Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Basal Ganglia Diseases/veterinary , Extrapyramidal Tracts/drug effects , Fluphenazine/adverse effects , Horse Diseases/chemically induced , Animals , Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , Basal Ganglia Diseases/drug therapy , Diphenhydramine/administration & dosage , Horse Diseases/drug therapy , Horses , Hypnotics and Sedatives/administration & dosage , Male , Phenobarbital/administration & dosage , Xylazine/administration & dosageABSTRACT
Two long-acting neuroleptics were used to tranquilize nine captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus). Perphenazine enanthate (3.0 mg/kg) and zuclopenthixol acetate (0.6 mg/kg) were each administered to separate groups of three cheetahs in a double blind trial. Both products were administered together to a third group of three animals at the same dosages. Behavioral effect, duration of effect, and possible side effects were observed by a predefined protocol. Under standardized holding conditions, the cheetahs were observed 5 days before drug administration and 14 days after administration. Daily activity was defined and statistically evaluated by a U-test. A significant reduction of activity was observed after administration in all three trials. Zuclopenthixol acetate at 0.6 mg/kg alone and in combination with perphenazine enanthate caused inappetence, ataxia, extra pyramidal reactions, akathisia, and prolapse of the third eyelid. Zuclopenthixol acetate should not be used in cheetahs. Perphenazine enanthate did not cause inappetence, reduced appetite, or any of the previously mentioned side effects when used alone. It produced satisfactory tranquilization and is suitable and safe for cheetahs at 3.0 mg/kg. This dosage should be varied depending on health, age, and temperament of the individual cheetah.
Subject(s)
Acinonyx/physiology , Antipsychotic Agents , Clopenthixol , Clopenthixol/analogs & derivatives , Perphenazine , Perphenazine/analogs & derivatives , Stress, Physiological/veterinary , Akathisia, Drug-Induced/veterinary , Animals , Animals, Zoo , Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , Basal Ganglia Diseases/veterinary , Behavior, Animal/drug effects , Clopenthixol/adverse effects , Double-Blind Method , Eating/drug effects , Eyelid Diseases/chemically induced , Eyelid Diseases/veterinary , Female , Injections, Intramuscular/veterinary , Male , Perphenazine/adverse effects , Prolapse , Stress, Physiological/prevention & control , Time FactorsABSTRACT
The case history of a one-year-old male mongrel dog intoxicated with 120 mg haloperidol is described. The dog showed a coma with a severe extrapyramidal syndrome and was treated with orphenadrine. Symptoms, occurrence, and therapy of the extrapyrmidal syndrome are discussed. Emphasis is laid on the importance to differentiate this syndrome from epilepsy and other neurological disorders.
Subject(s)
Basal Ganglia Diseases/veterinary , Dog Diseases/chemically induced , Haloperidol/poisoning , Animals , Basal Ganglia Diseases/chemically induced , DogsABSTRACT
Ten Kerry Blue terriers from a kennel in New York and 3 from a kennel in California developed clinical signs of a progressive cerebellar disorder, with its onset between 9 and 16 weeks of age. In 9 sequential necropsies, progressive cerebellar cortical degeneration, with loss of Purkinje's cells, was demonstrated. As the disease progressed, there was bilateral symmetric degeneration of the olivary nuclei followed by degeneration of the substantia nigra and caudate nucleus, bilaterally. The California and New York dogs were related, and an autosomal recessive inheritance was proposed for the disease.