Conocimiento en estudiantes de enfermería sobre desinfección terminal del área quirúrgica / Knowledge in nursing students about terminal disinfection of the surgical area

Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato sobre la desinfección terminal del área quirúrgica. Metodología: Esta investigación es cuantitativa, con enfoque descriptivo de cohorte transversal ya que el nivel de conocimiento se ha representado mediante tablas y gráficos para describir la problemática del periodo octubre 2023-febrero 2024. Resultados: Se evidencia el alto porcentaje de respuestas incorrectas por cada ítem por parte de los estudiantes. La categoría desinfección fue respondida de manera incorrecta con un porcentaje del 26%, la categoría proceso de desinfección con el 55,6%, la categoría aplicación del DAN con el 45.8%, la categoría desinfectante del DAN con el 36,2% y, por último, la categoría riesgo y prevención del DAN con el 29,2%. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre desinfección es bajo, porque no están lo suficientemente motivados o interesados en el tema de desinfección[AU]

Determine the level of knowledge of nursing students at the Technical University of Ambato about terminal disinfection of the surgical area.Methodology:This research is quantitative, with a descriptive cross-sectional cohort approach and the level of knowledge has been represented through tables and graphs to describe the problems of the period October 2023-February 2024.Results:A high percentage of incorrect answers for each item by the students is evident. The disinfection category was answered incorrectly with a percentage of 26%, the disinfection process category with 55.6%, the DAN application category with 45.8%, the disinfectant category with 36.2% and, finally, the DAN risk and prevention category. with 29.2%. Conclusions:The level of knowledge of students about disinfection is low, because they are not sufficiently motivated or interested in the topic of disinfection[AU]

Determinar o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de enfermagem da Universidade Técnica de Ambato sobre desinfecção terminal da área cirúrgica. Metodologia:Esta pesquisa é quantitativa, com abordagem descritiva de coorte transversal e o nível de conhecimento foi representado por meio de tabelas e gráficos para descrever os problemas do período outubro de 2023 a fevereiro de 2024.Resultados: Evidencia-se um alto percentual de respostas incorretas para cada item por parte dos alunos. A categoria desinfecção foi respondida incorretamente com um percentual de 26%, a categoria processo de desinfecção com 55,6%, a categoria aplicação DAN com 45,8%, a categoria desinfetante com 36,2% e, por último, a categoria risco e prevenção DAN. com 29,2%.Conclusões:O nível de conhecimento dos alunos sobre desinfecção é baixo, porque não estão suficientemente motivados ou interessados no tema da desinfecção[AU]

Conocimiento en estudiantes de enfermería sobre sepsis quirúrgico / Knowledge in nursing students about surgical sepsis

Objetivo: Determinar el nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes de enfermería de la Universidad Técnica de Ambato sobre sepsis quirúrgica. Material y método: La presente investigación tiene un diseño de desarrollo observacional, de tipo descriptivo, cohorte transversal, con un enfoque cuantitativo, ya que el nivel de cono-cimiento se verá representado mediante tablas y gráficos para des-cribir la problemática del periodo octubre 2023 febrero 2024. Re-sultados: Se evidencia un alto porcentaje de respuestas incorrectas por cada ítem por parte de los estudiantes. La categoría Nivel de Conocimiento sobre Definición de Sepsis, fue respondida de ma-nera incorrecta con un porcentaje del 83,9%, la categoría Nivel de Conocimiento sobre Diagnóstico de Sepsis obtuvo 51,7% y, por úl-timo, la Nivel de Conocimiento sobre Tratamiento de Sepsis con el 29,2%. Conclusiones: El nivel de conocimiento de los estudiantes sobre Sepsis Quirúrgica es malo, debido a que existe una subesti-mación de la gravedad de la sepsis como afección potencialmente mortal, lo que puede traer un impacto negativo en los pacientes[AU]

Objective: Determine the level of knowledge of nursing students at the Technical University of Ambato about surgical sepsis. Mate-rials and methods: This research has an observational, descriptive, transversal development design, with a quantitative approach since the level of knowledge will be represented through tables and gra-phs to describe the problems of the period October 2023-February 2024. Results: A high percentage of incorrect answers for each item by the students is evident. The category Level of Knowledge about Definition of Sepsis was answered incorrectly with a percentage of 83.9%, the category Level of Knowledge about Diagnosis of Sepsis obtained 51.7% and, finally, the category Level of Knowledge about Treatment of Sepsis. Sepsis with 29.2%. Conclusions: The level of knowledge of students about Surgical Sepsis is poor because there is an underestimation of the severity of sepsis as a potentially fatal condition, which can have a negative impact on patients[AU]

