ABSTRACT
In recent years, there been significant progress toward develop more efficient vaccines. Different compounds with adjuvant capacity have been tested; however, no compound has emerged that suitable for universal use. Several efforts have been made to produce effective vaccines against Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5), an important cattle pathogen. In this study we examine the use the probiotic Bacillus cereus var. Toyoi as a potential adjuvant to improve BoHV-5 vaccine efficacy. We observed in the supplemented animals a systemic enhanced IgG antibody response toward Th1, and increased IFN-γ, IL-12 and IL-10 cytokines mRNA levels. These results suggest that this probiotic could provide a promising means of improving vaccine efficacy, particularly those vaccines that rely on a cell-mediated immune response.
Subject(s)
Bacillus cereus/immunology , Herpesvirus 5, Bovine/immunology , Herpesvirus Vaccines/immunology , Immunologic Factors/pharmacology , Probiotics/pharmacology , Animals , Antibodies, Viral/blood , Female , Gene Expression , Herpesvirus Vaccines/administration & dosage , Immunoglobulin G/blood , Interferon-gamma/biosynthesis , Interleukin-10/biosynthesis , Interleukin-12/biosynthesis , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB CABSTRACT
Cinquenta amostras de misturas prontas destinadas ao tempero de alimentos, denominadas "Tempero pronto", a venda nos supermercados da cidade de Säo Paulo, foram submetidas a análise microbiológica para verificaçäo da presença de bactérias causadoras de toxinfecçöes alimentares e para determinaçäo dos níveis de contaminaçäo por microrganismos deteriorantes. Estes produtos säo compostos principalmente de cebola, alho, tomate, óleo, salsinha, pimentäo e diversos condimentos (sal, pimenta do reino, orégano, entre outros). Em nenhuma das amostras foi detectada a presença de Salmonella sp, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli (como também coliformes fecais) e clostrídios sulfito-redutores. Bacillus cereus e bolores e leveduras foram detectados em 5 amostras, em níveis inferiores a 300 UFC/g. Bactérias esporulantes anaeróbias também näo foram observadas. As bactérias esporulantes anaeróbias também näo foram observadas. As bactérias aeróbias mesófilas variaram entre 10**1 e 10**5 UFC/g, as bactérias aeróbias termófilas e as bactérias esporulantes aeróbias mesófilas entre 10**1 e 10**4UFC/g