ABSTRACT
Dr. John H. Charnley (1924-1982) revolutionized orthopedic surgery with his groundbreaking innovations in hip replacement with exceptional skill and a holistic thought process, which has had an impact to this day in the world of arthroplasty. His innovations have improved the lives of numerous patients who had painful and discomforting arthritis and have been instrumental in providing painless mobile joints to these patients. This article reviews Charnley's contributions to the development of low-friction arthroplasty using ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene and the use of acrylic bone cement for improved implant fixation. These advancements dealt with the critical issues of friction, wear, and implant stability, significantly enhancing patient outcomes and implant longevity. Charnley's work led to the global standardization of hip replacement procedures, influencing orthopedic practices globally and setting benchmarks for modern implant designs. His principles continue to inform ongoing research and advancements in hip replacement technology. This review also discusses the challenges and criticisms faced by Charnley's innovations, reflecting on their evolution and impact on contemporary orthopedic surgery. A surgeon blessed with a noble heart who would help his patients who were in trouble by going out of the way and was determined for a better tomorrow, self-driven by his compassion and ambition for treating his patients. Charnley's legacy remains pivotal in shaping the field and improving the quality of life for patients undergoing hip replacement surgery.
ABSTRACT
Alice Alanna Cashin (1870-1939) was a pioneering Australian nurse whose career spanned both conflict and humanitarian service. Born to Irish immigrants in Australia, Cashin trained at St. Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, before expanding her expertise in London and joining the British Red Cross during World War I. Her service included critical roles in France and Egypt, and she was eventually promoted to 'seas-matron' on the HMHS Gloucester Castle. During a torpedo attack by a German U-Boat, Cashin displayed extraordinary bravery, overseeing the evacuation of over 399 patients and ensuring their safety before leaving on the last lifeboat. After the war, she managed a military hospital in England before returning to Australia to care for her ailing father and later her elderly uncle. Cashin's post-war years included a modest stint running a stationery shop and her retirement in Victoria Road. Her exemplary service earned her multiple accolades, including the Star Medal and the Royal Red Cross Medal, the latter being the first awarded to an Australian. She was also honoured with multiple mentions in dispatches and personal invitations to Buckingham Palace. Alice Cashin's legacy is memorialised at the Woronora Cemetery, with her medals and accolades displayed at the ANZAC Memorial in Sydney, reflecting her enduring impact on the nursing profession and her remarkable dedication to service and care.
Subject(s)
Dermatology , Dermatology/history , History, 20th Century , Europe , History, 21st Century , Nail Diseases/history , HumansSubject(s)
Physiology , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Physiology/history , Humans , United StatesABSTRACT
In this study, the ultrasonic-microwave pretreatment was defined as a processing technology in the production of tribute citrus powder, and it could increase the flavonoid compounds in the processing fruit powder. A total of 183 upregulated metabolites and 280 downregulated metabolites were obtained by non-targeted metabolomics, and the differential metabolites was mainly involved in the pathways of flavonoid biosynthesis, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis. A total of 8 flavonoid differential metabolites were obtained including 5 upregulated metabolites (6"-O-acetylglycitin, scutellarin, isosakuranin, rutin, and robinin), and 3 downregulated metabolites (astragalin, luteolin, and (-)-catechin gallate) by flavonoids-targeted metabolomics. The 8 flavonoid differential metabolites participated in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathways, flavone and flavonol biosynthesis pathways, and isoflavonoid biosynthesis pathways. The results provide a reference for further understanding the relationship between food processing and food components, and also lay a basis for the development of food targeted-processing technologies.
Subject(s)
Citrus , Flavonoids , Fruit , Metabolomics , Citrus/metabolism , Citrus/chemistry , Flavonoids/metabolism , Flavonoids/chemistry , Fruit/chemistry , Fruit/metabolism , Powders/chemistry , Powders/metabolism , Plant Extracts/chemistry , Plant Extracts/metabolism , Food HandlingABSTRACT
Dr. Sharpe was a leading eye movement researcher who had also been the editor of this journal. We wish to mark the 10th anniversary of his death by providing a sense of what he had achieved through some examples of his research.
Subject(s)
Neurology , Ophthalmology , Humans , Male , Ophthalmology/historyABSTRACT
D'Ann Rochon passed away on November 29th 2022. She is remembered for her outstanding contributions to the field of plant virology, her strong commitment to high quality science and her dedication to the training and mentorship of the next generation of scientists. She was a research scientist for Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada and an Adjunct Professor for the University of British Columbia. Her research program provided new insights on the infection cycle of tombusviruses and related viruses, including ground-breaking research on the structure of virus particles, the mechanisms of virus transmission by fungal zoospores, and the complexity of plant-virus interactions. She also developed diagnostic antibodies for plum pox virus and little cherry virus 2 that have had a significant impact on the management of these viruses.
