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1.
Braz J Anesthesiol ; 70(3): 302-305, 2020.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32473832

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetic cardiomyopathy characterized by potentially lethal ventricular tachycardia. Here we describe a patient with ARVC and an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) in whom maxillary sinus surgery was performed under general anesthesia. CASE REPORT: The patient was a 59 year-old man who was scheduled to undergo maxillary sinus surgery under general anesthesia. He had been diagnosed as having ARVC 15 years earlier and had undergone implantation of an ICD in the same year. Electrocardiography showed an epsilon wave in leads II, aVR, and V1-V3. Cardiac function was within normal range on transthoracic echocardiography. The ICD was temporarily deactivated after the patient arrived in the operating room and an intravenous line was secured. An external defibrillator was kept on hand for immediate defibrillation if any electrocardiographic abnormality was detected. Remifentanil 0.3 µg/kg/min, fentanyl 0.1 mg, propofol 154 mg, and rocuronium 46 mg were administered for induction of anesthesia. Tracheal intubation was performed orally. Anesthesia was maintained oxygen 1.0 L.min-1, air 2.0 L.min-1, propofol 5.0-7.0 mg.kg-1.h-1, and remifentanil 0.1-0.25 µg.kg-1.min-1. The surgery was completed as scheduled and the ICD was reactivated. The patient was then extubated after administration of sugammadex 200 mg. CONCLUSION: We report the successful management of anesthesia without lethal arrhythmia in a patient with ARVC and an ICD. An adequate amount of analgesia should be administered during general anesthesia to maintain adequate anesthetic depth and to avoid stress and pain.


Subject(s)
Anesthesia , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia , Defibrillators, Implantable , Maxillary Sinus/surgery , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
2.
Rev. bras. anestesiol ; Rev. bras. anestesiol;70(3): 302-305, May-June 2020. graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1137181

ABSTRACT

Abstract Background and objectives: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) is a genetic cardiomyopathy characterized by potentially lethal ventricular tachycardia. Here we describe a patient with ARVC and an Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator (ICD) in whom maxillary sinus surgery was performed under general anesthesia. Case report: The patient was a 59 year-old man who was scheduled to undergo maxillary sinus surgery under general anesthesia. He had been diagnosed as having ARVC 15 years earlier and had undergone implantation of an ICD in the same year. Electrocardiography showed an epsilon wave in leads II, aVR, and V1-V3. Cardiac function was within normal range on transthoracic echocardiography. The ICD was temporarily deactivated after the patient arrived in the operating room and an intravenous line was secured. An external defibrillator was kept on hand for immediate defibrillation if any electrocardiographic abnormality was detected. Remifentanil 0.3 µg/kg/min, fentanyl 0.1 mg, propofol 154 mg, and rocuronium 46 mg were administered for induction of anesthesia. Tracheal intubation was performed orally. Anesthesia was maintained oxygen 1.0 L.min−1, air 2.0 L.min−1, propofol 5.0-7.0 mg.kg−1.h−1, and remifentanil 0.1-0.25 µg.kg−1.min−1. The surgery was completed as scheduled and the ICD was reactivated. The patient was then extubated after administration of sugammadex 200 mg. Conclusion: We report the successful management of anesthesia without lethal arrhythmia in a patient with ARVC and an ICD. An adequate amount of analgesia should be administered during general anesthesia to maintain adequate anesthetic depth and to avoid stress and pain.


Resumo Introdução e objetivo: A Cardiomiopatia Arritmogênica do Ventrículo Direito (CAVD) é uma cardiomiopatia genética caracterizada por taquicardia ventricular potencialmente letal. Descrevemos um paciente com CAVD com Cardioversor Desfibrilador Implantável (CDI) submetido a anestesia geral para cirurgia de seio maxilar. Relato do caso: Paciente masculino, 59 anos, a ser submetido a anestesia geral para cirurgia de seio maxilar. O paciente foi diagnosticado com CAVD há 15 anos, momento em que foi submetido a implante de CDI. A eletrocardiografia mostrou onda épsilon nas derivações II, aVR e V1-V3. O ecocardiograma transtorácico revelou função cardíaca normal. Após a entrada do paciente na sala de cirurgia, o CDI foi temporariamente desativado e uma via intravenosa foi instalada. Um desfibrilador externo foi mantido próximo ao paciente caso fosse detectada alguma anormalidade eletrocardiográfica que indicasse desfibrilação do paciente. Foram administrados 0,3 mg/kg/min de remifentanil, 0,1 mg de fentanil, 154 mg de propofol e 46 mg de rocurônio para indução da anestesia. A intubação traqueal foi realizada por via oral. A anestesia foi mantida com 1 L/min de oxigênio, 2 L/min de ar, 5-7 mg/kg/h de propofol e 0,1-0,25 µg/kg/min de remifentanil. O procedimento cirúrgico proposto foi concluído e o CDI foi reativado. O tubo traqueal foi retirado após administração de 200 mg de sugamadex. Conclusão: Descrevemos técnica de anestesia bem sucedida sem arritmia letal em paciente com CAVD e CDI. Analgesia adequada deve ser administrada durante a anestesia geral para manter profundidade anestésica correta e evitar estresse e dor.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Defibrillators, Implantable , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Anesthesia , Maxillary Sinus/surgery , Middle Aged
4.
ABC., imagem cardiovasc ; 29(4): 136-144, out.-dez. 2016. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-834209

