Ultra-small platinum nano-enzymatic spray with ROS scavenging and anti-inflammatory properties for photoaging treatment.

Photoaging induced by ultraviolet (UV) results in oxidative stress and inflammation. Noble metal nanozymes have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory capacity, which are expected to eliminate the excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammatory factors in the photoaged skin. Hence, we have synthesized ultrasmall platinum nanoparticles coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (Pt NPs) with a diameter of nearly 5 nm for photoaging treatment. Thanks to multi-enzymatic capacities (catalase, peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) of Pt NPs, they can effectively protect fibroblasts from UV-induced ROS attack, relieve fibroblasts from UV-induced cell cycle arrest, downregulate matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) to regenerate type I collagen, and inhibit M1 macrophage polarization to decrease the expression of inflammatory factors. For photoaged mice treatment, we employ the concept of routine spray skincare and encapsulate Pt NPs solution in a spray bottle. In combination with roller needle, following Pt NPs nano-enzymatic spray given, UV-induced photoaged mice display reduced wrinkle formation in the collagen-depleted dermal tissue of mice and more youthful performance in both appearance and organizational structure. Consequently, multi-enzymatic functions of Pt NPs nano-spray offers a promising avenue for anti-photoaging therapy, providing potential benefits in both preventative and restorative skincare applications.

Assessing Mechanochemical Properties of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) Items in Cultural Heritage Through a Multimodal Spectroscopic Approach.

A multimodal spectroscopic approach is proposed to correlate the mechanical and chemical properties of plastic materials in art and design objects, at both surface and subsurface levels, to obtain information about their conservation state and to monitor their degradation. The approach was used to investigate the photo-oxidation of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), a plastic commonly found in many artistic and design applications, using ABS-based LEGO bricks as model samples. The modifications of the chemical and viscoelastic properties of ABS during photoaging were monitored by correlative Brillouin and Raman microspectroscopy (BRaMS), combined with portable and noninvasive broad-range external reflection infrared (IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxometry, directly applicable in museums. BRaMS enabled combined measurements of Brillouin light scattering and Raman spectroscopy in a microspectroscopic setup, providing for the coincident probe of the chemical and mechanical changes of ABS at the sample surface. NMR relaxometry allowed for noninvasive measurements of relaxation times and depth profiles which are directly related to the molecular mobility of the material. Complementary chemical information was acquired by external reflection IR spectroscopy. The simultaneous probe of the chemical and mechanical properties by this multimodal spectroscopic approach enabled us to define a decay model of ABS in terms of compositional changes and variation of stiffness and rigidity occurring with photodegradation. The knowledge acquired on LEGO samples has been used to rate the conservation state of ABS design objects noninvasively investigated by external reflection Fourier transform IR spectroscopy and NMR relaxometry offered by the MObile LABoratory (MOLAB) platform of the European Research Infrastructure of Heritage Science.

The m6A writer KIAA1429 regulates photoaging progression via MFAP4-dependent collagen synthesis.

BACKGROUND: N6-Methyladenosine (m6A) methylation, a common form of RNA modification, play an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases and in the ontogeny of organisms. Nevertheless, the precise function of m6A methylation in photoaging remains unknown. OBJECTIVES: This study aims to investigate the biological role and underlying mechanism of m6A methylation in photoaging. METHODS: m6A dot blot, Real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), western blot and immunohistochemical (IHC) assays were employed to detect the m6A level and specific m6A methylase in ultraviolet ray (UVR)-induced photoaging tissue. The profile of m6A-tagged mRNA was identified by methylated RNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeRIP-seq) and RNA-seq analysis. Finally, we investigated the regulatory mechanism of KIAA1429 by MeRIP-qPCR, RNA knockdown and immunofluorescence assay. RESULTS: m6A levels were increased in photoaging and were closely associated with the upregulation of KIAA1429 expression. 1331 differentially m6A methylated genes were identified in the UVR group compared with the control group, of which 1192 (90%) were hypermethylated. Gene ontology analysis showed that genes with m6A hypermethylation and mRNA downregulation were mainly involved in extracellular matrix metabolism and collagen metabolism-related processes. Furthermore, KIAA1429 knockdown abolished the downregulation of TGF-bRII and upregulation of MMP1 in UVR-irradiated human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs). Mechanically, we identified MFAP4 as a target of KIAA1429-mediated m6A modification and KIAA1429 might suppress collagen synthesis through an m6A-MFAP4-mediated process. CONCLUSIONS: The increased expression of KIAA1429 hinders collagen synthesis during UVR-induced photoaging, suggesting that KIAA1429 represents a potential candidate for targeted therapy to mitigate UVR-driven photoaging.

