person rehabilitation;The online form provides a more sustainable means of data storage, since no paper is needed, and saves time during in-person rehabilitation.

The intra- and inter-rater reproducibility of bone level measurements at strategic mini-implants using dental panoramic radiography.

OBJECTIVES: This experimental study focused on the intra- and inter-rater reproducibility of vertical bone level (VBL) measurements at strategic mini-implants (MI) using digital panoramic radiographs (PR). STUDY DESIGN: VBLs of 152 MIs for removable partial denture stabilization at 50 randomly chosen PRs from a clinical trial were digitally evaluated by three ratters. Rater deviations exceeding 0.5 mm were re-examined. The intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was applied to estimate reliability. The smallest detectable change (SDC) was interrelated to the minimal clinically important change of 0.2 mm. RESULTS: The first measurement round revealed intra- and inter-rater ICCs of > 0.8. However, 28 sites (9 %) were unreadable, and 97 sites (32 %) revealed differences between observers of ≥ 0.5 mm. Following a consensus session and re-training, an additional 8 sites were excluded and all remaining VBL differences were ≤ 0.5 mm. Thus, the SDCs with 95 % credibility were improved from 0.73 to 0.31 mm in the intra-rater and from 1.52 to 0.34 mm in the inter-rater statistics. Given a 50 % credibility for this special setting, both the intra- and inter-rater SDCs were 0.11 mm. CONCLUSIONS: Digital PR can be reliably utilized to determine VBLs around MIs under conditions of at least two trained observers, mutual calibration sessions, and exclusion of unquantifiable radiographs. GERMAN CLINICAL TRIALS REGISTER ID: DRKS00007589, www.germanctr.de.

Psychometric properties of the Providers Survey in the Brazilian context of mental health: a validation study

ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Precisely determining the aspects related to an instrument's validity and reliability measures allows for greater assurance of the quality of the results. OBJECTIVES: To analyze the psychometric properties of The Providers Survey in the Brazilian context of mental health services. DESIGN AND SETTING: The instrument validation study was conducted in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. METHODS: The validation study was conducted using the Consensus-based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments checklist to analyze its validity and reliability. RESULTS: A committee of expert judges performed content validation after which the Content Validity Index was calculated. Construct validation took place through Exploratory Factor Analysis using the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin Test criterion and Bartlett's Sphericity Test. Reliability was verified using test-retest reliability. The significance level adopted for the statistical tests was 5% (P < 0.05). The final instrument comprised 54 questions. The Content Validity Index was 97%. Exploratory Factor Analysis identified a Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin index of 0.901 and Bartlett's Sphericity Test with P < 0.001. We obtained a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.95 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.849. CONCLUSIONS: The Providers Survey, translated and adapted into Portuguese, was named the Work Assessment Instrument for the Recovery of Mental Health. It presented adequate psychometric properties for evaluating work-related practices for the recovery of psychosocial care network users.

Reliability and construct validity of the Long Version of Disability Assessment for Dementia (Brazilian Version) / Confiabilidade e validade de construto da Escala de Avaliação de Incapacidade na Demência - Versão Longa (DADL-BR)

Abstract Objectives Evaluate the reliability test-retest (intra and inter-examiner) and construct validity of the Long Version of Disability Assessment for Dementia (Brazilian Version - DADL-BR). Methods The DADL-BR was applied to 58 caregivers/family of older adults with dementia. The inter-examiner (n = 30) and intra-examiner (n = 28) reliability was assessed using the kappa test and Pearson's correlation coefficient, and the internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. The construct validity (n = 48) was performed by comparing DADL-BR with MMSE. Results The results of the intra and inter-examiner demonstrated good reliability (0.72 and 0.74), as well as nearly perfect correlations (0.99) for both inter- and intra-examiner reliability. The internal consistency was excellent (0.87) and the results demonstrated a good correlation (0.74) between DADL-BR and MMSE in construct validity analysis. Conclusions DADL-BR can be considered reliable instrument and with good construct validity, considering internal consistency and test-retest reliability and may be constitute a useful instrument for assessing the occupational performance profile of older adults with dementia.

Resumo Objetivos Avaliar a confiabilidade teste-reteste (intra e inter-examinadores) e a validade de construto da Versão Longa da Escala de Avaliação de Incapacidade na Demência - Versão Longa (DADL-BR). Métodos O DADL-Br foi aplicado em 58 cuidadores/familiares de idosos com demência. A confiabilidade inter-examinadores (n = 30) e intrae-xaminadores (n = 28) foi avaliada pelo teste kappa e coeficiente de correlação de Pearson, e a consistência interna foi avaliada pelo Alfa de Cronbach. A validade de construto (n = 48) foi realizada comparando-se o DADL-BR com o Mini Exame do Estado Mental (MEEM). Resultados Os resultados intra e inter-examinadores demonstraram boa confiabilidade (0,72 e 0,74), bem como correlações quase perfeitas (0,99) tanto para confiabilidade inter quanto intra-examinadores. A consistência interna foi excelente (0,87) e os resultados demonstraram boa correlação (0,74) entre o DADL-BR e o MEEM na análise de validade de constructo. Conclusões O DADL-BR pode ser considerado um instrumento confiável e com boa validade de constructo, considerando-se a consistência interna e a confiabilidade teste-reteste, e útil para avaliar o perfil de desempenho ocupacional de idosos com demência.

