Embodiment in the enfacement illusion is mediated by self-other overlap.

The enfacement illusion is a facial version of the rubber hand illusion, in which participants experience tactile stimulation of their own faces synchronously with the observation of the same stimulation applied to another's face. In previous studies, participants have reported experiencing an illusory embodiment of the other's face following synchronous compared to asynchronous stimulation. In a series of three experiments, we addressed the following three questions: (i) how does similarity between the self and the other, operationalized here as being of the same or different gender to the other, impact the experience of embodiment in the enfacement illusion; (ii) does the experience of embodiment result from alterations to the self-concept; and (iii) is susceptibility to the experience of embodiment associated with interoceptive processing, i.e. perception of the internal state of the body? Results indicate that embodiment is facilitated by the similarity between the self and the other and is mediated by the incorporation of the other into the self-concept, but sensitivity to one's own internal states does not impact upon embodiment within the enfacement illusion. This article is part of the theme issue 'Minds in movement: embodied cognition in the age of artificial intelligence'.

"How do we do that?" An analysis of TikToks by lesbians over age 30 representing sexual identity, lived experience over time, and solidarity.

Lesbians have long turned to digital media and technologies for information, support, and to self-represent sexual identity in ways that have the capacity for building communities and gathering publics and counterpublics. TikTok is a short video platform popular with young people, which has increasingly seen the participation of comparatively older users. This paper investigates the self-representation of lesbians over age 30 on TikTok to understand the themes in their content and how the platform shapes their communication with others. Through sampling tailored to TikTok's algorithmic curation, ten lesbians' accounts are examined alongside qualitative coding and analysis of 50 of these creators' videos. Findings reveal key themes regarding the expression of identity and age, lived experience over time, and bids for connection and community. TikTokers expressed lesbian identity in continuity with longstanding stereotypes to enhance visibility but also incorporated humor and youthful trends to give rise to novel identity expressions. Videos showcasing the passage of time and sociopolitical change demonstrated the resilience of lesbian lives and conveyed hope while advice and statements of solidarity expressed support for young people's present struggles with homophobia and transphobia. Contrasting with studies of TikTok's generational wars, this article shows how older lesbians are building generational bridges through their uptake of youth-driven platform practices, sharing of past challenges to support youth in overcoming present hurdles, and by modeling lesbian futures.

The role of self-representation in emotional contagion.

Although prior research has implied that emotional contagion occurs automatically and unconsciously, convincing evidence suggests that it is significantly influenced by individuals' perceptions of their relationships with others or with collectives within specific social contexts. This implies a role for self-representation in the process. The present study aimed to offer a novel explanation of the interplay between social contexts and emotional contagion, focusing on the contextualized nature of self-representation and exploring the social factors that shape emotional contagion. It further posits a causal loop among social contexts, self-representation, and emotional contagion. Drawing from the lens of self-representation, this study concludes with a discussion on potential research directions in this field, commencing with an exploration of the antecedents and consequences of emotional contagion and self-representation.

Metaphors of adolescence during COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-method analysis in relation to well-being and alexithymia.

Introduction: During the pandemic, young people experienced a general increase in stress levels in their home and school environments and in their relationships with peers and family, largely due to restrictions on freedom of movement and social isolation. The ability to identify sources of stress and respond positively to them, using both personal and environmental resources, seems to be key to maintaining an acceptable level of well-being. This study investigates the association between alexithymic traits, self-perceived well-being, and self-representations in adolescents as expressed via narrative metaphors during the COVID-19 epidemic. Methods: The sample comprised 229 Italian adolescents (51.1% females, mean age = 16.64). The research design was based on an exploratory, parallel, mixed-method approach. A semi-structured online interview was used as the major data gathering tool including both standardized quantitative questionnaire and open-ended questions. Data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics, quantitative textual analysis and multidimensional co-word correspondence analysis. Results: Main findings reveal a general low level of perceived well-being associated with alexithymia, affecting adolescents' lexical choices for their metaphors. Alexithymia-related low levels of well-being correspond to metaphors in which confusion and overpowering emotions predominate. Vivid pictures indicating vitality and a bright view on the future is often correlated with high levels of well-being. Discussion: Overall, these novel findings appear to show an interactive effect of perceived well-being and alexithymia on adolescents' ability to identify and describe their own condition. Furthermore, metaphors emerge as powerful tools for investigating well-being in adolescents since closely related to inner states.