Trifarotene alleviates skin photoaging injury by inhibition of JNK/c-Jun/MMPs.

Long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation induces skin photoaging, which manifests as oxidative stress, inflammation, and collagen degradation. Multiple approaches (topical or systemic retinoids, antioxidants, alpha-hydroxy acids, laser, surgery) are used in the treatment of photoaged skin, and the use of topical retinoids is currently a primary clinical treatment. Previous studies revealed that retinoic acid promotes keratinocyte proliferation and reduces melanin deposition and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) secretion; it also causes potential allergic and inflammatory damage to the skin. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects and mechanisms of trifarotene, a functional retinoic acid analog, on UV-irradiated photoaging ICR and BALB/c nude mice and UVB photodamaged human epidermal keratinocyte (HaCaT) cells by examining indicators such as collagen, oxidoreductase, and inflammatory factor presence through histochemical staining, Western blot, and ELISA. Results suggested that trifarotene significantly reduced UV-induced photoaging in mouse skin tissue, potentially by reducing oxidative stress damage and inflammatory factor release, and inhibiting melanin deposition and collagen degradation by downregulating MMP expression. Concentrations of malondialdehyde, tyrosinase, interleukin-6, interleukin- 12, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in photoaged skin decreased, while SOD content in photodamaged HaCaT cells significantly increased. Trifarotene (3.3 µmol L-1) inhibited phosphorylated JNK and c-Jun expression both independently and collaboratively with the JNK activator anisomycin, demonstrating that trifarotene mitigates UV-induced collagen degradation and apoptosis through inhibition of the JNK/c-Jun/MMPs signaling pathway.

Recombinant collagen for the repair of skin wounds and photo-aging damage.

The skin, being the body's primary defense mechanism, is susceptible to various injuries such as epidermal wounds, natural aging, and ultraviolet-induced damage. As a result, there is growing interest in researching skin repair methods. Traditional animal-derived collagen, widely available on the market, poses risks due to its immunogenicity and potential for viral contamination. In contrast, recombinant collagen sourced from human genes offers a safer alternative. To investigate the potential of human recombinant collagen in skin repair, our research team applied two types, type I human collagen (Col I) and CF-1552(I), to two different skin injury models: a wound-healing model and a photo-aging model. Our findings indicate that both Col I and CF-1552(I) effectively enhance wound healing and repair skin damaged by ultraviolet exposure. Notably, CF-1552(I) showed effects comparable to Col I in promoting cell proliferation in the wound-healing model and increasing malondialdehyde content in the photo-aging model, suggesting that CF-1552(I) may offer greater potential for skin repair compared to the larger Col I molecule.

Effect of Photoaging on the Structure, Optical Properties and Roughness of One-Shade Composite Restoratives.