ABSTRACT
Since the passing of Andreas Pierratos on November 15, 2022, we have had many occasions to reflect on what our relationship with a friend and colleague has meant. We have done this in solitude, with colleagues while at work and more recently, in a tribute organized at Humber River Hospital on March 26, 2023. We also had the opportunity to expand, in the February 2023 issue of the Nephrology News & Issues, on his many contributions to nephrology and to the betterment of patients' lives. For this collaboration, we thought we would share our personal reflections of this unique individual, with the hope that this effort would provide a deeper appreciation of his unique humanity.
ABSTRACT
This text reports my participation in the tribute to Dr Françoise Dieterlen that took place in Paris at the Campus Pierre et Marie Curie of Sorbonne University, on the 21st of June, 2022. I mention her role as my doctoral thesis director and mentor, as well as the relevance and the impact of her scientific contributions to fundamental knowledge of embryonic hematopoiesis and its links with the vascular system. My testimony also includes aspects of her personality that have influenced my own personal development.
Title: Leçons de vie de Mme Dieterlen : des recherches sur l'hématopoïèse précoce chez la souris et au-delà. Abstract: Ce texte rend compte de ma participation à la Journée d'Hommage à Mme Françoise Dieterlen qui s'est déroulée à Paris, au Campus Pierre et Marie Curie de Sorbonne Université le 21 juin 2022. J'évoque son rôle comme directrice de ma thèse de doctorat et de mentor, ainsi que la pertinence et l'impact de ses contributions scientifiques à la connaissance fondamentale de l'hématopoïèse embryonnaire et de ses liens avec le système vasculaire. Mon témoignage comprend également des aspects de sa façon d'être qui m'ont influencée en termes de développement personnel.
Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Animals , Mice , History, 20th CenturyABSTRACT
Dr. Virginia Saba, Ed.D., RN was known as a pioneer in nursing and nursing informatics. Yet, Dr. Saba was also a profound innovator seeking to drive change through her passion and knowledge about the science of informatics. Dr. Saba saw that her expertise needed to be shared with the nursing profession and healthcare industry. As a result, she was often one of the first to create new educational opportunities and pathways for nurses to become more educated, informed, and empowered for the betterment of patient care and visibility of the nursing profession. Her innovative leadership and solution development helped to collectively create an infrastructure of formal education, training, research, and entrepreneurial solutions necessary in today's digital environment. The nursing profession is fortunate to have had such a dedicated individual who sought to bring forward positive change in ways that have sustained and grown over the last several decades of time.
Subject(s)
Nursing Informatics , Humans , Nursing Informatics/educationABSTRACT
As childhood death is considered nonnormative and outside of the life course, children may be memorialized differently than adults who have had an opportunity for fuller lives. As obituaries are cultural artifacts used to provide public documentation of personal legacies, this study sought to determine how children obituaries differ from traditional obituaries of those who have lived full lives. I content analyzed 63 children's obituaries to determine how they differ in intention and use of linguistic devices from what we know about traditional obituaries. Several key themes emerged in the obituary content - passions, religion and faith, children's role as siblings, their effect on those around them, and messages written directly to the deceased children. These children's obituaries read as tributes to the children's lives, rather than as resumes as traditional obituaries often do.
Subject(s)
Death , Funeral Rites , Child , Humans , SiblingsABSTRACT
In this historical report, we celebrate 100 years of a surgical procedure for claw correction described by Harold Stiles, which still holds good and learn more about this pioneer who revolutionised the treatment for claw correction.
ABSTRACT
Due to disseminated and metastatic non-Hodking lymphoma, Dr. César Garavagno died at the age of seventy in the city of Talca on Tuesday, September 12, 1943. The following day, he was paid a tribute in Deputies of the National Congress's chamber in Santiago. Thirteen years after his death, in 1956, Talca Hospital was named in honor of his memory, which would later become Regional Hospital. In 1959, being the first provincial surgeon not associated with a university teaching center, he was nominated Master of Chilean Surgery at the annual Surgery Congress. These have been the three posthumous tributes received that magnify and honor his memory, leaving a permanent legacy and vocation of service of medical professionals who work there today and the challenge to local surgeons to organize for third time a National Surgery Congress in Talca.