Do outro lado do espelho: o desencontro entre a imagem e a representação de si em pacientes com câncer / [On the other side of the mirror: the mismatch between the image and the self representation in cancer patients]

O presente estudo resultou das reflexões surgidas ao longo do acompanhamento de pacientes acometidos por câncer, na enfermaria de oncologia e hematologia do Instituto Nacional de Câncer José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA). Esse estudo constitui-se como uma tentativa de compreender e dar voz ao estranhamento e angústia relatados pelos pacientes, buscando esclarecer o que parece haver se perdido para eles e, por conseguinte, abalado sua narrativa sobre si. Notou-se que, frequentemente, a marca deixada pelo câncer é, sobretudo, subjetiva. A doença, de caráter potencialmente traumático, desestabiliza e promove uma ruptura entre a representação que o sujeito construiu de si ao longo da vida e um novo lugar que é convocado a ocupar, de paciente. Existe uma defasagem que é traduzida pelos pacientes como estranhamento. Esse estranhamento não se reduz ao campo da imagem, das marcas físicas deixadas pela doença e dos efeitos do tratamento. Diante disso, torna-se relevante compreender as marcas subjetivas e as perdas que são vivenciadas em decorrência do câncer. Tratou-se de considerar, em especial, a particularidade e a significância do câncer no imaginário social, levando em consideração os seus efeitos. Além disso, convém abordar as possibilidades e saídas frente ao que foi perdido, possibilitando espaço para construção de uma ficção possível que possa movimentar novamente a narrativa do sujeito sobre si. Esse estudo é caracterizado como um estudo teórico-clínico em que foi realizada uma articulação entre a experiência clínica e a teoria psicanalítica, a partir das falas dos pacientes em acompanhamento psicológico.

The present study resulted from the reflections that occurred during the followup of patients affected by cancer in the oncology and hematology ward of the National Cancer Institute José Alencar Gomes da Silva (INCA). This study constitutes an attempt to understand and give voice to the strangeness and anguish reported by patients, seeking to clarify what seems to have been lost to them and, therefore, shaken their narrative about themselves. It has been noted that often the mark left by cancer is, above all, subjective. The disease, which is potentially traumatic, destabilizes and promotes a rupture between the representation that the subject has constructed of himself throughout his life and a new place that he is called to occupy as a patient. There is a gap that is translated by patients as estrangement. This strangeness is not limited to the field of imaging, the physical marks left by the disease, and the effects of treatment. Given this, it is relevant to understand the subjective marks and losses that are experienced as a result of cancer. In particular, was considered the particularity and significance of cancer in the social imaginary, taking into account the effects of this. In addition, it is convenient to approach the possibilities and exits in front of what has been lost, allowing space for the construction of a possible fiction that can re-move the subject's narrative about himself. This study is characterized as a theoreticalclinical study in which an articulation between the clinical experience and the psychoanalytic theory was made, based on the speeches of the patients under psychological counseling.

Obesity, Prejudice, Self, and Culture: A Longitudinal Case Study / Obesidade, Preconceito, Self e Cultura: Um Estudo de Caso Longitudinal / Obesidad, Prejuicio, Self y Cultura: Un Estudio de Caso Longitudinal

Abstract With the increasing number of obese individuals in Brazil, the importance of studies aimed at researching the social and psychological impact of obesity is also increased. This study aimed to trace and analyze the processes of subjective construction of the obesity experience. This is a longitudinal case study with a 29-year-old obese woman submitted to bariatric surgery. The characteristics and power of explicit and implicit messages that operate in specific cultural contexts were investigated, analyzing the construction of meanings of self in the development of the dialogical self. Qualitative data analysis shows important aspects of the dynamics of fatphobia, its power to channel the subjective trajectory of the obese subject and the importance of alterity in the development of self. The study contributes to the advancement of knowledge about the relations between obesity, self, and prejudice, seeking to provide inputs for the performance of psychologists, educators, and health professionals.

