O fluxo imigratório do distrito do Porto para o estado do Pará: borracha, conflitos, epidemias e gênero (1834-1930) / Immigration flux from the district of Porto to the state of Pará: rubber, conflicts, epidemics and gender (1834-1930) / El flujo migratorio del distrito de Oporto hacia el estado de Pará: caucho, conflictos, epidemias y género (1834-1930)

O artigo analisa a imigração do distrito do Porto, Portugal, para o estado do Pará, Brasil, entre 1834 e 1930, por meio dos registros de passaporte do Governo Civil do Porto. Observa-se o fluxo ao longo das décadas, ressaltando as questões econômicas e sociais que movimentaram esses deslocamentos, assim como aspectos pontuais, como epidemias e conflitos sociais, com destaque para a Revolta Cabana, em escala local, e a Primeira Guerra Mundial, em nível global. É analisada a influência dos acompanhantes dos titulares dos passaportes e da reemigração no fluxo de migrantes. Também investiga-se o perfil dos imigrantes quanto à origem e naturalidade por distrito e concelho português. Por fim, o artigo problematiza a migração feminina e as questões de gênero que a envolvem, apontando para a assimetria dos deslocamentos de mulheres, sempre em menor quantidade em relação aos homens, mas com crescimento nas primeiras décadas do século XX.

The article analyzes immigration from the Porto district to Pará, between 1834 and 1930, through passport records from the Civil Government of Porto. It observes the flow through the decades, emphasizing the economic and social issues associated to these displacements as well as specific aspects such as epidemics and social conflicts, highlighting the "Revolta da Cabanagem" (Cabanagem Rebellion) on a local scale and the First World War on a global scale. It analyzes the influence of passport holders' companions and re-migration on migrants' flows, followed by research into the profile of the immigrants regarding origin and the naturality by district and Portuguese "concelhos". Finally, the article problematizes female migration and the gender issues it involves, pointing to the asymmetry of women's displacement, always smaller in relation to men, but showing growth in the first decades of the twentieth century.

El artículo analiza la inmigración del distrito de Oporto hacia Pará, entre los años 1834 y 1930, a través de los registros de pasaporte del Gobierno Civil de Oporto. Observa el flujo a través de las décadas y resalta las cuestiones económicas y sociales que impulsaran esos desplazamientos, así como aspectos puntuales como epidemias y conflictos sociales, con énfasis en la Revolta da Cabanagem (Revuelta de Cabanagem) a escala local y en la Primera Guerra Mundial a escala global. Analiza la influencia de los acompañantes de los titulares de pasaportes y de la reemigración en el flujo de migrantes. Sigue investigando el perfil de los inmigrantes en cuanto al origen y naturalidad por distrito y concelho portugués. Por último, problematiza la migración femenina y las cuestiones de género que la envuelven, apuntando a la asimetría de los desplazamientos de mujeres, siempre en menor cantidad en relación con los de los hombres, pero con crecimiento en las primeras décadas del siglo XX.

Doping control analysis at the Rio 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games.

This paper summarises the results obtained from the doping control analyses performed during the Summer XXXI Olympic Games (August 3-21, 2016) and the XV Paralympic Games (September 7-18, 2016). The analyses of all doping control samples were performed at the Brazilian Doping Control Laboratory (LBCD), a World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA)-accredited laboratory located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. A new facility at Rio de Janeiro Federal University (UFRJ) was built and fully operated by over 700 professionals, including Brazilian and international scientists, administrative staff, and volunteers. For the Olympic Games, 4913 samples were analysed. In 29 specimens, the presence of a prohibited substance was confirmed, resulting in adverse analytical findings (AAFs). For the Paralympic Games, 1687 samples were analysed, 12 of which were reported as AAFs. For both events, 82.8% of the samples were urine, and 17.2% were blood samples. In total, more than 31 000 analytical procedures were conducted. New WADA technical documents were fully implemented; consequently, state-of-the-art analytical toxicology instrumentation and strategies were applied during the Games, including different types of mass spectrometry (MS) analysers, peptide, and protein detection strategies, endogenous steroid profile measurements, and blood analysis. This enormous investment yielded one of the largest Olympic legacies in Brazil and South America. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Biometría hemática en el control médico del entrenamiento de deportistas cubanos de alto rendimiento / Hematic biometry in medical training monitoring of cuban high-performance athletes