The aim of the study was to evaluate changes in the degree of C=C conversion (DC%), chemical structure, optical properties and roughness of one-shade composites before/after photoaging. Τhe one-shade materials tested were Charisma Topaz One (CHT), Clearfil Majesty ES-2 Universal (MES), Essentia Universal (ESU) and Omnichroma (OMN), with G-aenial Anterior (CNA) serving as control. Specimens (2 mm thickness) were prepared and tested for DC% and chemical structure (ATR-FTIR spectroscopy), optical properties (L*a*b*-ΔΕ, translucency parameter-TP, opalescence parameter-OP, contrast ratio-CR and total transmittance-TT by UV-Vis spectroscopy) and roughness (Sa, Sz, Sdr, Sds and Sc by optical profilometry) before and after photoaging (Xe-arc weatherometer). Significant differences were found in DC% between top-bottom surfaces (ESU, OMN before; ESU, CNA after). Photoaging improved DC%, reduced ester peaks implying photodegradation, reduced L* (CHT, OMN, CNA), a* (CHT, CNA), b* (OMN, CNA), TP (all, except for MES), OP (only MES), CR (only MES, but an increase in CNA) and TT (CHT, OMN). OMN, CNA and MES demonstrated ΔΕ > 3.3. Photoaging significantly increased all roughness parameters in all materials, except for MES (Sz, Sdr, Sc) and OMN (Sdr). Although listed in the same group, significant differences were found in one-shade composites before and after photoaging. Several products were strongly affected by photoaging, demonstrating evidence of photodegradation, an increased roughness and color changes exceeding the clinically acceptable levels.

Ameliorative effect of transfersome gel of kepok banana peel extract (Musa balbisiana) against photoaging in Wistar rat skin.

Background: Repeated acute exposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) rays can cause photoaging. Musa balbisiana peel contains flavonoid compounds which act as antioxidants. However, the physicochemicals of flavonoids are unstable, have high molecular weight, and are easily oxidized, causing their use is still limited and transdermal delivery to be inefficient. Aim: To investigate the ameliorative effect of transfersome gel of M. balbisiana peels against photoaging in Wistar rat skin. Methods: Transfersome gel was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In vivo research was used to determine the ameliorative effects of M. balbisiana peel. The composition of transfersome consists of ethanol extracts of M. balbisiana peel, soybean phosphatidylcholine, and tween 80. The gel was applied three times a week for 4 weeks with a total UVB radiation dose of 840 mJ/cm2. To evaluate the repair mechanism by measuring the degree of wrinkles, epidermal thickening, dermal thinning, collagen fiber irregularity, matrix metalloproteinase 1 (MMP-1), and transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) expression, malondialdehyde (MDA) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNFα) levels. Results: TEM results show that gel transfersome M. balbisiana peel has a round morphology with a diameter of ±50 nm and no aggregation, which are defined as nanoparticles. Transfersome gel ameliorated the degree of wrinkle, epidermal thickening, dermal thinning, and irregularity of collagen fibers caused by UVB exposure, suppresses lipid peroxidation by decreasing MDA and TNFα level, also collagen imbalance by inhibiting MMP-1 expression and activating TGF-ß expression, which was found statistically significantly different from non-transfersome gel group. Conclusion: Transfersome gel of M. balbisiana peel can act as an alternative medicine to ameliorate clinical photoaging due to exposure to UVB.

Screening the active ingredients of plants via molecular docking technology and evaluating their ability to reduce skin photoaging.

The active ingredients of plants were screened by molecular docking technology and the result were verified. According to the verification results of molecular docking, the five active ingredients were combined in equal proportions to form a compound drug. In the HaCaT photoaging model, the effects of the compound drug on antioxidant and senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP) factors of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways were studied via SOD and MDA kits, DCFH-DA fluorescent probes and ELISA. In the skin photoaging model, the effects of the compound drug on antioxidants and the SASP factors of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways were studied via SOD, MDA, and CAT kits and ELISA. The results revealed that the compound drug increased SOD activity, decreased the MDA content and intracellular ROS, inhibited IL-6 in the NF-κB pathway, and inhibited MMP-1 and collagen I in the MAPK pathway. The results of HE, Masson and Victoria blue skin staining revealed that the compound drug inhibited abnormal thickening of the epidermis, abnormal breaking and accumulation of collagen fibers and elastic fibers, and maintained their orderly arrangement. Moreover, the results revealed that the compound drug increased SOD, CAT and collagen I, and reduced the MDA content, the SASP factors IL-6 and TNF-α of the NF-κB pathway, and the SASP factors MMP-1 of the MAPK pathway. The above results indicate that the active ingredients of the compound drug screened by molecular docking have the potential to reduce skin photoaging.