Objetivo: Determinar o nível de conhecimento dos estudantes de enfermagem da Universidade Técnica de Ambato sobre sepse ci-rúrgica. Material e método: Esta pesquisa possui desenho de coor-te observacional, descritivo, transversal, com abordagem quantita-tiva, uma vez que o nível de conhecimento será representado por meio de tabelas e gráficos para descrever o problema no período de outubro de 2023 a fevereiro de 2024. Resultados: Uma parada. É evidente o percentual de respostas incorretas para cada item por parte dos alunos. A categoria Nível de Conhecimento sobre Defi-nição de Sepse foi respondida incorretamente com percentual de 83,9%, a categoria Nível de Conhecimento sobre Diagnóstico de Sepse obteve 51,7% e por fim, a categoria Nível de Conhecimen-to sobre Tratamento de Sepse com 29,2%. Conclusões: O nível de conhecimento dos estudantes sobre a Sepse Cirúrgica é baixo, pois há uma subestimação da gravidade da sepse como uma condição potencialmente fatal, que pode ter um impacto negativo nos pa-cientes[AU]

Estudio cualitativo sobre información, confianza y acceso a la vacunación contra COVID-19 en adolescentes en un centro de salud de Buenos Aires / Qualitative study on information, trust in and access to COVID-19 vaccines among adolescents at a healthcare center in Buenos Aires

Introducción. En la adolescencia, se comienzan a tomar decisiones autónomas sobre la salud. En la vacunación intervienen dimensiones contextuales, grupales y relativas a cada vacuna. Se busca conocer el proceso de información, confianza y decisión de vacunarse contra COVID-19 en adolescentes usuarios de un centro de salud en Buenos Aires. Objetivos. Identificar ámbitos y canales a través de los cuales los adolescentes accedieron a información sobre la vacuna contra COVID-19 en un centro de salud de Buenos Aires. Describir sus opiniones respecto a los distintos discursos sobre vacunación. Describir su participación en la vacunación contra COVID-19. Identificar barreras y facilitadores respecto del acceso a la vacunación contra COVID-19 en esta población. Población y métodos. Investigación cualitativa. Se hicieron entrevistas semiestructuradas a adolescentes usuarios del efector. La muestra fue heterogénea; su tamaño se definió por saturación teórica. Se realizó un análisis temático de los datos. Resultados. Se realizaron 14 entrevistas. Los entrevistados recibieron información sobre la vacuna contra COVID-19 de sus familias, la televisión y las redes sociales. Todos recibieron tanto publicidad oficial como discursos reticentes a la vacunación. Analizaron la información recibida y formaron opinión autónoma. Su decisión sobre vacunarse no siempre fue respetada. La desconfianza, la baja percepción del riesgo, el temor a las inyecciones, las barreras administrativas y geográficas fueron motivos de no vacunación. Conclusiones. Se requieren estrategias de comunicación destinadas a adolescentes que promuevan su participación en el acceso a la vacunación.

Introduction. During adolescence, individuals start to make autonomous decisions about their health. Vaccination involves contextual, group, and vaccine-specific dimensions. We sought to know the information, trust, and decision to receive the COVID-19 vaccine among adolescents who attended a healthcare center in Buenos Aires. Objectives. To identify settings and channels through which adolescents accessed information about the COVID-19 vaccine at a healthcare center in Buenos Aires. To describe their opinions about the different statements on vaccination. To describe their participation in COVID-19 vaccination. To identify barriers and facilitators to COVID-19 vaccination in this population. Population and methods. Qualitative study. Semi-structured interviews with adolescents who attended this healthcare facility. The sample was heterogeneous; the sample size was estimated by theoretical saturation. A thematic analysis of data was done. Results. A total of 14 interviews were conducted. Interviewees obtained information about the COVID-19 vaccine from their families, TV, and social media. All received information from both official campaigns and anti-vaccine communications. They analyzed the information they received and formed their own opinion. Their decision about the vaccine was not always respected. Hesitancy, a low perception of risk, fear of needles, administrative and geographic barriers were reasons for not receiving the vaccine. Conclusions. Communication strategies targeted at adolescents are required that encourage their involvement in access to vaccination.

Cross-Sectional Evaluation of Health Insurance Knowledge and Self-Efficacy in Adolescents and Young Adults with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the status of health insurance knowledge and self-efficacy among adolescents and young adults with inflammatory bowel disease (AYA-IBD). STUDY DESIGN: English-proficient AYA-IBD ≥15 years receiving care at an academic pediatric practice were invited to perform the Kaiser Family Foundation survey on health information knowledge and the Health Insurance Literacy Measure. Analyses of responses by demographic factors were performed using nonparametric analyses and agreement analyses were performed to compare survey responses. RESULTS: Fifty AYA-IBD (60% 15-17 years old; 54% male; 76% White; 32% Hispanic) completed the surveys. Most AYA-IBD (58%) answered less than half the health insurance knowledge questions correctly. Reported ability and confidence in choosing and using health insurance was slight to moderate (median 2.8 on Likert scale of 1 [not at all confident] to 4 [very confident]). While health insurance knowledge scores did not vary by demographic factors, total health insurance self-efficacy increased with disease duration, and Hispanic participants reported reduced ability to select health insurance than non-Hispanic counterparts. CONCLUSIONS: AYA-IBD demonstrated suboptimal health insurance knowledge and self-efficacy. Our findings identify an important opportunity to provide health insurance education to help prepare all AYA-IBD to manage the costs of medical care during the transition process to adulthood.