Resumo Com o número crescente de obesos no Brasil aumenta também a importância de estudos dedicados à investigação do impacto social e psicológico da obesidade. Esse estudo objetivou identificar e analisar os processos de construção subjetiva da experiência de obesidade. Trata-se de um estudo de caso longitudinal com uma mulher obesa de 29 anos submetida à cirurgia bariátrica. Foram investigadas as características e poder das mensagens explícitas e implícitas que operam em contextos culturais específicos, analisando a construção de significados de si no desenvolvimento do self dialógico. A análise qualitativa dos dados revela aspectos importantes da dinâmica da gordofobia, seu poder de canalização da trajetória subjetiva do obeso e a importância da alteridade no desenvolvimento do self. O estudo contribui com o avanço do conhecimento sobre as relações entre obesidade, self e preconceito, buscando oferecer subsídios para a atuação de psicólogos, educadores e profissionais de saúde.

Resumen Con el creciente número de obesos en Brasil, también hay un incremento de la importancia de estudiar el impacto social y psicológico de la obesidad. Este estudio propone identificar y evaluar los procesos de construcción subjetiva de la experiencia de obesidad. Se trata de un estudio de caso longitudinal en el cual participó una mujer obesa de 29 años sometida a la cirugía bariátrica. Se investigaron las características y el poder de los mensajes explícitos e implícitos que operan en contextos culturales específicos, analizando la construcción de significados de sí mismo en el desarrollo del self dialógico. El análisis cualitativo de los datos reveló aspectos importantes de la dinámica de la fobia a la gordura, su poder de concentración en la trayectoria subjetiva del obeso y la importancia de la alteridad en el desarrollo del self. El estudio contribuye a ampliar el conocimiento sobre las relaciones entre obesidad, self y prejuicio, buscando ofrecer aportes para el trabajo de psicólogos, de educadores y de profesionales de salud.

Mundo re-presentacional de adolescentes infractores / The re-presentational world of offending adolescents

Este artículo derivada de investigación, realizada en una institución de resocialización para adolescentes que han infringido la ley penal Colombiana. Material es procesado mediante un enfoque hermenéutico a partir de los aportes teóricos de las psicoterapias relacionales. Se encontró que los modos de ser-hacer-sentir que éstos jóvenes tienen en relación al mundo, a sí mismos y a los otros, están sostenidos por una tejido relacional que giraen torno a la devaluación, la desigualdad y la dependencia, aspectos relacionados con inseguridades vinculares que dejan a éstos adolescentes con precarios recursos para enfrentar las demandas de su nuevo momento evolutivo.

This article is derived from research, carried out in a rehabilitation facility for adolescents who have infringed the Colombian criminal law. Material is processed through a hermeneuticapproach from the theoretical contributions of the relational psychotherapy. It was foundthat the modes of being-doing-feel that these young have in relation to the world, to themselves, and to others, are sustained by a relational fabric that revolves around the devaluation, inequality, and dependence, these issues related to insecurities leaving these adolescents with precarious resources to meet the needs of their new evolutionary time.

God representation, Self Representation, and Educational experience among University Students in Rio de Janeiro / Representaciones de Dios, auto-representación y experiencia educacional entre estudiantes universitarios en Rio de Janeiro

This study aimed at verifying relations between God representations (GR), self representations (SR), and learning educational experience (LEE) among graduate students in Rio de Janeiro. We studied GR as beliefs stressing God's power over humans (GR1); spiritual power (GR2); providence of a better human life (GR3); mutual dependence between God and humans (GR4); and disbelief of its existence (GR5). We treated SR as composed by individual-self, interpersonal-self and collective-self. The LEE was studied as events produced mainly because of an action of the student's own learning, or as events caused mainly by teaching action over students, like institution/professor/curricula. We used closed/open questions to research among Economy (n=82) and Psychology (n=107) students. Both GR and SR interfered mutually but emancipatory SR's are less linked to GR, except for GR5. Self assertion, assertive interpersonal relation and negative interpersonal relation correlated negatively with LEE