ABSTRACT

A ressonância magnética cardíaca (RMC) constitui método não invasivo e tridimensional que permite a avaliaçãomorfológica e funcional de todas as câmaras do coração. Esse método tem ganhado importância na identificaçãoe caracterização de cardiopatias primárias que envolvem o ventrículo direito (VD), além de doenças secundárias que levam à disfunção das câmaras direitas. Dessa forma, este trabalho objetiva elucidar a melhor metodologia no diagnóstico dessas doenças mediante a RMC.


Subject(s)
Humans , Magnetic Resonance Angiography/methods , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/complications , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Heart Diseases/complications , Heart Diseases/diagnosis , Diagnosis , Echocardiography/methods , Heart , Tricuspid Valve , Heart Ventricles
7.
Rev. bras. ecocardiogr. imagem cardiovasc ; 25(1): 48-51, jan.-mar. 2012. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-613935

ABSTRACT

A displasia arritmogênica do Ventrículo Direito (DAVD) é uma doença cardíaca estrutural, causada por mutações genéticas que levam à substituição progressiva de células miocárdicas por tecido fibrogorduroso, levando seu portador a desenvolver arritmiasmalignas e alta probabilidade de morte súbita. O ecocardiograma é essencial na avaliação de pacientes com história de síncope, para diagnóstico diferencial de várias patologias, dentre elas a DAVD.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Adult , Death, Sudden , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/genetics , Echocardiography/methods , Echocardiography , Heart Defects, Congenital/complications
10.
Rev. bras. ecocardiogr. imagem cardiovasc ; 24(3): 51-57, jul.-set. 2011. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-592439

ABSTRACT

A Displasia Arritmogênica do Ventrículo Direito (DAVD) é uma doença do músculo cardíaco, geneticamente determinada, caracterizada por substituição fibrogordurosa do miocárdio. Os indivíduos acometidos podem ser assintomáticos, apresentar arritmias ventriculares e/ou insuficiência cardíaca biventricular, bem como ser vítimas de morte súbita. Uma força tarefa propôs em abril de 2010 a modificação dos critérios diagnósticos da DAVD estabelecidos em 1994, definindo novos critérios ecocardiográfi cos, além de outros métodos. Apresente revisão abordará os critérios ecocardiográficos de DAVD, definindo as questões técnicas do exame e os meios mais adequados de melhorar a acurácia diagnóstica e apontando para outros potenciais métodos de auxílio na investigação da doença.


Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia is due to a type of cardiomyopthy genetically determined. Th is cardiomyopathy is marked by myocardial cell loss with partial or total replacement of right ventricular muscle by adipose and fibrous tissue. Those patients can be asymptomatic or ARVD can be an important cause of ventricular arrhythmia and sudden death. Biventricular heart failure can be present too. In April of 2010 one task force had published a change in the diagnosis findings of ARVD including the newechocardiographic findings and measurements in order to improve the echocardiographic diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Humans , Diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Echocardiography/methods , Echocardiography
11.
Rev. costarric. cardiol ; 13(1): 35-38, jun. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-637517

ABSTRACT

La displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho se caracteriza por atrofia y reemplazo fibroso y graso del miocardio, y arritmias ventriculares. Se reporta el caso de una mujer de 54 años que se presentó con choque circulatorio fatal, haciéndose el diagnóstico patológico de displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho. Se discuten las características clínicas, diagnóstico y manejo de esta cardiopatía potencialmente letal y aún poco comprendida


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Middle Aged , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis
12.
Fetal Pediatr Pathol ; 29(3): 158-64, 2010.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20450268