Continence App® Impact on Puerperal Women's Knowledge, Attitude and Practice: Randomized Clinical Trial.

INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS: Enhancing women's knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) concerning urinary incontinence (UI) through diverse educational strategies has been a focal point for professionals in recent years. This study was aimed at assessing the impact of the educational application Continence App® on the KAP of postpartum women experiencing UI. We hypothesized that access to the app would lead to improved KAP among these women. METHODS: Postpartum women who had undergone vaginal birth, aged 18 years or above, literate, admitted in a maternity ward, delivered a full-term or large-for-gestational-age infant, and possessed a smartphone or compatible device for app usage were included. Changes in KAP were evaluated using a survey specifically designed for this purpose. The Mann-Whitney U test was employed to compare KAP scores between control and intervention groups, as well as between baseline and post-intervention assessments. RESULTS: Among the 542 women screened for eligibility, 349 were enrolled in the study, with 138 completing post-intervention assessments. The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age of participants was 25.9 (5.8) years. Post-intervention scores for knowledge and practice demonstrated a decline among non-app users, whereas a significant increase was observed among those in the intervention group. Attitudinal changes remained insignificant. CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the effectiveness of an app-based educational intervention in enhancing the knowledge and practice related to UI among postpartum women.

What do Brazilian paediatric dentists know about bruxism in children? Cross-sectional study.

PURPOSE: Little is known about the knowledge of paediatric dentists on bruxism in children. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to assess the knowledge of paediatric dentists on the concept, associated factors of bruxism and management of sleep bruxism (SB) in children'. METHODS: An electronic questionnaire was sent to paediatric dentists in the state of Goiás, Brazil. Information was collected on (1) characteristics of the participants; (2) the concept of bruxism; (3) diagnosis; (4) associated factors; (5) strategies for the management of SB; and (6) updated knowledge on bruxism in children. The data were analysed descriptively. RESULTS: Fifty-seven paediatric dentists participated (10.7% of the total number of professionals). A high level of agreement was found with statements on the concepts of SB (94.7%) and awake bruxism (96.5%). The main strategy for the diagnosis was the combination of a parental report and a clinical examination (79.0%). Most participants indicated that bruxism is associated with anxiety/stress (96.5%), screen use (93%), airway obstruction (91.2%), and sleep apnoea (91.2%). In suspected cases of bruxism, the dentists would send the child for assessment by other health care providers (87.7%). The management options frequently indicated were the use of an occlusal splint, aromatherapy, and homeopathy. More than 70% of them considered themselves to be updated on the issue and sought information through scientific articles and discussions with colleagues. CONCLUSION: Paediatric dentists have knowledge on the concept of bruxism and associated factors. However, further information is needed on the management of this condition in children.

Combining spaceborne lidar from the Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation with local knowledge for monitoring fragmented tropical landscapes: A case study in the forest-agriculture interface of Ucayali, Peru.

Improving our ability to monitor fragmented tropical ecosystems is a critical step in supporting the stewardship of these complex landscapes. We investigated the structural characteristics of vegetation classes in Ucayali, Peru, employing a co-production approach. The vegetation classes included three agricultural classes (mature oil palm, monocrop cacao, and agroforestry cacao plantations) and three forest regeneration classes (mature lowland forest, secondary lowland forest, and young lowland vegetation regrowth). We combined local knowledge with spaceborne lidar from NASA's Global Ecosystem Dynamics Investigation mission to classify vegetation and characterize the horizontal and vertical structure of each vegetation class. Mature lowland forest had consistently higher mean canopy height and lower canopy height variance than secondary lowland forest (µ = 29.40 m, sd = 6.89 m vs. µ = 20.82 m, sd = 9.15 m, respectively). The lower variance of mature forest could be attributed to the range of forest development ages in the secondary forest patches. However, secondary forests exhibited a similar vertical profile to mature forests, with each cumulative energy percentile increasing at similar rates. We also observed similar mean and standard deviations in relative height ratios (RH50/RH95) for mature forest, secondary forest, and oil palm even when removing the negative values from the relative height ratios and interpolating from above-ground returns only (mean RH50/RH95 of 0.58, 0.54, and 0.53 for mature forest, secondary forest, and oil palm, respectively) (p < .0001). This pattern differed from our original expectations based on local knowledge and existing tropical forest succession studies, pointing to opportunities for future work. Our findings suggest that lidar-based relative height metrics can complement local information and other remote sensing approaches that rely on optical imagery, which are limited by extensive cloud cover in the tropics. We show that characterizing ecosystem structure with a co-production approach can support addressing both the technical and social challenges of monitoring and managing fragmented tropical landscapes.