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , History, 20th Century , General Surgery/history , History of Medicine , Awards and Prizes , Education, Medical , HospitalsABSTRACT
Clinical pharmacology is a branch of the field of pharmacology that evolved following the recognition that the nature, duration, and intensity of drug action depend on both the intrinsic properties of the drug and an interaction with the host to whom the drug is given. Advances in drug development have placed highly specific and extremely potent therapeutic agents in the marketplace. While these advances have progressed rapidly in adult medicine, pediatric clinical pharmacology has not kept pace and until very recently has lagged behind the research and attention paid to the proper use of therapeutic and diagnostic drugs in adults. Recognition that advances in the science of developmental pharmacology and pediatric clinical pharmacology were essential in the development of new drugs to treat children came in the 1950s and 1960s mostly through the work of 2 pioneering scientists in fetal and perinatal clinical pharmacology, Drs Sumner Yaffe and Bernard Mirkin. Here we pay a tribute to these most influential pioneers in the United States who were instrumental in paving the path for advancing the field of fetal and perinatal pharmacology concepts and their incorporation into pediatric drug development programs.
Subject(s)
Pharmacology, Clinical , Adult , Child , Female , Humans , Parturition , Pregnancy , United StatesABSTRACT
On February 5, 2022, the field of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) lost a giant when Dr. David "Dave" Beukelman passed away. As the readership of this journal is aware, Dave was one of the principal founders of the AAC field and devoted his career to providing a voice to those without one. Before AAC became a field, people who could not talk were invisible or seldom noticed, unless they were in the way. For more than 40 years, he was a catalyst for change in AAC clinical practice, research, dissemination, teaching, and public policy development. This tribute aims to honor Dave's lifelong mission of serving others by sharing some of his most timeless and valued lessons. Each lesson begins with one of Dave's most enduring quotes that is then followed by a brief synopsis of the lesson Dave hoped to convey.
Subject(s)
Communication Aids for Disabled , Communication Disorders , Voice , History, 20th Century , History, 21st Century , Humans , MaleABSTRACT
The traditional hydrodistillation (HD) and ultrasound-assisted pretreatment extraction (UAPE) methods were proposed to obtain essential oil (EO) from Tribute citrus (TC) peels. The Box-Behnken design was employed to optimize the HD and UAPE procedures. Moreover, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and electronic nose (E-nose) were applied to identify the discrepancy of the extraction methods. The yield of EO extracted by UAPE (114.02 mg/g) was significantly higher than that by HD (85.67 mg/g) (p < 0.01) undergoing 40 min short time-consuming UPAE. A total of 28 compounds were extracted from the TC peels as terpenes were the predominant components. d-Limonene was the most vital compound in the T. citrus essential oil (TCEO), accounting for 86.38% of the total volatile concentration in HD and 86.75% in UAPE, respectively, followed by α-pinene, sabinene, γ-myrcene, and ß-phellandrene. The chart of radar and graphic of the principal component analysis by E-nose displayed no significance, which was similar to the GC-MS results. This study demonstrated that UAPE is an efficient and short time-consuming method for TCEO extraction, which provides a promising method for the separation of EO from aromatic plant materials.
ABSTRACT
Dongxiang tribute sheep have a history of use in food dishes such as "Dongxiang Handgrip," which dates back hundreds of years and is a favorite halal food in northwestern China. However, little is known about the mutton quality characteristics of Dongxiang tribute sheep. Here, we measured the sensory characteristics, nutritional quality, and flavor substances to comprehensively evaluate the mutton quality characteristics of these sheep. The mutton qualities of Dongxiang tribute, Tibetan, Ujumqin, and Hu sheep were comprehensively evaluated by membership function. Subsequently, the volatile components in mutton samples from 30 Dongxiang tribute sheep were detected via gas chromatography and ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS), and their fingerprints were established. The result of meat quality revealed that the shear force, the contents of protein, essential amino acid (EAA), non-essential amino acid (NEAA), and n-6/n-3 ratio of Dongxiang tribute mutton were better than the other three breeds. Membership functions were calculated for 10 physical and chemical indexes of mutton quality, and the comprehensive membership function values of the four breeds in order of highest to lowest mutton quality were Tibetan sheep (0.76) > Dongxiang tribute sheep (0.49) > Hu sheep (0.46) > Ujumqin sheep (0.33). Thirty volatile compounds were identified via GC-IMS: seven alcohols, eight aldehydes, five ketones, two esters, two phenols, one ether, one furan, one acid, two hydrocarbons, and one pyrazine. Ketones, aldehydes, and alcohols were the main volatile compounds forming the flavor of Dongxiang tribute sheep mutton. The reliability of the results was validated by PCA (principal component analysis) and similarity analyses. Our results provide reference value for consumers of mutton in China.