Teste de palavras no ruído: confiabilidade no teste-reteste em adultos normo-ouvintes / The word-with-noise test: test-retest reliability in normal-hearing adults

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar a confiabilidade do Teste de Palavras no Ruído em um grupo de adultos normo-ouvintes. Método Participaram da pesquisa 45 sujeitos adultos normo-ouvintes. O intervalo entre a primeira e a segunda avaliação foi de 14 a 28 dias, realizadas no mesmo turno do dia e pelo mesmo avaliador. A análise de comparação entre teste e reteste foi realizada considerando o resultado geral das orelhas, totalizando 90 orelhas avaliadas. A análise inferencial incluiu a comparação das situações na primeira e segunda avaliação por meio do Teste de Wilcoxon, cálculo e interpretação do Índice de Correlação Intraclasse. Resultados Houve diferença estatisticamente significante entre os desempenhos no teste e reteste. Os coeficientes de correlação intraclasse obtidos foram indicativos de boa confiabilidade (r=0,759; p<0,001) para o estímulo monossilábico e de moderada confiabilidade (r=0,631; p<0,001) para o dissilábico. Conclusão O Teste de Palavras no Ruído demonstrou satisfatória confiabilidade tanto para o estímulo monossilábico, quanto para o dissilábico.

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate the reliability of the Word-with-Noise Test in a group of normal-hearing adults. Methods Forty-five normal-hearing adult subjects participated in the research. The interval between the first and second assessment was 14 to 28 days, performed during the same time of the day and by the same evaluator. The comparison analysis between the test and the retest was performed considering the general result of the ears, totaling 90 ears evaluated. The inferential analysis included the comparison of the situations in the first and second assessment using the Wilcoxon Test, calculation, and interpretation of the Intraclass Correlation Index. Results There was a statistically significant difference between the test and retest performances. The intraclass correlation coefficients obtained were indicative of good reliability (r=0.759; p<0.001) for the monosyllabic stimulus and moderate reliability (r=0.631; p<0.001) for the disyllabic stimulus. Conclusion The Word-with-Noise Test demonstrated satisfactory reliability for both the monosyllabic and disyllabic stimuli.

Instrumento de Avaliação Fonológica: evidências de validade de construto / Phonological Assessment Instrument: evidence of construct validity

RESUMO Objetivo Investigar evidências de validade de construto para um Instrumento de Avaliação Fonológica para o Português Brasileiro, baseadas nos dados de diagnóstico gerados por sua própria aplicação a partir da análise contrastiva e do grau de severidade de fala. Método A amostra foi composta por dados de 176 crianças, com idades entre cinco até nove anos. Foram avaliadas pelo Instrumento de Avaliação Fonológica e classificadas em com transtorno fonológico ou em desenvolvimento fonológico típico, comparando tais resultados aos critérios para o transtorno no DSM-5. A busca por evidências da validade de construto contou com a concordância entre os dois métodos de avaliação, aplicando o Coeficiente Kappa. Para a diferenciação entre os grupos, utilizou-se o teste t de Student para amostras independentes. Buscou-se a investigação dos índices do instrumento pela estatística da Curva de Receiver Operating Characteristic para obter valores de área, ponto de corte, sensibilidade, especificidade, acurácia, valor preditivo positivo e negativo. Resultados O instrumento apresentou concordância e diferenciação significativa entre as classificações. Quanto aos parâmetros de desempenho, exibe ponto de corte para diagnóstico com resultados iguais ou maiores do que 96,17%, excelente valor de área sob a curva, assim como percentuais satisfatórios para as outras análises investigadas. Conclusão O conjunto de dados encontrados indicam evidências para validade de construto do Instrumento de Avaliação Fonológica, apresentando uma contribuição útil e válida ao arsenal de avaliação clínica e de pesquisa envolvendo diagnóstico de Transtorno Fonológico e, com seu resultado de acurácia, contribuiu as propriedades de desempenho dos instrumentos utilizados na Fonoaudiologia.

ABSTRACT Purpose To investigate evidence of construct validity for a Phonological Assessment Instrument for Brazilian Portuguese, based on the diagnostic data generated by its application from contrastive analysis and speech severity. Methods The sample consisted of 176 children, aged between five to nine years old. They were evaluated with the Phonological Assessment Instrument and then classified as having Speech Sound Disorder or in typical phonological development, comparing these results to the criteria described for the disorder in the DSM-5. The search for evidence of construct validity relied on the agreement between the two assessment methods while applying the Kappa Coefficient. To differentiate between groups, Student's t-test was used for independent samples. We sought to investigate the instrument indexes using the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve statistics to obtain values for area, cut-off point, sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, and positive and negative predictive value. Results The instrument showed agreement and significant differentiation between the classifications. As for the performance parameters, it shows a cut-off point for diagnosis with results equal to or greater than 96.17%, an excellent area under the curve, as well as satisfactory percentages for the other analyses investigated. Conclusion The data indicated evidence for the construct validity of the Phonological Assessment Instrument, presenting a useful and valid contribution to the arsenal of clinical assessment and research involving the diagnosis of Speech Sound Disorder and, with its accuracy result, contributed to the properties of performance of instruments used in Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences.