Knowledge of the Stress-Health Link as a Source of Resilience Among Mexicans in the Arizona Borderlands.

Mexicans who migrate to the United States endure significant stressors related to the migration process and social and environmental conditions of life in the United States. Given that chronic stress exposure has been linked to the onset of health conditions, these ecological factors may expose them to increased risk for poor health. However, Mexicans have many positive health outcomes compared to those monitored nationally, making it crucial to understand possible sources of resilience in this population. Here, we investigate Mexicans' lay health knowledge in response to stress as a possible source of health-related resilience. Health knowledge is considered a central facet of practical and traditional knowledge as well as adaptive modes of intelligence and has a tangible impact on health. Using an ethnographically grounded community-based participatory research design informed by the theory of embodiment, our hybrid team of bilingual university and community-based researchers interviewed Mexican-origin residents (N = 30) living in rural southwestern Arizona about how they experienced and responded to stress and incorporated it into their etiological frameworks. Thematic analysis revealed that participants paid close attention to how stress presented itself in their bodies, which informed their understanding of its potentially harmful health impacts and motivated them to employ multiple stress reduction strategies. Our results highlight the breadth of Mexicans' lay health knowledge, thereby challenging dominant narratives about low rates of health literacy in this population. Findings can be harnessed to optimize potential health protective effects in home and community settings as well as to inform preventive and clinical interventions.

[Knowledge and quality of life in chronic kidney disease and peritoneal dialysis]. / Conocimiento y calidad de vida en enfermedad renal crónica y diálisis peritoneal.

Background: Knowledge of one's own chronic kidney disease (CKD) can improve long-term quality of life (QoL). Peritoneal dialysis presents with residual symptoms that reduce the QoL. Objective: To correlate knowledge of the disease and QoL in patients with CKD and on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). Material and methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, and prospective study was carried out in patients with CKD treated at a second-level hospital of the Mexican Institute for Social Security (Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social) in Puebla. SF-36 and KiKS questionnaires were applied. Age, sex, education, marital status, perception of QoL, and level of knowledge were recorded. Descriptive statistics and Spearman's coefficient were used. Results: 199 patients with CKD in CAPD were included, 62.8% women, minimum age range was 18 to 20 years with 4% and maximum of 61 years or more with 49.2%, 35.6% of patients completed primary school, and 65.3% were married. The most frequent comorbidity was diabetes (57.2%). The least affected QoL domain was pain. KiKS recorded a mean of 0.54 (regular knowledge about the disease). It was recorded a weak and significant correlation in the QoL domains: physical health, physical role, pain, general health, mental health (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusions: There is a significant but weak correlation between the perception of QoL and the level of knowledge of the disease in CKD patients with CAPD.

Introducción: el conocimiento adecuado de la enfermedad renal crónica (ERC) puede mejorar la calidad de vida (CV) a largo plazo. La diálisis peritoneal cursa con síntomas residuales que reducen la CV. Objetivo: correlacionar el conocimiento de la enfermedad y la CV en pacientes con ERC y en diálisis peritoneal continua ambulatoria (DPCA). Material y métodos: se llevó a cabo un estudio descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo en pacientes con ERC atendidos en un hospital de segundo nivel de atención del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) en Puebla. Se les aplicaron los cuestionarios SF-36 y KiKS. Se registró edad, sexo, escolaridad, estado civil, percepción de calidad de vida, nivel de conocimiento. Se utilizó estadística descriptiva y coeficiente de Spearman. Resultados: se incluyeron 199 pacientes con ERC en DPCA, 62.8% mujeres, edad mínima de 18 a 20 años (4%) y máxima 61 años o más (49.2%), 35.6% de los pacientes cursó primaria completa, y 65.3% estaban casados. La comorbilidad más frecuente fue diabetes (57.2%). El dominio de CV menos afectado fue el dolor. El KiKS registró una media de 0.54 (conocimiento regular sobre la enfermedad). Se registró una correlación débil y significativa en los dominios de CV: salud física, rol físico, dolor, salud general, salud mental (p ≤ 0.05). Conclusiones: existe una correlación significativa pero débil entre la percepción de la CV y el nivel de conocimiento de la enfermedad en los pacientes con ERC con DPCA.