Human Serum Albumin/Selenium Complex Nanoparticles Protect the Skin from Photoaging Injury.

Introduction: Photoaging-induced skin damage leads to appearance issues and dermatoma. Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) possess high antioxidant properties but are prone to inactivation. In this study, human serum albumin/SeNPs (HSA-SeNPs) were synthesized for enhanced stability. Methods: HSA-SeNPs were prepared by self-assembling denatured human serum albumin and inorganic selenite. The cytotoxicity of HSA-SeNPs was assessed using the MTT method. Cell survival and proliferation rates were tested to observe the protective effect of HSA-SeNPs on human skin keratinocytes against photoaging. Simultaneously, ICR mice were used for animal experiments. H&E and Masson trichromatic staining were employed to observe morphological changes in skin structure and collagen fiber disorders after UVB irradiation. Quantitative RT-PCR was utilized to measure changes in mRNA expression levels of factors related to collagen metabolism, inflammation, oxidative stress regulation, and senescence markers. Results: The HSA-SeNPs group exhibited significantly higher survival and proliferation rates of UVB-irradiated keratinocytes than the control group. Following UVB irradiation, the back skin of ICR mice displayed severe sunburn with disrupted collagen fibers. However, HSA-SeNPs demonstrated superior efficacy in alleviating these symptoms compared to SeNPs alone. In a UVB-irradiated mice model, mRNA expression of collagen type I and III was dysregulated while MMP1, inflammatory factors, and p21 mRNA expression were upregulated; concurrently Nrf2 and Gpx1 mRNA expression were downregulated. In contrast, HSA-SeNPs maintained the mRNA expression of those factors to be stable In addition, the level of SOD decreased, and MDA elevated significantly in the skin after UVB irradiation, but no significant differences in SOD and MDA levels between the HSA-SeNPs group with UVB irradiation and the UVB-free untreated group. Discussion: HSA-SeNPs have more anti-photoaging effects on the skin than SeNPs, including the protective effects on skin cell proliferation, cell survival, and structure under photoaging conditions. HSA-SeNPs can be used to protect skin from photoaging and repair skin injury caused by UVB exposure.

Regulatory Mechanisms of Natural Active Ingredients and Compounds on Keratinocytes and Fibroblasts in Mitigating Skin Photoaging.

Background: The mechanism underlying skin photoaging remains elusive because of the intricate cellular and molecular changes that contribute to this phenomenon, which have yet to be elucidated. In photoaging, the roles of keratinocytes and fibroblasts are vital for maintaining skin structure and elasticity. But these cells can get photo-induced damage during photoaging, causing skin morphological changes. Recently, the function of natural active ingredients in treating and preventing photoaging has drawn more attention, with researches often focusing on keratinocytes and fibroblasts. Methods: We searched for studies published from 2007 to January 2024 in the Web of Science, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases through the following keywords: natural plant, natural plant products or phytochemicals, traditional Chinese Medicine or Chinese herbal, plant extracts, solar skin aging, skin photoaging, and skin wrinkling. This review conducted the accordance of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Results: In total, 87 researches were included in this review (Figure 1). In keratinocytes, natural compounds may primarily regulate signal pathways such as the NF-κB, MAPK, PI3K/AKT, and Nrf2/ARE pathways, reducing inflammation and cellular damage, thus slowing skin photoaging. Additionally, in fibroblasts, natural active ingredients primarily promote the TGF-ß pathway, inhibit MMPs activity, and enhance collagen synthesis while potentially modulating the mTOR pathway, thereby protecting the dermal collagen network and reducing wrinkle formation. Several trials showed that natural compounds that regulate keratinocytes and fibroblasts responses have significant and safe therapeutic effects. Conclusion: The demand for natural product-based ingredients in sunscreen formulations is rising. Natural compounds show promising anti-photoaging effects by targeting cellular pathways in keratinocytes and fibroblasts, providing potential therapeutic strategies. However, comprehensive clinical studies are needed to verify their efficacy and safety in mitigating photoaging, which should use advanced pharmacological methods to uncover the complex anti-photoaging mechanisms of natural compounds.