ABSTRACT

Arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy (AVC) presents with fat replacement of the myocardium, most commonly of the right ventricle, and ventricular arrhythmias. We report an 11-year-old boy with Noonan syndrome, ventricular arrhythmias, and an ultrasound depicting hypertrophy of the ventricular septum with subaortic stenosis. A surgical resection of the left side of the ventricular septum revealed a thick fibroelastotic endocardium covering a broad band of mature adipose tissue focally containing myocardial cells, fibrosis and chronic inflammatory infiltrates. The two layers covered a band of hypertrophic myocardiocytes with mild interstitial fibrosis. Arrhythmogenic ventricular cardiomyopathy has not been previously reported in the Noonan syndrome.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/pathology , Noonan Syndrome/pathology , Adipose Tissue/pathology , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/surgery , Cell Enlargement , Child , Echocardiography , Endocardium/pathology , Humans , Male , Myocytes, Cardiac/pathology , Noonan Syndrome/complications , Noonan Syndrome/surgery , Ventricular Septum/surgery
13.
Rev. Soc. Cardiol. Estado de Säo Paulo ; 19(1): 67-72, jan.-mar. 2009. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-518886

ABSTRACT

Cardiomiopatia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito, também conhecida como displasia arritmogênica do ventrículo direito, é uma doença primária do músculo cardíaco, caracterizada por um substrato anatomopatológico composto por substituição do músculo cardíaco por um tecido fibrolipomatoso e com escasso infiltrado inflamatório, afetando predominantenete o ventrículo direito, em particular sua parede livre e via de saída. É clinicamente caraterizada pela associação com arritmia ventricular e morte súbita em jovens, particularmente em atletas e durante a atividade física. A prevalência dessa doença não é totalmente conhecida e varia em diferentes continentes. Estima-se que exista um caso em cada 5 mil indivíduos. O diagnóstico é difícil pelo pouco acometimento da função ventricular e pela presença de alterações eletrocardiográficas muito sutís, que com frequência não são percebidas. Assim, o diagnóstico geralmente é feito quando o paciente apresenta algum episódio de arritmia ventricular ou mesmo quando recuperado de morte súbita e mais raramente durante avaliação...


Subject(s)
Humans , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/mortality , Death, Sudden , Risk Factors
14.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 85(1): 68-71, 2005 Jul.
Article in Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16041459

ABSTRACT

A clinical case of a 10-year-old male patient is reported. His dilated and prevailing right ventricular myocardiopathy shows diagnostic difficulties between previous myocarditis etiology and arrhythmogenic dysplasia. As the elements are not pathognomonic of one or other cause, the increase of cardiac enzymes in subacute stage maybe tends to the supposition of previous myocarditis. Hence, the questioning that many cases labeled as arrhythmogenic dysplasia can truly correspond to the possibility of evolutional myocarditis. The controversial clinic management is disputable.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Child , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Myocarditis/etiology , Radiography , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/diagnostic imaging
15.
Arq. bras. cardiol ; Arq. bras. cardiol;85(1): 68-71, jul. 2005. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-404970

ABSTRACT

É relatado o caso clínico de um paciente do sexo masculino com 10 anos de idade, cuja miocardiopatia dilatada e preponderante de ventrículo direito apresenta dificuldades diagnósticas entre a etiologia de miocardite prévia e a displasia arritmogênica. Como os elementos não são patognomônicos de uma ou de outra causa, a elevacão de enzimas cardíacas na fase subaguda talvez incline para a suposicão de miocardite prévia. Daí, o questionamento de que muitos casos rotulados como displasia arritmogênica poderem, verdadeiramente, corresponder à possibilidade de miocardite evolutiva. A controvertida conduta clínica é discutida.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Myocarditis/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Heart Ventricles/pathology , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Myocarditis/etiology , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right
16.
Medicina (B Aires) ; 64(5): 439-41, 2004.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15560547

ABSTRACT

Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) involves primarily the right ventricle, and should be considered in young patients presenting with syncope, ventricular tachycardia, cardiac arrest or in adults patients with congestive heart failure. Atrial electrical abnormalities due to ARVD have been rarely described. We report a case of ARVD in a 60-year-old man who developed sick sinus syndrome during evolution (sinus node recovery time of 6113 mseg). Atrial arrhythmias may be explained by gradual replacement of right atrium myocytes by adipose tissue.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Sick Sinus Syndrome/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/physiopathology , Electrocardiography , Humans , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Male , Middle Aged , Sick Sinus Syndrome/complications , Sick Sinus Syndrome/physiopathology , Syncope/etiology
17.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; Medicina (B.Aires);64(5): 439-441, 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-392311