Nursing outcome "Knowledge: Wound management" for surgical incision wound care: Update, translate, and culturally adapt.

PURPOSE: This study has two objectives: (1) to identify the indicators of the nursing outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)" related to the evaluation of knowledge about the care of surgical wounds; (2) to translate and culturally adapt the nursing outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)" into Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish. METHODS: This is a methodological study with two steps. Initially, a scoping review was conducted based on the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute. Subsequently, the translation and cultural adaptation of the outcome were performed by adapting Beaton's recommendations, which included the label, definition, indicators, and measurement scale. FINDINGS: The review identified 31 indicators to evaluate knowledge about surgical wound care. Of these, 16 are described in the original outcome, and 15 new indicators are proposed to be included in the classification. Following this, the label, definition, indicators, and outcome measurement scale were reviewed, translated, and adapted with appropriate terminology for the cultural contexts of Brazil and Colombia. CONCLUSION: The outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)" for evaluating the knowledge of surgical wounds consists of 31 indicators, all supported by scientific literature. The translated and adapted versions into Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish were found to be equivalent to the original. It is inferred that the identified indicators and the translated versions of the outcome will provide nursing professionals with an accurate assessment of knowledge about surgical incision wound care in daily practice. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING PRACTICE: This study reviews the scientific literature on the outcome "Knowledge: Wound management (3209)," facilitating the comprehensive measurement of specific knowledge about the care of surgical wounds in practice, education, or research. Additionally, it makes available the translated and adapted versions of the outcome in Brazilian Portuguese and Colombian Spanish. PROPÓSITO: Este estudio tiene dos objetivos: (1) Identificar los indicadores del resultado de enfermería "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" relacionados a la evaluación del conocimiento sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgica; (2) traducir y adaptar culturalmente el resultado de enfermería "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" al portugués de Brasil y al español de Colombia. MÉTODOS: Estudio metodológico de dos pasos. Inicialmente, fue realizada una revisión de alcance orientados en la metodología de la Joanna Briggs Institute. Posteriormente, se realizó la traducción y adaptación cultural del resultado adaptando las recomendaciones de Beaton e incluyó la etiqueta, definición, indicadores y escala de medición. HALLAZGOS: En la revisión fueron identificados 31 indicadores para evaluar el conocimiento sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas. De los 31 indicadores, 16 son descritos en el resultado y 15 nuevos indicadores propuestos para ser incluidos en la clasificación. A continuación, la etiqueta, definición, indicadores y escala de medición del resultado fueron revisados, traducidas y adaptados con la terminología adecuada para los entornos culturales de Brasil y Colombia. CONCLUSIÓN: El resultado "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" para el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas está compuesto por 31 indicadores todos sustentados con la literatura científica. Las versiones traducidas y adaptadas al portugués de Brasil y al español de Colombia del resultado fueron equivalentes al original. Se infiere que los indicadores identificados y las versiones traducidas del resultado le proporcionaran al profesional de enfermería una evaluación precisa del conocimiento sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas en la práctica diaria. IMPLICACIONES PARA LA PRÁCTICA DE ENFERMERÍA: Este estudio revisa la literatura científica del resultado "Knowledge: Wound Management (3209)" favoreciendo la medición integral del conocimiento específico sobre el cuidado de las heridas quirúrgicas en la práctica, educación o investigación. Además, pone a disposición la versión traducida y adaptada del resultado en portugués de Brasil y en español de Colombia.

Do socioeconomic factors and local human preference determine the hybridization of knowledge in local medical systems?

BACKGROUND: Hybridization between the local medical systems (LMSs) and biomedicine has been the focus of different studies in ethnobiology, primarily due to the increasing access to biomedicine by indigenous peoples and local communities. Studies on hybridization allow for an understanding of the process of developing and evolving local knowledge systems. In this study, we propose a hybridization score to determine how individuals' socioeconomic characteristics and preference between LMS and biomedicine determine the complementarity of therapeutic options. METHODS: We conducted semistructured interviews and applied free listing technique in a rural community in Northeast Brazil to assess the treatments the local population sought and which were preferred. RESULTS: Our analyses showed that the level of schooling was the socioeconomic factor that negatively affected the hybridization process. Individuals with higher levels of schooling tended to prefer LMS strategies less and, consequently, showed a lower probability of hybridizing the two systems. Additionally, older people who preferred LMS strategies showed a greater tendency to adopt hybridization in human health-seeking behavior. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings provide further evidence of the complementarity between different medical systems and demonstrate that socioeconomic factors can affect local knowledge and are responsible for differences in individual propensity to hybridize distinct medical systems.

Exploring the Impact of a Persuasive Serious Video Game (Farmily) on Promoting Home Gardening Among Novices: Design and Randomized Controlled Trial.