The effect of aging on mast cell density in human skin: a comparative analysis of photoexposed and photoprotected regions.

BACKGROUND: Mast cells are mononuclear cells originating from bone marrow. They produce various biologically active substances, which allow them to actively participate in immune and inflammatory processes associated with intrinsic and extrinsic skin aging. This research focused on distribution and density of mast cells in healthy skin in different stages of skin aging. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This project included samples of photoexposed and photoprotected skin, obtained from 90 cadavers aged 0-82 years. The samples were classified into five age groups: newborns, young age, middle age, senior age and the oldest age. In order to visualize the mast cells, we have employed several histochemical staining protocols. RESULTS: The number of mast cells of the photoexposed skin significantly correlated to the individual's age. The number of mast cells of the photoprotected skin was in general statistically significantly lower in younger compared to older groups; however, the correlation of the mast cell density in photoprotected skin and the age did not reach statistical significance. In middle age, senior age and the oldest age groups, a significantly higher number of mast cells was recorded in the skin of the photoexposed compared to photoprotected region. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in mast cell density correlated with age only in photoexposed skin. Age-related higher accumulation of dermal mast cells in photoexposed skin can be an important factor in the photoaging process, as well as the contributing factor in the occurrence of skin cancer.

Neurotoxicity induced by aged microplastics from plastic bowls: Abnormal neurotransmission in Caenorhabditis elegans.

The use of plastic bowls (PB) has garnered increasing scrutiny due to the inevitable generation of microplastics (MPs) throughout their lifecycle. Despite this concern, there exists a limited understanding of the behaviors, toxicological effects, and mechanisms associated with aged PB (A-PB). This research investigated the photoaging properties of A-PB following ultraviolet irradiation and evaluated the neurotoxic impact of exposure to A-PB at environmentally relevant concentrations (0.001-1 mg/L) on Caenorhabditis elegans. Significant alterations in the crystallinity, elemental composition, and functional groups of A-PB were observed compared to virgin PB (V-PB), along with the emergence of environmentally persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species. Toxicity assessments revealed that exposure to 0.1-1 mg/L A-PB induced greater neurotoxicity on locomotion behaviors compared to V-PB, as evidenced by marked reductions in head thrashes, body bends, wavelength, and mean amplitude. Exposure to A-PB also altered the fluorescence intensities and neurodegeneration percentage of dopaminergic, serotonergic, and GABAergic neurons, suggesting neuronal damage in the nematodes. Correspondingly, decreases in the levels of dopamine, serotonin, and GABA were noted together with significant drops in the expression of neurotransmitter-related genes (e.g., dat-1, tph-1, and unc-47). Correlation analyses established a significant positive relationship between these genes and locomotion behaviors. Further exploration showed the absence of locomotion behaviors in dat-1 (ok157), tph-1 (mg280), and unc-47 (e307) mutants, underscoring the pivotal roles of the dat-1, tph-1, and unc-47 genes in mediating neurotoxicity in C. elegans. This study sheds light on the photoaging characteristics and heightened toxicity of A-PB, elucidating the mechanisms driving A-PB-induced neurotoxicity.

Synergistic delivery of hADSC-Exos and antioxidants has inhibitory effects on UVB-induced skin photoaging.

Ultraviolet B (UVB) light exposure accelerates skin photoaging. Human adipose-derived stem cell exosomes (hADSC-Exos) and some antioxidants may have anti-photoaging effects. However, it is unknown whether the combination of hADSC-Exos and antioxidants plays a synergistic role in anti-photoaging. In cellular and 3D skin models, we showed that vitamin E (VE) and hADSC-Exos were optimal anti-photoaging combinations. In vivo, VE and hADSC-Exos increased skin tightening and elasticity in UVB-induced photoaging mice Combined treatment with VE and hADSC-Exos inhibited SIRT1/NF-κB pathway. These findings contribute to the understanding of hADSC-Exos in conjunction with other antioxidants, thereby providing valuable insights for the future pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries.