Introducción: el control médico del entrenamiento deportivo lleva implícita la medición de parámetros hematológicos y de los índices eritrocitarios, incluido el conteo de reticulocitos, además de controles bioquímicos para velar por el estado de salud del deportista y obtener mejores resultados deportivos.Objetivo: analizar el comportamiento de las variables de los estudios hematológicos realizados a los deportistas de las preselecciones que participaron en los juegos Panamericanos Guadalajara 2011.Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal que tuvo como universo a 804 deportistas de alto nivel que integraban las preselecciones nacionales que se preparaban para constituir los equipos nacionales que participarían en los Juegos Panamericanos en Guadalajara, México, 2011. A todos se les realizó el perfil hematológico como parte del pasaporte biológico establecido para este tipo de competición. Además, a 328 se les realizó electroforesis de hemoglobina.Resultados: se encontraron cifras de hemoglobina y hematocrito significativamente más bajas en el sexo femenino. La concentración de hemoglobina corpuscular media presentó diferencias significativas por grupo de deporte. En los deportistas a quienes se les realizó electroforesis de hemoglobina se encontraron 15 AS.Conclusiones: los hallazgos de esta investigación son de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de la salud de los deportistas de alto rendimiento sometidos a fuertes cargas físicas de trabajo(AU)

Introduction: medical management of sports training implies the measurement of hematological parameters, red cell indices, reticulocyte count and biochemical controls to care for the athletes´ health condition and to obtain higher sports scores. Objective: to analyze the behavior of the variables in hematological studies of athletes who participated in the presets Pan American Games Guadalajara 2011. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a universe of 804 high-performance athletes from national teams, who were training to participate in the Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico, 2011. Hematological profile was performed as part of the biological passport established for this type of competition. Additionally, a hemoglobin electrophoresis was carried out in 328 of them. Results: significantly lower hemoglobin and hematocrit figures were found in females. The Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) showed significant differences by group of sports. In athletes who underwent electrophoresis, Hb 15 AS were found. Conclusions: the findings of this research are useful for diagnosis and health monitoring of athletes of high-performance, under heavy physical workloads.

Biometría hemática en el control médico del entrenamiento de deportistas cubanos de alto rendimiento / Hematic biometry in medical training monitoring of cuban high-performance athletes

Introducción: el control médico del entrenamiento deportivo lleva implícita la medición de parámetros hematológicos y de los índices eritrocitarios, incluido el conteo de reticulocitos, además de controles bioquímicos para velar por el estado de salud del deportista y obtener mejores resultados deportivos. Objetivo: analizar el comportamiento de las variables de los estudios hematológicos realizados a los deportistas de las preselecciones que participaron en los juegos Panamericanos Guadalajara 2011. Método: se realizó un estudio descriptivo transversal que tuvo como universo a 804 deportistas de alto nivel que integraban las preselecciones nacionales que se preparaban para constituir los equipos nacionales que participarían en los Juegos Panamericanos en Guadalajara, México, 2011. A todos se les realizó el perfil hematológico como parte del pasaporte biológico establecido para este tipo de competición. Además, a 328 se les realizó electroforesis de hemoglobina. Resultados: se encontraron cifras de hemoglobina y hematocrito significativamente más bajas en el sexo femenino. La concentración de hemoglobina corpuscular media presentó diferencias significativas por grupo de deporte. En los deportistas a quienes se les realizó electroforesis de hemoglobina se encontraron 15 AS. Conclusiones: los hallazgos de esta investigación son de gran utilidad para el diagnóstico y seguimiento de la salud de los deportistas de alto rendimiento sometidos a fuertes cargas físicas de trabajo(AU)

Introduction: medical management of sports training implies the measurement of hematological parameters, red cell indices, reticulocyte count and biochemical controls to care for the athletes´ health condition and to obtain higher sports scores. Objective: to analyze the behavior of the variables in hematological studies of athletes who participated in the presets Pan American Games Guadalajara 2011. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out with a universe of 804 high-performance athletes from national teams, who were training to participate in the Pan American Games in Guadalajara, Mexico, 2011. Hematological profile was performed as part of the biological passport established for this type of competition. Additionally, a hemoglobin electrophoresis was carried out in 328 of them. Results: significantly lower hemoglobin and hematocrit figures were found in females. The Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC) showed significant differences by group of sports. In athletes who underwent electrophoresis, Hb 15 AS were found. Conclusions: the findings of this research are useful for diagnosis and health monitoring of athletes of high-performance, under heavy physical workloads(AU)