En este estudio procuramos verificar relaciones entre representaciones de Dios (RD), auto-representaciones (AR), y experiencia educacional (LEE) entre estudiantes universitarios en Rio de Janeiro. Estudiamos representaciones de Dios enfatizando el poder de Dios sobre los humanos (RD1); poderes espirituales (RD2); el proveer una mejor vida humana (RD3); dependencia mutua entre Dios y los humanos (RD4); y la no creencia en su existencia (RD5). Tratamos las AR como compuestas por el yo-individual, el yo-interpersonal y el yo-colectivo. La LEE fue estudiada como eventos producidos sobre todo, por una acción de aprendizaje del/a propio/a estudiante o como eventos causados por acción de la enseñanza sobre el estudiante, como institución/profesor/curriculum. Usamos cuestiones cerradas/abiertas para investigar estudiantes de Economía (n=82) y Psicología (n=107). Tanto RD como AR interfirieron mutuamente, pero las AR emancipatorias tendieron a estar menos ligadas a RD, con excepción de RD5. La auto-afirmación, auto-afirmación interpersonal y la relación interpersonal negativa tendieron a correlacionar relacionar negativamente con LEE.

God representation, self representation, and educational experience among university students in Rio de Janeiro / Representaciones de Dios, auto-representación y experiencia educacional entre estudiantes universitarios en Rio de Janeiro

This study aimed at verifying relations between God representations (GR), self representations (SR), and learning educational experience (LEE) among graduate students in Rio de Janeiro. We studied GR as beliefs stressing God's power over humans (GR1); spiritual power (GR2); providence of a better human life (GR3); mutual dependence between God and humans (GR4); and disbelief of its existence (GR5). We treated SR as composed by individual-self, interpersonal-self and collective-self. The LEE was studied as events produced mainly because of an action of the student's own learning, or as events caused mainly by teaching action over the student, like institution/professor/curricula. We used closed/open questions to research among Economy (n=82) and Psychology (n=107) students. GR1 and GR2 interfered on SR of the interpersonal-self and collective-self; meanwhile the others GR interfered on SR of the individual-self, interpersonal-self and collective-self. Self assertion, assertive interpersonal relation and negative interpersonal relation correlated negatively with LEE.

En este estudio procuramos verificar relaciones entre representaciones de Dios (RD), auto-representaciones (AR), y experiencia educacional (LEE) entre estudiantes universitarios en Rio de Janeiro. Estudiamos representaciones de Dios enfatizando el poder de Dios sobre los humanos (RD1); poderes espirituales (RD2); proveer una mejor vida humana (RD3); dependencia mutua entre Dios y humanos (RD4); y no creencia en su existencia (RD5). Tratamos AR como siendo compuesta por yo-individual, yo-interpersonal y yo-colectivo. La LEE fue estudiada como eventos producidos sobretodo por una acción de aprendizaje del estudiante el/ella misma o como eventos causados por la acción de la enseñanza sobre el estudiante, como institución/ profesor/curriculum. Usamos cuestiones cerradas/abiertas para investigar estudiantes de economía (n = 82) e psicología (n=107). RD1 y RD2 interfirió sobre las AR de yo-interpersonal y yo-colectivo; mientras las otras RD interfirieron sobre las AR del yo-individual, yo-interpersonal y yo-colectivo. Auto-afirmación, auto-afirmación interpersonal y relación interpersonal negativa correlacionaron con LEE.

Cama de gato: um breve ensaio sobre a subjetivação juvenil na atualidade / Cat's cradle: a brief essay on contemporary juvenile subjectivation / Cama de gato: un breve ensayo sobre la subjetividad juvenil en la actualidad

Discutimos os modos "violentos" de representação, utilizados por jovens de classe média e alta. A análise, realizada a partir do filme Cama de gato e de episódios de violência noticiados na mídia (1997-2007), junto a alguns conceitos da Psicanálise e de Walter Benjamin, leva a interrogar: quais os vetores da brutalidade protagonizada por jovens que não padecem de privações extremas? Que condições sociais participam destes episódios? Ao tensionar acontecimentos e conceitos, vimos que estes atos, além de funcionarem como um modo do jovem devolver o mal-estar que sente frente ao vazio da experiência familiar e social, são, também, uma forma de legitimação de si no social.