Preventive effects of dietary fucoxanthin on ultraviolet A induced photoaging in hairless mice.

BACKGROUND: Repeated exposure to ultraviolet A (UVA) irradiation, which can penetrate the epidermis and reach the dermis, is one of the major causes of skin photoaging. Photoaged skin is characterized clinically by generalized wrinkling, a dry and loose appearance, and seborrheic keratoses, along with skin barrier dysfunction. Fucoxanthin, a xanthophyll carotenoid with a specific allenic bond and 5,6-monoepoxide in its structure, has been found to serve various functions as a food supplement. In the present study, the protective effects of orally administered fucoxanthin at relatively low concentrations (0.001% and 0.01%) against UVA induced photoaging were evaluated in vivo using hairless mice. RESULTS: Oral supplementation of 0.001% fucoxanthin was sufficient for its metabolites to accumulate in the skin, thereby inhibiting pathological changes induced by UVA irradiation, including impaired skin barrier function and accelerated wrinkle formation. Analysis of gene expression revealed that dietary fucoxanthin exerted antiphotoaging effects, possibly by modulating natural moisturizing factor (NMF) synthesis, desquamation, and ceramide composition in the epidermis, and by inhibiting the UVA induced degradation of collagen fibers and inflammation in the dermis. CONCLUSION: Taken together, our data indicate the potential application of dietary fucoxanthin as a novel ingredient in nutricosmetics for skin care against photoaging. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry.

A non-bactericidal cathelicidin with antioxidant properties ameliorates UVB-induced mouse skin photoaging via intracellular ROS scavenging and Keap1/Nrf2 pathway activation.

Cathelicidins, a category of critical host defense molecules in vertebrates, have been extensively studied for their bactericidal functions, but little is known about their non-bactericidal properties. Herein, a novel cathelicidin peptide (Atonp2) was identified from the plateau frog Nanorana ventripunctata. It did not exhibit bactericidal activity but showed significant therapeutic effects in chronic UVB radiation-induced mouse skin photoaging through inhibiting thickening, pyroptosis and inflammation in the epidermis, while inhibiting cellular senescence, collagen fibre breakage and type Ⅰ collagen reduction in the dermis. Further studies indicated that Atonp2 effectively scavenged UVB-induced intracellular ROS via tyrosines at positions 9 and 10, while activating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway to protect epidermal keratinocytes against UVB radiation, which in turn indirectly reversed the senescence and collagen degradation of dermal fibroblasts, thereby ameliorating UVB-induced skin photoaging. As such, this study identified a non-bactericidal cathelicidin peptide with potent antioxidant functions, highlighting its potential to treat and prevent skin photoaging.

Reducing Oxidative Stress Levels and Inhibiting Aging by l-Cysteine-Derived Carbon Dots with Highly Efficient Broad-Spectrum UV Absorption.

Ultraviolet (UV) exposure causes damage to human skin and mucous membranes, resulting in oxidative stress, and can also lead to inflammation of human skin, skin aging, and even diseases such as squamous cell carcinoma and melanoma of the skin. The main means of protection against UV radiation is physical shielding and the use of sunscreen products. Carbon dots as a novel nanomaterial provide a new option for UV protection. In this article, we introduced sulfhydryl groups to synthesize l-cysteine-derived carbon dots (GLCDs) with UV resistance. GLCDs exhibit high-efficiency and excellent UV absorption, achieving 200-400 nm UV absorption (99% UVC, 97% UVB, and 86% UVA) at a low concentration of 0.5 mg/mL. Meanwhile, GLCDs can reduce apoptosis and UVB-induced oxidative damage, increase collagen type I gene expression, and inhibit skin aging in zebrafish. It also inhibits senescence caused by the senescence inducer 2,2'-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride and reduces oxidative damage. The above studies show that GLCDs possess efficient broad-spectrum UV absorption, antiphotoaging, and antiaging capabilities, which will have a broad application prospect in UV protection.

Clinical consequences of age-related skin barrier dysfunction. Part I. Structural, molecular and physiologic changes with cutaneous aging.