BACKGROUND: Home gardens worldwide provide sustenance, economic support, and access to fresh produce and promote household well-being, health, self-sufficiency, and food security. However, they face significant challenges worldwide and necessitate innovative promotion approaches. Serious video games have proven effective in promoting agricultural knowledge. However, more research is needed on the persuasive potential of agriculture games to influence players' thoughts, attitudes, and behaviors. This provides an opportunity to examine the impact of persuasive games on promoting home gardening among novices. OBJECTIVE: This study aims to describe the design and development of Farmily, a persuasive video game promoting home gardening among novices. In addition, it evaluated the effectiveness of Farmily and compared its impact with that of a traditional home gardening workshop. Furthermore, the study explored how game enjoyment relates to the game's outcomes. METHODS: A randomized controlled trial with 50 novice gardening participants aged 20 to 50 years was carried out. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group (1.5-hour workshop) or an experimental group (1.5-hour Farmily session). Pre- and postintervention assessments were conducted. We evaluated Farmily's impact on knowledge, attitudes, perceived self-efficacy, and intentions regarding initiating home gardens. In addition, we investigated the user enjoyment and its relationship with the game's effect outcomes. RESULTS: The experimental group significantly improved their knowledge (t24=4.26; P<.001), attitude (z24=2.98; P=.003), self-efficacy (t24=2.6; P=.02), and intention to initiate home gardens (z24=4.15; P<.001). The experimental group showed similar effectiveness in knowledge transfer (t24=-1.71; P=.09) and a more significant impact on attitude (z24=2.73; P=.006), self-efficacy (t24=2.21; P=.03), and intention to start a home garden (t24=-5.33; P<.001) than the control group. Farmily was well received by the intervention group, generating high enjoyment. Furthermore, user enjoyment substantially correlated with user attitudes (r23=0.72; P<.001) and self-efficacy (r23=0.67; P<.001), yet no discernible association was observed among user enjoyment, knowledge (r23=0.26; P=.20), and intention (r23=0.06; P=.77). CONCLUSIONS: Evidence indicates that Farmily appears to be a viable tool for promoting home gardening among novices in the short term. Farmily demonstrated similar effects in knowledge improvement to those of a traditional workshop and had a more significant impact on the other variables. In addition, we found that the player's gaming experience positively relates to the player's attitudes and self-efficacy. A well-powered randomized controlled trial with more diverse samples and extended follow-up periods will be conducted to establish the long-term efficacy of Farmily and gain a deeper understanding of the influence of enjoyment on game outcomes.

Research evidence communication for policy-makers: a rapid scoping review on frameworks, guidance and tools, and barriers and facilitators.

BACKGROUND: Communication is a multifaceted process, ranging from linear, one-way approaches, such as transmitting a simple message, to continuous exchanges and feedback loops among stakeholders. In particular the COVID-19 pandemic underscored the critical need for timely, effective and credible evidence communication to increase awareness, levels of trust, and evidence uptake in policy and practice. However, whether to improve policy responses in crises or address more commonplace societal challenges, comprehensive guidance on evidence communication to decision-makers in health policies and systems remains limited. Our objective was to identify and systematize the global evidence on frameworks, guidance and tools supporting effective communication of research evidence to facilitate knowledge translation and evidence-informed policy-making processes, while also addressing barriers and facilitators. METHODS: We conducted a rapid scoping review following the Joanna Briggs Manual. Literature searches were performed across eight indexed databases and two sources of grey literature, without language or time restrictions. The methodological quality of included studies was assessed, and a narrative-interpretative synthesis was applied to present the findings. RESULTS: We identified 16 documents presenting either complete frameworks or framework components, including guidance and tools, aimed at supporting evidence communication for policy development. These frameworks outlined strategies, theoretical models, barriers and facilitators, as well as insights into policy-makers' perspectives, communication needs, and preferences. Three primary evidence communication strategies, comprising eleven sub-strategies, emerged: "Health information packaging", "Targeting and tailoring messages to the audience", and "Combined communication strategies". Based on the documented barriers and facilitators at micro, meso and macro levels, critical factors for successful communication of evidence to policy-makers were identified. CONCLUSIONS: Effective communication is indispensable for facilitating knowledge translation and evidence-informed policy-making. Nonetheless gaps persist in frameworks designed to enhance research communication to policy-makers, particularly regarding the effectiveness of multiple communication strategies. To advance in this field, the development of comprehensive frameworks incorporating implementation strategies is warranted. Additionally, barriers and facilitators to implementing effective communication must be recognized and addressed taking diverse contexts into consideration. Registration https://zenodo.org/record/5578550.

The pivotal role of clinical tutorial teaching in knowledge construction.