This article discusses the "violent" means of representation of the social aspect employed by middle and upper-class young people. The analysis is based on the movie Cat's cradle and on some violent episodes broadcasted by the media (1997-2007). Such material, along with concepts from psychoanalysis and others by Walter Benjamin, lead to the following questions: what are the vectors of the brutality perpetrated by young people who do not suffer with extreme social privation? What conditions contribute towards the rise of such episodes? As episodes and concepts are integrated and fully discussed, comes the realization that such acts have a double function: they are means through which young people return the ill-being caused by the void in their experiences with family and society, and they also work as means to legitimate their self-representation in social contexts.

Discutimos aquí los modos "violentos" de representación utilizados por jóvenes de las clases media y alta. El análisis, efectuado a partir de la película Cama de gato, de noticias de diarios y revistas (1997-2007) y de algunos conceptos de la Psicoanálisis y de Walter Benjamin, nos lleva a interrogarnos: ¿cuáles son los vectores de la brutalidad protagonizada por jóvenes que no padecen de privaciones sociales? ¿Qué condiciones contribuyen para el surgimiento de estos episodios? Al tensar acontecimientos y conceptos, constatamos que tales actos funcionan como la forma que los jóvenes tienen de devolver su malestar al confrontarse con el vacío de la experiencia familiar y social, así como una forma de representarse en lo social.

A formação de personalidades éticas: representações de si e moral / The formation of ethical personalities: self representations and moral

O artigo apresenta os estudos de uma investigação atual entre 75 adolescentes de 12 a 15 anos, estudantes de colégios particulares da cidade de Campinas, que tem como principal objetivo constatar a possível correspondência entre os julgamentos morais e as representações que os sujeitos têm de si mesmos. A partir de um questionário, os estudos destacam as representações desses sujeitos e respondem a um questionamento de que teriam um caráter ético ou não e se corresponderiam a seus julgamentos morais. Os resultados apontam para uma correspondência entre aqueles cujas representações de si são caracterizadas por conteúdos éticos e julgamentos mais evoluídos quanto à sensibilidade aos sentimentos dos personagens envolvidos nas situações descritas. Tais estudos validam a intenção deste artigo de discutir as correspondências entre ética (como o sujeito se vê) e moral (como julga as situações morais).

The article presents studies of a current investigation among 75 adolescents from 12 to 15 years old, students of private schools of Campinas city, that have as main objective to notice a possible correspondence among the moral judgments and the representation that individuals have about themselves. From a questionnaire, the studies bring out the representations of these individuals and answer a questioning if they would have an ethical character or not and if these individuals would correspond to their moral judgments. The results point out to a correspondence among those whose self representations are characterized by more evolved ethical contents and judgments related to sensitivity and to the characters feelings involved in the situations described. Such studies validate the intention of this article to discuss the correspondences between ethics (how the individual sees himself/herself) and moral (how he/she judges the situations moral).

Clinical Application of Dance Therapy in Psychiatric Outpatients with Schizophrenia / 신경정신의학

OBJECTIVES: Dance therapy can be applied as one of various psychiatric rehabilitation programs in clinical situations. This study was aimed to investigate applicability of dance therapy to schizophrenic outpatients, in regard to improving social adjustment and quality of life for these patients. METHODS: Twenty one psychiatric outpatients enlist who met DSM-IV criteria for schizophrenia were studied. We conducted dance therapy session once a week, totally 8 sessions. The assessments were done before and after dance therapy. Patients reported Self & Others Representation Inventory-Adjective Checklist (SORI), Self-esteem Scale, and Relationship Change Scale (RCS) and Doctors assessed Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale (BPRS), Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), and Quality of Life Scale (QoLS) in interview. RESULTS: After 8 sessions of dance therapy, patients showed significant improvements in sociability in SORI, satisfaction, intimacy, sensitiveness, openness, comprehensiveness in RCS, and significant decrease of symptoms in BPRS, SANS. QoLS also was improved significantly. There was no significant change in Self-esteem Scale. CONCLUSION: These results suggested that dance therapy could be applied to schizophrenic outpatients in clinical situations, and it helped to improve self-representation, interpersonal relationship, and quality of life.