Aging is associated with significant changes to skin structure and function. As the United States population ages, dermatologists are increasingly presented with the clinical consequences of these changes. Understanding the biology of aging skin allows dermatologists to best guide patients towards proactive treatment of age-related skin disease. The first article of this 2-part continuing medical education series reviews the structural, molecular and functional changes associated with skin aging.

Expression profiles and functional analysis of transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) in photoaged human dermal fibroblasts.

Transfer RNA-derived small RNAs (tsRNAs) refer to a newly established family of non-coding RNAs that regulate a diverse set of biological processes. However, the function of tsRNAs in skin photoaging remains unclear. This research aims to investigate the potential correlation between tsRNAs and skin photoaging. Human dermal fibroblasts (HDFs) were irradiated with UVA at 10 J/cm2 once a day lasting for 14 days, resulting in the establishment of a photoaging model induced by UVA. To identify the expression profiles and functions of tsRNAs, tsRNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were conducted. qPCR was employed to validate the results of differentially expressed (DE) tsRNAs. A total of 34 tsRNAs exhibited significant differential expression between the UVA and control groups (n = 3), with nine upregulated and 25 downregulated (log2 fold change >1.5, p-value <0.05). Six tsRNAs were selected at random and validated by qRT-PCR. The enrichment analysis of DE tsRNAs target genes indicated that the dysregulated tsRNAs appeared to be connected with cell cycle, DNA replication and the AGE-RAGE signaling pathway. The expression of tsRNAs was found to be aberrant in UVA-HDF. These findings provide insights into the UVA-induced damage and potential target genes for skin photoaging.

A retrospective study of non-insulated microneedle radiofrequency on wrinkles of facial photoaging subjects.

Non-insulated microneedle radiofrequency (NIMNRF) is a method of promoting dermal collagen shrinking and remodeling with minor injury reducing wrinkles. We conducted a 3-years retrospective observation on wrinkles of facial photoaging subjects treated with NIMNRF in Chinese subjects to demonstrate the efficacy and side effects. Chinese subjects clinically diagnosed as facial photoaging treated with MNRF in the Laser Center of The First Hospital of China Medical University and Guangzhou Mylike Medical Cosmetic Hospital from Jan 1, 2018 to Dec 31, 2021 were enrolled in this study. Inclusion criteria included. Each subject was treated with NIMNRF for 1-3 sessions, with a 3-month interval. At baseline and 3 months after each treatment, a Wrinkle Assessment Scale (WAS) was used to score the wrinkles in 10 areas. The total WAS score and WAS improvement rate was assessed at each time point. A total of 96 subjects, aged 25-65 years old, received at least one session of NIMNRF were enrolled. 63, 24, 9 of them received 1, 2 or 3 sessions, respectively. The total WAS score decreased from 14.65 ± 9.20 to 11.51 ± 8.70 after Session 1, from 15.92 ± 9.48 to 12.17 ± 8.83 after Session 2 and from 17.56 ± 6.99 to 11.11 ± 7.13 after Session 3 (P < 0.01). The WAS improvement rate was 25.61%, 30.69% and 39.82% after 1, 2, 3 sessions, respectively. As for subjects in different age groups, the improvement rate decreased with age, from 39.13% in 25-30 years old group to 16.39% in over 60 years old group after Session 1 (P < 0.05). Better efficacy and less sessions of treatments were conducted in younger subjects. NIMNRF can be used in the treatment of facial wrinkles in photoaging subjects, especially in youngster as better efficacy.

G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Skin Aging.

Skin aging is a complex biological process affected by a plethora of intrinsic and extrinsic factors that alter cutaneous functions through the modulations of signaling pathways and responses. Expressed in various cell types and skin tissue layers, G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) play a vital role in regulating skin aging. We have cataloged 156 GPCRs expressed in the skin and reviewed their roles in skin aging, such as pigmentation, loss of elasticity, wrinkles, rough texture, and aging-associated skin disorders. By exploring the GPCRs found in the skin, it may be possible to develop new treatment regimens for aging-associated skin conditions using GPCR ligands.