Students' new knowledge is gradually built up in the context of the task for which it is required and consolidated by applying it to clinical cases. As students see more and more clinical cases the knowledge emerges from an associative mesh of different levels of understanding. During tutorial clinical teaching, residents should be gradually exposed to an increasing range of real-world learning tasks and increasing levels of complexity. This exposure allows them to gradually develop shortcuts in the retrieval of their knowledge. This commentary provides a rationale for the construction of knowledge and the pivotal role that clinical tutorial teaching plays in this task.

Macroecological correlates of Darwinian shortfalls across terrestrial vertebrates.

Most described species have not been explicitly included in phylogenetic trees-a problem named the Darwinian shortfall-owing to a lack of molecular and/or morphological data, thus hampering the explicit incorporation of evolution into large-scale biodiversity analyses. We investigate potential drivers of the Darwinian shortfall in tetrapods, a group in which at least one-third of described species still lack phylogenetic data, thus necessitating the imputation of their evolutionary relationships in fully sampled phylogenies. We show that the number of preserved specimens in scientific collections is the main driver of phylogenetic knowledge accumulation, highlighting the major role of biological collections in unveiling novel biodiversity data and the importance of continued sampling efforts to reduce knowledge gaps. Additionally, large-bodied and wide-ranged species, as well as terrestrial and aquatic amphibians and reptiles, are phylogenetically better known. Future efforts should prioritize phylogenetic research on organisms that are narrow-ranged, small-bodied and underrepresented in scientific collections, such as fossorial species. Addressing the Darwinian shortfall will be imperative for advancing our understanding of evolutionary drivers shaping biodiversity patterns and implementing comprehensive conservation strategies.

Development and Preliminary Validation of a Scale to Measure Perceived Therapist's Knowledge about Gender Identity Diversity among Trans and Non-Binary Individuals in Puerto Rico.

This study aimed to describe the development of the Perceived Therapist's Knowledge about Gender Identity Diversity Scale and to preliminarily validate this scale by describing its psychometric properties. This research instrument was constructed based on the existing literature and recommendations for instrument development. Initially, a 36-item scale was devised to assess perceived openness and knowledge about gender identity diversity in therapy. The content validation process involved 12 expert judges, leading to a refined 25-item scale. Participants consisting of 57 trans and non-binary Puerto Rican individuals completed the scale. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a unidimensional structure, supporting a single factor named "perceived knowledge about gender identity diversity in therapy." The final scale demonstrated excellent reliability (α = 0.978; Sα = 0.980; ω = 0.979), indicating strong internal consistency. This validated scale contributes to assessing primarily Hispanic trans and non-binary individuals' perceptions of their therapists' knowledge about gender identity diversity.

Understanding the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America: challenges and opportunities to integrate genetics into conservation practices.

Introduction: Integrating genetic data into conservation management decisions is a challenging task that requires strong partnerships between researchers and managers. Conservation in Latin America is of crucial relevance worldwide given the high biodiversity levels and the presence of hotspots in this region. Methods: We conducted a survey across Latin America to identify gaps and opportunities between genetic researchers and conservation managers. We aimed to better understand conservation managers' points of view and how genetic research could help conservation practitioners to achieve their goals, by implementing genetic assessments that could effectively inform conservation practices. We distributed an online survey via four regional collaborating organizations and 32 focal points based in 20 Latin American countries. The target respondents were conservation managers of species or areas in Latin America. Results: We collected a total of 468 answered questionnaires from 21 Latin American countries. Most respondents (44%) were from an academic or research institution while non-academics were mainly from non-governmental institutions (30%) and government agencies (25%). Most respondents (65%) have performed or used genetic assessments in their managed area or species, either alone, in partnership, contracting someone else or using published results. For the majority of this group, the genetic results were relevant to their conservation management goals, helping to inform management decisions. Respondents that had not performed genetic assessments (35%) were mainly from the non-academic group, and their main barriers were limited access to funds, genetic lab facilities, and trained personnel to design studies and conduct lab work. Discussion: From the findings, we describe the current situation and provide a general diagnosis of the conservation-genetics gap in Latin America. We describe the gender gap, academic-practitioner co-development of conservation questions and projects, and the nationality and residency of Latin American conservation managers in relation to the countries where they work. We discuss opportunities to co-create research questions and co-develop studies based on conservation practitioners' needs. We offer recommendations for overcoming barriers to integrate genetic information into conservation actions, and advance agendas that fit the needs and realities of the highly heterogeneous, biodiverse and challenging Latin American region.

Anal cancer risk and HPV infection knowledge and awareness among Hispanic persons living with HIV in Puerto Rico.