Instrumento de Avaliação Fonológica: evidências de validade de conteúdo e de processos de resposta / Phonological Assessment Instrument: evidence of content validity and response processes

RESUMO Objetivo evidenciar validade de conteúdo e validade de processos de resposta de um instrumento destinado à avaliação fonológica de crianças. Método validade realizada em duas etapas por dois diferentes grupos de juízes, grupo de especialistas e grupo de não-especialistas. O primeiro grupo composto por três juízes especialistas avaliaram os 123 itens lexicais após a elaboração do instrumento, julgando a aplicabilidade das figuras no contexto da avaliação infantil e sugerindo ajustes para compor o conteúdo. A partir das observações, o instrumento foi adequado e direcionado ao grupo de juízes não-especialistas que, por meio da aplicação do instrumento, tiveram suas respostas avaliadas conforme a facilidade ou dificuldade de elicitação dos itens do instrumento. Resultados As avaliações obtiveram resultados de teor positivo para as validades de conteúdo e de processos de resposta. Conclusão o estudo permitiu aprimorar os itens de teste de forma mais criteriosa, beneficiando o uso clínico e científico.

ABSTRACT Purpose to demonstrate the validity of content and the validity of response processes of an instrument intended for the phonological assessment of children. Methods validation was carried out in two stages by two different groups of judges, a group of specialists and a group of non-specialists. The first group, composed of three expert judges, evaluated the 123 lexical items after creating the instrument, judging the applicability of the figures in the context of child assessment, and suggesting adjustments to compose the content. From the observations, the instrument was adapted and directed to the group of non-specialist judges who, through the application of the instrument, had their responses evaluated according to the ease or difficulty of eliciting the instrument's items. Results The predictions obtained positive results for content validity and response processes. Conclusion the study allowed to improve the test items more judiciously, benefiting clinical and scientific use.

Evidence of validity of the Brazilian version of the Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version / Evidencia de validez de la versión brasileña del Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version / Evidências de validade da versão brasileira do Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the validity evidence of the Brazilian version of the Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version. Method: Methodological study, conducted between November and December 2021, with 140 patients undergoing hospital cancer treatment in João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazil. Psychometric analyses were performed in the adapted version, using exploratory factor analysis and correlation with correlated constructs. Results: A two-factor and 10-item model was evidenced. The cumulative variance explained about 61% the shared variance of the items. Satisfactory values were observed for the factors in the analyses of composite reliability (0.89 and 0.91, respectively), internal consistency (0.86 and 0.91, respectively) and ORION (0.89 and 0.85, respectively). The expected correlations of self-efficacy with quality of life (convergent) and with anxiety and depression (divergent) were evident. Conclusion: The Brazilian version of the instrument showed evidence of validity, being considered reliable to assess the self-efficacy of patients undergoing cancer treatment.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar las evidencias de validez de la versión brasileña del Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version. Método: Estudio metodológico, realizado entre noviembre y diciembre de 2021, con 140 pacientes en tratamiento oncológico hospitalario en João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Se realizaron análisis psicométricos en la versión adaptada, mediante análisis factorial exploratorio y correlación con constructos correlacionados. Resultados: Se evidenció un modelo de 2 factores y 10 ítems. La varianza acumulada explicó alrededor del 61% de la varianza compartida de los ítems. Se observaron valores satisfactorios para los factores en el análisis de confiabilidad compuesta (0,89 y 0,91, respectivamente), consistencia interna (0,86 y 0,91, respectivamente) y ORION (0,89 y 0,85, respectivamente). Se evidenciaron las correlaciones esperadas de la autoeficacia con la calidad de vida (convergente) y con la ansiedad y la depresión (divergente). Conclusión: La versión brasileña del instrumento mostró evidencias de validez, siendo considerado confiable para evaluar la autoeficacia de pacientes en tratamiento oncológico.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar as evidências de validade da versão brasileira do Cancer Behavior Inventory - Brief Version. Método: Estudo metodológico, realizado entre os meses de novembro e dezembro de 2021, com 140 pacientes em tratamento oncológico hospitalar em João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Foram realizadas análises psicométricas na versão adaptada, mediante a análise fatorial exploratória e correlação com constructos correlacionados. Resultados: Evidenciou-se um modelo de 2 fatores e 10 itens. A variância acumulada explicou cerca de 61% da variância compartilhada dos itens. Foram observados valores satisfatórios para os fatores nas análises de confiabilidade composta (0,89 e 0,91, respectivamente), consistência interna (0,86 e 0,91, respectivamente) e ORION (0,89 e 0,85, respectivamente). Evidenciaram-se as correlações esperadas da autoeficácia com a qualidade de vida (convergente) e com a ansiedade e depressão (divergente). Conclusão: A versão brasileira do instrumento mostrou evidências de validade, sendo considerada como confiável para avaliar a autoeficácia dos pacientes em tratamento oncológico.