Peritoneal effusion in a dog secondary to visceral mast cell tumor. A case report.

BACKGROUND: Mast cell tumor, one of the most common skin tumors in dogs, may also be found in visceral sites (mainly spleen and liver). When a visceral mast cell tumor is present, neoplastic mast cells may be found in any effusion secondary to the tumor. Therefore, the diagnosis may be made by cytologic analysis of the effusion. CASE: An 8-year-old, spayed, female Siberian husky presented with a peritoneal effusion secondary to a visceral mast cell tumor. Seven months earlier, the dog had presented with a cutaneous nodule diagnosed as a well-differentiated mast cell tumor. The peritoneal fluid was classified as a transudate. Numerous neoplastic mast cells were found in the effusion. Although the mast cell tumor presented with characteristics of the well-differentiated tumor, its biologic behavior was that of a malignant tumor. CONCLUSION: Care should be taken to evaluate the prognosis of mast cell tumors in dogs since their biologic behavior is extremely variable.

Exame do fluido peritoneal e hemograma de eqüinos submetidos à laparotomia e infusäo intraperitoneal de carboximetilcelulose / Peritoneal fluid exam and hemogram of horses submited to laparotomy and carboxymethylcellulose intraperitoneal infusion

A aplicaçäo intraperitoneal de carboximetilcelulose (CMC) tem sido utilizada na prevençäo de aderências peritoneais em animais e em humanos. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram avaliar a resposta do peritônio ao trauma cirúrgico e à aplicaçäo de CMC e estudar como se processa a metabolizaçäo da CMC. Dezenove eqüinos mestiços foram submetidos à laparotomia, quando se produziram lesöes no jejuno distal por abrasäo da serosa e isquemia. Nos 9 eqüinos do grupo tratamento, antes da síntese da parede abdominal, foi instilada, na cavidade peritoneal, uma soluçäo estéril de CMV, a 1 porcento na dose de 7 ml/kg. Nos eqüinos do grupo controle, nenhum medicamento foi aplicado na cavidade peritoneal. Após a cirurgia, colheram-se sangue e fluido peritoneal em 9 momentos: 4 horas após o fim da cirurgia, nos 3 primeiros dias pós-operatórios, pela manhä e a cada 48 horas nos dias subseqüentes ( no 5§, 7§, 9§, 11§ e 13§ dias pós-operatórios). Os exames laboratoriais demonstraram que todos os animais desenvolveram inflamaçäo peritoneal. Entretanto, nos animais do grupo tratamento, esta inflamaçäo foi mais intensa e com um curso mais longo. Observou-se também que a excreçäo da CMC ocorreu por fagocitose.

Pharmacokinetics of ceftazidime in sheep and its penetration into tissue and peritoneal fluids.

Serum, tissue and peritoneal fluid concentrations of ceftazidime were studied in ewes after intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous administration at 50 mg kg-1 bodyweight. Tissue and peritoneal cages were implanted in the animals studied. After intravenous bolus administration, the mean serum concentration versus time profile was best described by a two-compartment open model. The distribution rate constant (alpha) was 3.5 +/- 1.1 h-1 and the half-life (t 1/2 alpha) 0.22 +/- 0.09 hour. The elimination rate constant (beta) was 0.43 +/- 0.04 h-1 and half-life (t 1/2 beta) 1.6 +/- 0.2 hours. The area under the curve was 275.7 +/- 84.0 micrograms.ml-1 h. The volume of distribution as steady state was 356.1 +/- 208.0 ml kg-1. The penetration ratio into tissue fluid was 62.6 +/- 15.1 per cent and into peritoneal fluid 61.1 +/- 16.5 per cent. After intramuscular injection, the elimination half-life was 1.7 +/- 0.2 hours, the area under the curve was 228.7 +/- 43.3 micrograms.ml-1 h. and the elimination rate constant was 0.42 +/- 0.05 h-1. The penetration ratio into tissue fluid was 68.5 +/- 37.3 per cent and into peritoneal fluid 73.3 +/- 34.4 per cent. After subcutaneous injection, the elimination half-life was 1.8 +/- 0.5 hours, the area under the curve was 231.8 +/- 65.6 micrograms.ml-1 h. and the elimination constant was 0.41 +/- 0.10 h-1. The penetration ratio into tissue fluid was 47.2 +/- 3.5 per cent and into peritoneal fluid 58.1 +/- 15.6 per cent.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)