Background: Persons living with HIV (PLWH) have a higher risk of persistent infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and anal cancer. We evaluated knowledge and awareness of HPV infection and risk factors for anal cancer among PLWH in Puerto Rico (PR). Methods: Data from a cross-sectional study (2020-2021) were analyzed (n=212). Inclusion criteria included PLWH, aged ≥ 26 years, and living in PR. Telephone interviews collected information on sociodemographic, lifestyle and clinical characteristics. Two 13-item scales were used to assess knowledge of HPV and anal cancer risk factors; adequate knowledge for both scales were defined as scoring >70%. Logistic regression models using generalized linear models were used to determine the association between 1) HPV infection awareness, 2) HPV infection knowledge, and 3) Anal cancer risk factors knowledge. Results: The median age was 54 years (IQR: 46,58), 67.5% were male, 71.7% reported having an income <$20,000, and 54.3% had an education level of more than high school. HPV awareness was high (82.1%), but only 40.2% and 3.8% had adequate knowledge of HPV and anal cancer risk factors, respectively. In adjusted logistic regression models, men who have sex with men (OR: 1.26, 95%CI: 1.07-1.47) and women (OR: 1.35, 95%CI: 1.15-1.59) aged ≥50 years had higher odds of HPV awareness than heterosexual men in that age group. Moreover, those with history of anal Pap test aged <50 years had more HPV awareness (OR 1.34, 95%CI: 1.08-1.66) than their counterparts. Adequate HPV knowledge was higher among participants with an education level of more than high-school (OR:1.28, 95%CI: 1.10-1.50) and with a history of HPV diagnosis (OR:1.33, 95%CI: 1.08-1.65) than their counterparts. In addition, people with good/very good/excellent health perception had higher odds of HPV knowledge (OR:1.23, 95%CI: 1.03-1.47) than those who reported poor/regular health perception. For anal cancer risk factors, PLWH for ≥15 years had increased odds of having adequate knowledge (OR:1.07, 95%CI: 1.02-1.14) than their counterparts. Conclusions: Despite high awareness of HPV, limited knowledge about HPV and anal cancer risk factors was observed among PLWH. Results from our study highlight the need for educational efforts within this population as an anal cancer prevention strategy.

Educational intervention on perceived stress among adults with type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome: a non-randomized clinical trial.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of Virtual Teaching (VT) Programme regarding palliative care on knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel working in selected hospitals of North India. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with non-equivalent control group pre-test-post-test design was conducted on 121 Nursing Personnel, selected by convenient sampling technique. Knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude were assessed using structured knowledge questionnaire, Palliative Care Self-efficacy Scale, and Frommelt Attitudes toward care of dying scale respectively. Nursing personnel in experimental group received Virtual Teaching Programme regarding palliative care whereas those in comparison group received conventional teaching (CT). The study included a pre-test followed by the teaching (virtual/ conventional) on day one. The post-test was conducted on 15th day after the intervention. Results: The results showed that there was a significant difference in mean post-test knowledge (VT group: 17.11 to CT group: 25.05; t=9.25, p<0.001), self-efficacy (VT group: 39.27 to CT group: 43.38; t=6.39, p<0.001) and attitude (VT group: 108.86 to CT group: 133.23; t=9.27, p<0.001) scores between virtual teaching group and conventional teaching group. ANCOVA test revealed statistically significant differences in the mean scores of knowledge [F (1.11) = 86.61, p<0.001], self-efficacy [F (1.11) = 841.75, p<0.001] and attitude [F (1.11) = 82.92, p<0.001] between the groups, with higher means obtained in the CT group. Conclusion: Virtual Teaching programme and Conventional teaching both were effective in enhancing the knowledge, self-efficacy and attitude among Nursing Personnel regarding palliative care with conventional teaching being more effective.

Investigation of environmental ethics, spiritual health, and its relationship with environmental protection behaviors in nursing students.

Objective: To investigate the relationship between environmental ethics, spiritual health, and environmental behavior among nursing students. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 200 iranian students from the Chabahar Nursing School were selected using a simple random sampling method. The data collection tool included a questionnaire on demographic information, knowledge, attitudes and behaviors towards the environment, environmental ethics, and spiritual health. Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) was utilized to evaluate the conceptual framework in this study. Results: The mean score for environmental ethics among nursing students was 65.73±10.61 out of 100. Most of the students (47%) had desirable environmental ethics. The knowledge structure (ß=0.46) predicted attitude. The attitude structure also predicted environmental behavior (ß=0.28) and spiritual health (ß=0.31). Ultimately, the results showed that spiritual health and environmental ethics predict environmental behavior directly and indirectly (p<0.001). Conclusion: Spiritual health and environmental ethics were strong predictors of environmental behavior. Therefore, it is necessary to take into account not only students' spiritual health but also their ethical behaviors to promote environmental protection behaviors in the future.