Subject(s)
Agonistic Behavior , Biomedical Research , Mentors , Professional Misconduct , Professional Practice/standards , Research Personnel/standards , Agonistic Behavior/ethics , Attitude , Biomedical Research/ethics , Biomedical Research/standards , Humans , Interpersonal Relations , Knowledge , Laboratory Personnel/ethics , Laboratory Personnel/psychology , Laboratory Personnel/standards , Mentors/education , Mentors/psychology , Professional Misconduct/ethics , Professional Misconduct/psychology , Professional Practice/ethics , Research Personnel/ethics , Research Personnel/psychology , Social SkillsABSTRACT
Diversity and inclusion in medicine, and in surgery in particular, still merit substantial attention in 2019. With each increase in academic rank there are fewer women, with only 24% of full professors in medicine being women. Underrepresented minorities face similar challenges, with only 3% of medical faculty being black and 4% of medical faculty being Hispanic or Latino; only 2% of full professors are Hispanic or Latino and only another 2% are black. Explicit discrimination unfortunately still does exist, but in many environments, more subtle forms of bias are more prevalent. Microaggressions, which are categorized as microassaults, microinsults, microinvalidations, and environmental microaggressions, are indirect expressions of prejudice that contribute to the maintenance of existing power structures and may limit the hiring, promotion, and retention of women and underrepresented minorities. The primary goal of this communication is to help readers understand microaggressions and their effect. We also provide suggestions for how recipients or bystanders may respond to microaggressions.
Subject(s)
Aggression/psychology , Agonistic Behavior/ethics , Faculty, Medical/psychology , Physicians, Women/psychology , Prejudice/ethnology , Black or African American/statistics & numerical data , Communication , Female , General Surgery , Hispanic or Latino/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Medicine , Needs Assessment , United StatesABSTRACT
The term 'mobbing' is defined as antagonistic behaviors with unethical communication directed systematically at one individual by one or more individuals in the workplace. This cross-sectional and descriptive study was conducted for the purpose of determining the mobbing behaviors encountered by nursing school teaching staff in Turkey, its effect on them, and their responses to them. A large percentage (91%) of the nursing school employees who participated in this study reported that they had encountered mobbing behaviors in the institution where they work and 17% that they had been directly exposed to mobbing in the workplace. The academic staff who had been exposed to mobbing behaviors experienced various physiological, emotional and social reactions. They frequently 'worked harder and [were] more organized and worked very carefully to avoid criticism' to escape from mobbing. In addition, 9% of the participants stated that they 'thought about suicide occasionally'.