ABSTRACT

La displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho (DAVD) compromete principalmente al ventrículo derecho y debe ser considereada en pacientes jóvenes que presentan síncope, taquicardia ventricular o paro cardíaco y en adultos con insulficiencia cardíaca congestiva. Las alteraciones eléctricas auriculares debidas a DAVD han sido poco descriptas. Informamos el caso de un varón de 60 años con DAVD que durante la evolución presentó enfermedad del nódulo sinusal (tiempo de recuperación del nódulo sinusal de 6113 mseg). Las arritmias auriculares se podrían explica® por el reemplazo gradual de los miocitos auriculares por tejido adiposo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Sick Sinus Syndrome/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Electrocardiography , Heart Ventricles , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Sick Sinus Syndrome/complications , Syncope/etiology
18.
Medicina (B.Aires) ; 64(5): 439-441, 2004. ilus
Article in Spanish | BINACIS | ID: bin-3068

ABSTRACT

La displasia arritmogénica del ventrículo derecho (DAVD) compromete principalmente al ventrículo derecho y debe ser considereada en pacientes jóvenes que presentan síncope, taquicardia ventricular o paro cardíaco y en adultos con insulficiencia cardíaca congestiva. Las alteraciones eléctricas auriculares debidas a DAVD han sido poco descriptas. Informamos el caso de un varón de 60 años con DAVD que durante la evolución presentó enfermedad del nódulo sinusal (tiempo de recuperación del nódulo sinusal de 6113 mseg). Las arritmias auriculares se podrían explica½ por el reemplazo gradual de los miocitos auriculares por tejido adiposo. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Sick Sinus Syndrome/diagnosis , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Sick Sinus Syndrome/complications , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Heart Ventricles , Magnetic Resonance Imaging , Syncope/etiology , Electrocardiography
19.
Arch Cardiol Mex ; 71(4): 324-9, 2001.
Article in Spanish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11806036

ABSTRACT

We report the case of a 21 year-old patient with arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia manifested by episodes of QRS tachycardia greater than 0.12 sec and isolated dysfunction of the right ventricle. The patient treated with amiodarone however, the tachycardia episodes persisted. The surface electrocardiogram showed left branch block with the axis down, which suggested a right ventricle origin, and was therefore considered an arrhythmogenic dysplasia. Echocardiography and cardioangiography showed alterations in the anatomy of the outflow tract of the right ventricle. A myocardial gammagraphy revealed no perfusion alterations. The endomyocardial biopsy showed perivascular fibrosis. An electrophysiology study was performed, stimulating the outflow tract of the right ventricle, which induced two types of ventricular tachycardias, one of them identical to that recorded clinical. The patient was treated with sotalol, and has been being free of ventricular tachycardia episodes for 18 months of follow-up. We consider that this entity should be studied in a systematic way in those patients with ventricular tachycardia originated in the outflow of the right ventricle and with primary cardiac illness.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Tachycardia, Ventricular/complications , Ventricular Dysfunction, Right/complications , Adult , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Female , Humans
20.
Arq Bras Cardiol ; 75(2): 115-24, 2000 Aug.
Article in English, Portuguese | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10983028

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To determine in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy the value of QT interval dispersion for identifying the induction of sustained ventricular tachycardia in the electrophysiological study or the risk of sudden cardiac death. METHODS: We assessed QT interval dispersion in the 12-lead electrocardiogram of 26 patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy. We analyzed its association with sustained ventricular tachycardia and sudden cardiac death, and in 16 controls similar in age and sex. RESULTS: (mean +/- SD). QT interval dispersion: patients = 53.8+/-14.1 ms; control group = 35.0+/-10.6 ms, p = 0.001. Patients with induction of ventricular tachycardia: 52.5+/-13.8 ms; without induction of ventricular tachycardia: 57.5+/-12.8 ms, p =0.420. In a mean follow-up period of 41+/-11 months, five sudden cardiac deaths occurred. QT interval dispersion in this group was 62.0+/-17.8, and in the others it was 51.9+/-12.8 ms, p = 0.852. Using a cutoff > or =60 ms to define an increase in the degree of the QT interval dispersion, we were able to identify patients at risk of sudden cardiac death with a sensitivity of 60%, a specificity of 57%, and positive and negative predictive values of 25% and 85%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy have a significant increase in the degree of QT interval dispersion when compared with the healthy population. However it, did not identify patients with induction of ventricular tachycardia in the electrophysiological study, showing a very low predictive value for defining the risk of sudden cardiac death in the population studied.


Subject(s)
Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/complications , Death, Sudden, Cardiac/etiology , Long QT Syndrome/complications , Adult , Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Predictive Value of Tests , Risk Factors , Sensitivity and Specificity , Tachycardia, Ventricular/etiology
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