Advantages of organ-sparing treatment approaches in metastatic kidney cancer.

PURPOSE: This study analyzed oncological outcomes of patients with metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treated with cytoreductive partial nephrectomy or nephrectomy. METHODS: This prospective non-randomized cohort study included 109 patients with metastatic ccRCC who underwent surgical treatment between 2011 and 2020. Patients were stratified into cytoreductive partial nephrectomy or nephrectomy groups. Survival curves were estimated, and Cox-regression analysis was performed to identify factors affecting potential lethality. RESULTS: The groups differed significantly in terms of T stage and International metastatic RCC database consortium (IMDC) risk groups, but not international society of urological pathology (ISUP) grading. The average blood loss volume was higher in the partial nephrectomy group. In contrast, the duration of post-operative stay, complication rate; and 30-day hospital readmission rate were similar between two groups. There was a significant difference in overall survival in favor of the partial nephrectomy group, who had better 7-year survival rates. Standardization based on the clinical complexity of the patients showed that cytoreductive partial nephrectomy was associated with a lower risk of death compared to nephrectomy. CONCLUSION: Partial nephrectomy is a safe method of choice in patients with metastatic ccRCC. Kidney preservation in a metastatic setting can play a role in reducing potential adverse systemic therapy events and in decreasing the risk for concomitant pathology deterioration.

Selecting stage ypT0-1N0 for locally advanced rectal cancer following preoperative chemoradiotherapy: implications for potential candidates of organ-sparing management.

AIM: Local excision or a wait-and-see policy may offer the possibility of organ preservation for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) after preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Identifying associated factors of good responders (GR) with stage ypT0-1N0 would probably influence the selection of potential candidates who were theoretically eligible for organ-sparing management. This study was to establish a scoring system to select stage ypT0-1N0 for LARC following preoperative CRT. METHOD: Between 2009 and 2014, 262 patients with middle and low LARC were treated with CRT and radical surgery. Clinicopathological data which were found to be significantly associated with GR were incorporated into a scoring system. RESULTS: Fifty-seven (21.8%) patients were GR with stage ypT0-1N0 in the operative specimen. Multivariate analyses indicated that a low level of pretreatment carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and post-treatment CEA <2.55 ng/ml (P = 0.008 and P = 0.009 respectively) and long-axis diameter of residual tumours (P = 0.006) were independently associated with stage ypT0-1N0. The three factors were incorporated into a scoring system. Using receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, we determined a cutoff value of -0.3 for scores, at which the system's sensitivity was 71.9% and specificity 73.1%. When applied to testing samples, the sensitivity was 74.1% and specificity 76.2%. CONCLUSION: We demonstrated that low levels of pretreatment and post-treatment CEA and the long-axis diameter of residual tumours were associated with stage ypT0-1N0 for LARC after CRT. Therefore, the three-factor scoring system may be used to select potential candidates for organ-sparing management.